scholarly journals Landscape-Scale Effects of Fire, Cats, and Feral Livestock on Threatened Savanna Mammals: Unburnt Habitat Matters More Than Pyrodiversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Radford ◽  
Ben Corey ◽  
Karin Carnes ◽  
Erica Shedley ◽  
Lachie McCaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Effects ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
The Impact

Northern Australia has undergone significant declines among threatened small and medium-sized mammals in recent decades. Conceptual models postulate that predation by feral cats is the primary driver, with changed disturbance regimes from fire and feral livestock in recent decades reducing habitat cover and exacerbating declines. However, there is little guidance on what scale habitat and disturbance attributes are most important for threatened mammals, and what elements and scale of fire mosaics actually support mammals. In this study, we test a series of hypotheses regarding the influence of site-scale (50 × 50 m) habitat and disturbance attributes, as well as local-scale (1 km radius), meta-local scale (3 km), landscape-scale (5 km) and meta-landscape scale (10 km) fire mosaic attributes on mammal abundance and richness. We found that habitat cover (rock, perennial grass, and shrub cover) at the site-scale had a positive effect, and disturbance factors (feral cats, fire, feral livestock) had a negative influence on mammal abundance and richness. Models supported site-scale habitat and disturbance factors as more important for mammals than broader-scale (local up to meta-landscape scale) fire mosaic attributes. Finally, we found that increasing the extent of ≥ 4 year unburnt habitat, and having an intermediate percentage (ca. 25%) of recently burnt (1-year burnt) habitat within the mosaic, were the most important functional elements of the fire mosaic at broad scales for mammals. Contrary to expectations, diversity of post-fire ages (‘pyrodiversity’) was negatively associated with mammal abundance and richness. These results highlight the need for management to promote retention of longer unburnt vegetation in sufficient patches across savanna landscapes (particularly of shrub and fruiting trees), maintain low-intensity patchy fire regimes, reduce the extent of intense late dry season wildfires, and to reduce the impact of feral livestock. This study provides further evidence for the role of feral cats in northern Australian mammal declines, and highlights the need for increased research into the efficacy of cat control methodologies in reducing biodiversity impacts in these extensive landscapes.

Cause-related marketing for successful cross-border post-acquisition performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Matarazzo ◽  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Biagio Simonetti
Keyword(s):  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Target Firm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Repurchase Intentions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Cause Related Marketing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose Building on the scant literature on cross-border acquisitions (CBAs) in the consumer perspective, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the acquirer’s cause-related marketing (CRM) on consumers’ repurchase intentions of the products of the post-acquisition target. In addition, the study aims at analyzing the moderating role of acquirer’s CRM on the relationship between corporate ability (CA) and country image (CI) on consumers’ repurchase intentions of the products of the post-acquisition target. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on a sample of Italian consumers (n=351), the authors examined the roles played by the acquirer’s CRM on consumer behaviour by considering an Italian target firm with a high reputation and comparing eight foreign acquiring firms with different combinations of CRM (poor/good), CA (poor/good) and CI (high/low). Findings The authors found that CRM, CA as well as CI have a significant impact on Italian consumers’ intention to repurchase the products of the post-acquisition target. Furthermore, it is shown that good CRM reduces the negative influence of a poor CA and a low CI on post-acquisition repurchase intentions and strengthen the positive influence, thus confirming the moderating role of CRM. Originality/value The research investigates, in the context of CBAs, the impact of the acquirer’s CRM on the host country consumers’ repurchase intentions after the CBA, which has not previously been examined. It can help managers to understand the conditions under which CBAs will be favourably evaluated.

scholarly journals Board Power Hierarchy, Corporate Mission, and Green Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiran Dong ◽  
Yongzhen Xie ◽  
Linjun Cao
Keyword(s):  
Negative Influence ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Relational Contract ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Green Governance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Power Hierarchy

Green governance is the only way to build a community for humankind with a shared future. Existing research has concentrated more on the macro level rather than the micro level of green governance—the power hierarchy of the governance subjects and its influence on decision-making and the implementation of green governance. The board of directors is the main green governance body, and the consciousness and conducts of the green governance of board members are determined by corporate mission. As a result, we explored the mechanism of the impact of board power hierarchy on green governance performance through the influence of green governance conduct. To interpret this mechanism, we introduced relational contract theory and conducted an empirical analysis. The results show that board power hierarchy negatively affects green governance conduct. Corporate mission restrains the board power hierarchy’s negative influence on green governance conduct, showing that board power structure has a significantly positive effect on green governance performance through the mediator of green governance conduct. Therefore, the positive role of corporate mission is identified.

scholarly journals Landscape-scale modeling of carbon cycling under the impact of soil redistribution: The role of tillage erosion

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristof Van Oost ◽  
Gerard Govers ◽  
Timothy A. Quine ◽  
Goswin Heckrath ◽  
Jorgen E. Olesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Soil Redistribution ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tillage Erosion

Building a World-Class University and the Role of University Ranking

2017 ◽  
pp. 393-419
Author(s):  
Maxim B. Khomyakov
Keyword(s):  
Global Education ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
Strategy Planning ◽  
World Class ◽  
The Impact

The chapter is devoted to the analysis of the impact of the global academic rankings and the concept of world-class university upon the system of high education both globally and in contemporary Russia. The author analyses the use of the rankings in benchmarking and strategy planning, and demonstrates negative influence of the obsession with the rankings in some countries. The chapter considers the case of the strategy of Ural Federal University (Russia) as one of the examples of both use and abuse of the rankings in large regional Russian university. The author argues for the necessity of organizing transnational associations and consortia of the universities, especially in emerging countries (BRICS nations, for example), to resist neo-Imperial features of today's global Academia. One of the remedies the chapter proposes is to adopt the idea of plural modernities from sociology and to treat global education environment as kind of a multi-polar world. Then, the author argues, the rankings should be supplemented with qualitative comparative analysis of educational systems.

scholarly journals How uncertainty affects career behaviour: A narrative approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Trevor-Roberts ◽  
Polly Parker ◽  
Jorgen Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Career Decision Making ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Career Uncertainty

Despite increased uncertainty in the environment, the role of uncertainty in people’s careers is poorly understood. Those few theories that account for uncertainty portray it as a negative influence on people’s career and should therefore be reduced or avoided. This article presents an empirical study that investigated the impact of uncertainty on people’s career behaviour using a narrative approach. The findings reveal that people have different understandings of career uncertainty, which leads to distinct differences in subsequent career behaviour. Specifically, we identified four qualitatively different meanings of career uncertainty we have called Stabiliser, Glider, Energiser and Adventurer. The findings add to the existing literature by showing how each meaning of career uncertainty affects career decision making, criteria to gauge career success and meaning, and negotiating transitions. This significantly broadens current conceptualisation of career uncertainty and its impact on career behaviour than existing literature. JEL Classification: M10, M50, L10

Reluctant to Speak? The Impact of Supervisor Narcissism on Employee Prohibitive Voice

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1713-1726
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hui Ding ◽  
Hua-Cheng Li ◽  
Lei Quan ◽  
Hua-Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Executive Staff ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prohibitive Voice

We constructed a research model based on the social cognitive and social exchange theories to investigate the relationship between supervisor narcissism and employee prohibitive voice. We focused on the mediating role of employee voice efficacy and the moderating role of supervisor–subordinate guanxi. We recruited enterprise employees in China and their direct supervisors (231 supervisor–subordinate dyads) as participants, who completed a 2-wave survey. The results showed a significantly negative relationship between supervisor narcissism and employee prohibitive voice, and the relationship was mediated by employee voice efficacy. Supervisor–subordinate guanxi negatively moderated the relationship between supervisor narcissism and employee voice efficacy. Thus, organizational executive staff should manage conditions to reduce the negative influence of supervisor narcissism, thereby promoting employee prohibitive voice.

Fire and grass cover influence occupancy patterns of rare rodents and feral cats in a mountain refuge: implications for management

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. McDonald ◽  
Alistair Stewart ◽  
Andrew T. Schubert ◽  
Catherine E. M. Nano ◽  
Chris R. Dickman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Grass Cover ◽  
Occupancy Modelling ◽  
Feral Cat ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
The Past ◽  
Occupancy Patterns ◽  
New Research

Context Feral cats (Felis catus) are implicated in the ongoing decline of Australian mammals. New research from northern Australia suggests that predation risk from feral cats could be managed by manipulating fire regimes to increase grass cover. Aims We investigate the role of fire history and hummock grass cover in the occurrence of feral cats and rare rodents, including the critically endangered central rock-rat (Zyzomys pedunculatus), in a mountain refuge in central Australia. Methods We installed 76 camera stations across four sites in the West MacDonnell National Park and used occupancy modelling to evaluate the influence of recent fire (within 5 years), hummock grass cover and ruggedness on feral cat and rodent occupancy. Key results Occupancy of the central rock-rat was positively associated with areas burnt within the past 5 years – a relationship probably driven by increased food resources in early succession vegetation. In contrast, the desert mouse (Pseudomys desertor) was detected at locations with dense hummock grass that had remained unburnt over the same period. Feral cats were widespread across the study area, although our data suggest that they forage less frequently in areas with dense hummock grass cover. Conclusions Our results suggest that fire management and grass cover manipulation can be used as a tool for rodent conservation in this environment and potentially elsewhere in arid Australia. Implications Creating food-rich patches within dense hummock grasslands may allow central rock-rats to increase occupancy while simultaneously affording them protection from predation. Landscape-scale wildfire resulting in a single post-fire vegetation age class is likely to be unfavourable for native rodents in this environment.

scholarly journals Thirty years of change in the fynbos vegetation of the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve, South Africa

Bothalia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. J. Privett ◽  
R. M. Cowling ◽  
H. C. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Cape Of Good Hope ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This study used permanently marked 50 m: sites, surveyed at a 30 year interval, to provide a descriptive account of the temporal change in the fynbos vegetation of the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve. South Africa. Management records were used to examine the role of post-fire age. fire frequency and intensity, as well as biotic interactions (competition from overstorey proteoids and alien plants) in influencing vegetation composition over this time period. The mean similarity in species composition of sites between surveys was 62%, indicating an average of nearly 40% turnover in species over the 30 year period. The main causes of this change included differences resulting from different stages in the post-fire succession as well as the impact of differential fire regimes (especially frequency effects). Competition from serotinous Proteaceae. which proved highly mobile after fire, as well as invasive Australian acacias also impacted on the composition of the vegetation over time. The study demonstrated that fynbos communities are temporally dynamic and that the changes over time in species composition are caused by a variety of processes. The study also provided evidence for the role of temporal diversity in contributing to the high species diversity in fynbos systems.

Fire effects on pollination in a sexually deceptive orchid

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Brown ◽  
Alan York ◽  
Fiona Christie
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Fire Effects ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Pollinator Visitation ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Landscape Scales

Research into the effectiveness of prescribed fire in managing pollination has only recently begun. The effects of fire on pollination have not been explored in sexually deceptive systems. Further, the potential for multiple effects operating at different spatial scales has not been explored in any pollination system despite multiscale effects on pollination observed in agricultural landscapes. We observed the frequency of pollinator visitation to flowers of sexually deceptive Caladenia tentaculata and related it to the post-fire age class of the vegetation at local and landscape scales. We also related the number of the pollinator’s putative larval hosts (scarab beetles) captured at these sites to age class. At the local scale (i.e. the sample location), visitation was highest in recently burnt sites. At the landscape scale, positive associations were observed between (1) putative pollinator hosts and vegetation burnt 36–50 years ago, and (2) pollinator visitation and vegetation burnt ≥50 years ago. Local- and landscape-scale effects on visitation were synergistic, such that visitation was greatest when fire age was heterogeneous within pollinator foraging range.

scholarly journals Does Quality of Government Matter in Public Health?: Comparing the Role of Quality and Quantity of Government at the National Level

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunhee Kim ◽  
Jaesun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Government Effectiveness ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine the degree of direct or indirect impact of quality and quantity of government on public health. It is a very important topic in that previous studies did not consider the role of government; they focused on the impact of national economic, social, and political factors on public health, therefore, disregarding the governmental factors. We measured the quantity of government by public expenditure on heath (i.e., rate of share of government budget to gross domestic product (GDP)) and the quality of government by five variables such as corruption control, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, voice and accountability, and rule of law. Based on national-level panel data (three waves) that covered 148–194 countries, we examined how quality and quantity of government has an impact on four kinds of public health, i.e., infant mortality, under-five mortality, maternal mortality, and life expectancy. Results show that both the quality and quantity of government had a significant impact on public health. In the quality of government, government effectiveness has a positive impact on life expectancy and a negative influence on infant deaths. Moreover, the quality of government has a greater impact on public health than the quantity of government. Lastly, the quality of government plays a role in moderating the relationships between quantity of government and the predicted variables.

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