An Integrated Insight into the Relationship between Soil Microbial Community and Tobacco Bacterial Wilt Disease

AbstractFusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production. Soil fumigation using dazomet followed by biological organic fertilizer was applied to suppress the Fusarium wilt disease. We propose that fumigation suppresses the soil indigenous community, especially the soil-borne pathogens, while the utilization of bio-organic fertilizer facilitates the recovery of the soil microbiome to a beneficial, suppressive state through the introduction of plant growth-promoting microorganisms. Greenhouse experiment showed that applied biological organic fertilizer after dazomet fumigation effective restrain the disease incidence with a 93.6% disease control. Fumigation strongly decreased soil microbial diversity and altered relative taxa abundances, suggesting the possibility of niche release by the resident soil microbial community. Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer transformed the soil microbial community composition and resulted in higher relative abundances of beneficial microbial groups such as Bacillus (8.5%) and Trichoderma (13.5%), coupled with lower Fusarium abundance compared to other treatments. Network analysis illustrated that soil fumigation decreased interactions within the soil microbial community with less nodes and links while bio-fertilizer addition promoted node interactions. In addition, bio-fertilizer addition after fumigation resulted in the beneficial species becoming the key network connectors. Collectively, fumigation appears to release the resident soil niche resulting in lower diversity while the beneficial microbes introduced by bio-fertilizer addition colonize these niches, leading to a more complex community with fewer pathogens that suppresses Fusarium wilt disease incidence.

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Soil multifunctionality is negatively related to microbial community stochasticity in restored grasslands

10.22541/au.163251346.67496315/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yongyong Zhang ◽

Monika Resch ◽

Martin Schuetz ◽

Ziyan Liao ◽

Beat Frey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Community Assembly ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Ecosystem Functions ◽

Grassland Restoration ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Topsoil Removal ◽

The Relationship

It is generally assumed that there is a relationship between microbial diversity and multiple ecosystem functions. Although it is indisputable that microbial diversity is controlled by stochastic and deterministic ecological assembly processes, the relationship between these processes and soil multifunctionality (SMF) remains less clear. In this study, we examined how different grassland restoration treatments, namely harvest only, topsoil removal and topsoil removal plus propagule addition, affected i) soil bacterial and fungal community stochasticity, ii) SMF, and iii) the relationship between community stochasticity and SMF. Results showed that soil microbial community stochasticity decreased in all the three restoration treatments, while SMF increased. Soil multifunctionality was found to be significantly and negatively correlated with soil microbial community stochasticity. Plant diversity and plant C/N indirectly influenced SMF by regulating the microbial community stochasticity. Our findings provide empirical evidence that when deterministic community assembly processes dominate in soils, then higher microbial functioning is expected.

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Reduced interactivity during microbial community degradation lead to the extinction of Tricholomas matsutake

10.22541/au.162323451.18834436/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hanchang Zhou ◽

Anzhou Ma ◽

Liu Guohua ◽

Xiaorong Zhou ◽

Jun Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Environmental Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Species Conservation ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Community Interactions ◽

Ecosystem Degradation ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

The Relationship

Ecosystem degradation is a process during which different ecosystem components interact and affect each other. The microbial community, as a component of the ecosystem whose members often display high reproduction rates, is more readily able to respond to environmental stress at the compositional and functional levels, thus potentially threatening other ecosystem components. However, very little research has been carried out on how microbial community degradation affects other ecosystem components, which hampers the comprehensive understanding of ecosystems as a whole. In this study, we investigated the variation in a soil microbial community through the extinction gradient of an ectomycorrhizal species (Tricholomas matsutake) and explored the relationship between microbial community degradation and ectomycorrhizal species extinction. The result showed that during degradation, the microbial community switched from an interactive state to a stress tolerance state, during which the interactivity of the microbial community decreased, and the reduced community interactions with T.matsutake marginalized it from a large central interactive module to a small peripheral module, eventually leading to its extinction. This study highlights the mechanisms of T.matsutake extinction due to the loss of soil microbial community interactivity, offering valuable information about soil microbial community degradation and the plant ectomycorrhizal species conservation.

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Biochar Suppresses Bacterial Wilt of Tomato by Improving Soil Chemical Properties and Shifting Soil Microbial Community

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7120676 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 676 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yang Gao ◽

Yang Lu ◽

Weipeng Lin ◽

Jihui Tian ◽

Kunzheng Cai

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Plant Disease Resistance ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Soil Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Genus Level

The role of biochar amendments in enhancing plant disease resistance has been well documented, but its mechanism is not yet fully understood. In the present study, 2% biochar made from wheat straw was added to the soil of tomato infected by Ralstonia solanacearum to explore the interrelation among biochar, tomato bacterial wilt resistance, soil chemical properties, and soil microbial community and to decipher the disease suppression mechanisms from a soil microbial perspective. Biochar application significantly reduced the disease severity of bacterial wilt, increased soil total organic carbon, total nitrogen, C:N ratio, organic matter, available P, available K, pH, and electrical conductivity. Biochar treatment also increased soil acid phosphatase activity under the non-R.-solanacearum-inoculated condition. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA revealed substantial differences in rhizosphere bacterial community structures between biochar-amended and nonamended treatments. Biochar did not influence soil microbial richness and diversity but significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in soil at the phylum level under R. solanacearum inoculation. Furthermore, biochar amendment harbored a higher abundance of Chitinophaga, Flavitalea, Adhaeribacter, Pontibacter, Pedobacter, and Ohtaekwangia at the genus level of Bacteroides and Pseudomonas at the genus level of Proteobacteria under R. solanacearum inoculation. Our findings suggest that a biochar-shifted soil bacterial community structure can favorably contribute to the resistance of tomato plants against bacterial wilt.

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Response of soil microbial community and hydrothermal environment to nitrogen deposition in Pinus massoniana forest in Central Asia

Thermal Science ◽

10.2298/tsci181120143l ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (5 Part A) ◽

pp. 2551-2559

Author(s):

Nanjie Li ◽

Qingping Zeng ◽

Shuhui Jiang ◽

Binghui He

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Water Content ◽

Nitrogen Deposition ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbes ◽

Pinus Massoniana ◽

N Deposition ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Hydrothermal Environment ◽

The Relationship

In order to demonstrate the response of soil microbial community and hydrothermal environment to nitrogen deposition (low nitrogen N20: 20 kg?hm?2; medium nitrogen N40: 40 kg?hm?2; high nitrogen N60: 60 kg?hm-2, and contrast N0: 0 kg?hm?2), a Pinus massoniana forest in Central Asia was chosen to do the nitrogen deposition simulation experiment. This research is aimed to provide a theoretical evidence for the protection of soil ecosystem under different forest types in china. The results showed that: soil microbes of Pinus massoniana forest were in seasonal changes (spring, autumn, winter, and summer). Differences in different seasons were significant: a very significant quadratic relationship was shown between soil microbes and soil temperature. However, the relationship between soil microbes and the soil water content was not closely related. The N deposition reduced the relationship between microbes and temperature but increased the correlation between microbes and water content: effects of N deposition on soil temperature and soil water content were significant, but the effects were in small scale, and the effects of N deposition on soil microbial community structure were significant.

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Changes in Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere of Mulberry Genotypes with Differing Resistance to Bacterial Wilt

10.1101/407494 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Yao Guo ◽

Cui Yu ◽

Xingming Hu ◽

Wen Deng ◽

Yong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Community Structure ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Functional Diversity ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽

Resistant Genotype ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Soil Rhizosphere

AbstractA close relationship between soil-borne diseases, soil microbial community structure, and functional diversity has been described in the mulberry plant. In the present study, microbial abundance, community structure, and functional diversity in the soil rhizosphere were compared in resistant (Kangqing10) and susceptible (Guisang12) mulberry genotypes using the dilution plate method, micro-ecology technology, and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The goal of this study was to develop better management methods for mulberry cultivation and preventing and controlling bacterial wilt. Rhizosphere soil microorganisms were more abundant in the resistant normal mulberry genotype than in the susceptible normal mulberry genotype. Carbon source utilization was better in the susceptible normal mulberry genotype. These properties were lower in the resistant sickly mulberry genotype than in the susceptible sickly mulberry genotype. PCR-DGGE indicated that the bacterial and fungal community structures of the resistant genotypes were more stable than those of the susceptible genotypes. Correlation regression analysis implicated mulberry bacterial wilt in the loss of soil nutrients, particularly organic matter and nitrogen, which can disrupt the balance of the soil microbial community. Loss of soil organic matter and nitrogen had a lower impact on resistant genotype plants than on susceptible genotype plants. Therefore, resistant genotype plants displayed some resistance to bacterial wilt. Further insights into the soil rhizosphere microbial diversities of resistant and susceptible genotypes will help in the control and prevention of mulberry bacterial wilt.

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