scholarly journals Halotolerant Exiguobacterium profundum PHM11 Tolerate Salinity by Accumulating L-Proline and Fine-Tuning Gene Expression Profiles of Related Metabolic Pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas K. Patel ◽  
Ruchi Srivastava ◽  
Anjney Sharma ◽  
Anchal K. Srivastava ◽  
Savita Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Exiguobacterium Profundum

scholarly journals Transcriptome-wide gene expression plasticity in Stipa grandis in response to grazing intensity differences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Dang ◽  
Yuanyuan Jia ◽  
Yunyun Tian ◽  
Jiabin Li ◽  
Yanan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Glycolate Oxidase ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Grazing Intensities

Organisms have evolved effective and distinct adaptive strategies to survive. Stipa grandis is one of the widespread dominant species on the typical steppe of the Inner Mongolian Plateau, and is regarded as a suitable species for studying the effects of grazing in this region. Although phenotypic (morphological and physiological) variations in S. grandis in response to long-term grazing have been identified, the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptations and plastic responses remain largely unknown. Accordingly, we performed a transcriptomic analysis to investigate changes in gene expression of S. grandis under four different grazing intensities. A total of 2,357 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among the tested grazing intensities, suggesting long-term grazing resulted in gene expression plasticity that affected diverse biological processes and metabolic pathways in S. grandis. DEGs were identified that indicated modulation of Calvin–Benson cycle and photorespiration metabolic pathways. The key gene´expression profiles encoding various proteins (e.g., Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, glycolate oxidase etc.) involved in these pathways suggest that they may synergistically respond to grazing to increase the resilience and stress tolerance of S. grandis. Our findings provide scientific clues for improving grassland use and protection, and identify important questions to address in future transcriptome studies.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic comparison between beetle strains selected for short and long durations of death feigning

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironobu Uchiyama ◽  
Ken Sasaki ◽  
Shogo Hinosawa ◽  
Keisuke Tanaka ◽  
Kentarou Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Antipredator Behavior ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Death Feigning ◽  
Encoding Genes

Abstract The molecular basis of death feigning, an antipredator behavior that has received much attention recently, was analyzed. We compared the gene expression profiles of strains with different behaviors, i.e., different durations of death feigning, in the beetle Tribolium castaneum. Beetles artificially selected for short (S) and long (L) durations of death feigning for many generations were compared thoroughly by RNA sequencing. We identified 518 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the strains. The strains also showed divergence in unexpected gene expression regions. As expected from previous physiological studies, genes associated with the metabolic pathways of tyrosine, a precursor of dopamine, were differentially expressed between the S and L strains; these enzyme-encoding genes were expressed at higher levels in the L strain than in the S strain. We also found that several genes associated with insulin signaling were expressed at higher levels in the S strain than in the L strain. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the relative expression levels of Tchpd (encoding 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, Hpd) and Tcnat (encoding N-acetyltransferase, Nat) were significantly higher in the L strain than in the S strain, suggesting the influence of these enzymes on the supply of dopamine and duration of death feigning.

scholarly journals Short De-Etiolation Increases the Rooting of VC801 Avocado Rootstock

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1481
Author(s):  
Zvi Duman ◽  
Gal Hadas-Brandwein ◽  
Avi Eliyahu ◽  
Eduard Belausov ◽  
Mohamad Abu-Abied ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Pectin Methylesterase ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Wall Properties ◽  
Cell Wall Properties ◽  
Better Than

Dark-grown (etiolated) branches of many recalcitrant plant species root better than their green counterparts. Here it was hypothesized that changes in cell-wall properties and hormones occurring during etiolation contribute to rooting efficiency. Measurements of chlorophyll, carbohydrate and auxin contents, as well as tissue compression, histological analysis and gene-expression profiles were determined in etiolated and de-etiolated branches of the avocado rootstock VC801. Differences in chlorophyll content and tissue rigidity, and changes in xyloglucan and pectin in cambium and parenchyma cells were found. Interestingly, lignin and sugar contents were similar, suggesting that de-etiolated branches resemble the etiolated ones in this respect. Surprisingly, the branches that underwent short de-etiolation rooted better than the etiolated ones, and only a slight difference in IAA content between the two was observed. Gene-expression profiles revealed an increase in ethylene-responsive transcripts in the etiolated branches, which correlated with enrichment in xyloglucan hydrolases. In contrast, transcripts encoding pectin methylesterase and pectolyases were enriched in the de-etiolated branches. Taken together, it seems that the short de-etiolation period led to fine tuning of the conditions favoring adventitious root formation in terms of auxin–ethylene balance and cell-wall properties.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of hepatic metabolism in mule ducks highlights different gene expression profiles between carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Massimino ◽  
Stéphane Davail ◽  
Aurélie Seccula ◽  
Charlotte Andrieux ◽  
Marie-Dominique Bernadet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Foie Gras ◽  
Mule Duck

Abstract Background: The production of foie gras involves different metabolic pathways in the liver of overfed ducks such as lipid synthesis and carbohydrates catabolism, but the establishment of these pathways has not yet been described with precision during embryogenesis. The early environment can have short- and long-term impacts on the physiology of many animal species and can be used to influence physiological responses that is called programming. This study proposes to describe the basal hepatic metabolism at the level of mRNA in mule duck embryos in order to reveal potential interesting programming windows in the context of foie gras production. To this end, a kinetic study was designed to determine the level of expression of selected genes involved in steatosis-related liver functions throughout embryogenesis. The livers of 20 mule duck embryos were collected every four days from the 12th day of embryogenesis (E12) until 4 days after hatching (D4), and gene expression analysis was performed. The expression levels of 50 mRNAs were quantified for these 7 sampling points and classified into 4 major cellular pathways.Results: Interestingly, most mRNAs involved in lipid metabolism are overexpressed after hatching (FASN, SCD1, ACOX1), whereas genes implicated in carbohydrate metabolism (HK1, GAPDH, GLUT1) and development (HGF, IGF, FGFR2) are predominantly overexpressed from E12 to E20. Finally, regarding cellular stress, gene expression appears quite stable throughout development, contrasting with strong expression after hatching (CYP2E1, HSBP1, HSP90AA1). Conclusion: For the first time we described the kinetics of hepatic ontogenesis at mRNA level in mule ducks and highlighted different expression patterns depending on the cellular pathway. These results could be particularly useful in the design of embryonic programming for the production of foie gras.

scholarly journals Fine-tuning of the Msn2/4–mediated yeast stress responses as revealed by systematic deletion of Msn2/4 partners

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 3127-3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Sadeh ◽  
Natalia Movshovich ◽  
Misha Volokh ◽  
Larisa Gheber ◽  
Amir Aharoni
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
The Face

The Msn2 and Msn4 transcription factors play major roles in the yeast general stress response by mediating the transcription of hundreds of genes. Despite extensive information on Msn2/4–mediated gene expression profiles, much less is known regarding the network of proteins that regulate its activity. Here we describe a systematic approach designed to examine the roles of 35 Msn2/4 partners in regulating Msn2/4 transcriptional activity in the face of four different environmental conditions. Our analysis indicates that single deletions of 26 Msn2/4 partners significantly affect Msn2/4 transcription activity under four different conditions. The low functional redundancy of the Msn2 regulatory network indicates that Msn2/4 activity is finely tuned by many of Msn2/4 partners to provide an optimized stress response through differential activation, nuclear localization, degradation, and chromatin remodeling. Our specific analysis of Msn2 activity showed that a relatively large number of partners act to suppress Msn2 activity under nonstress conditions through independent mechanisms, including cytoplasmic retention, proteosome-mediated Msn2 degradation, and chromatin remodeling. Such negative regulation is crucial to minimize the cost of uncontrolled stress response gene expression and ensures a high growth rate in the absence of stress.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of hepatic metabolism in mule ducks highlights different gene expression profiles between carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Massimino ◽  
Stéphane Davail ◽  
Aurélie Seccula ◽  
Charlotte Andrieux ◽  
Marie-Dominique Bernadet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Foie Gras ◽  
Mule Duck

Abstract Background: The production of foie gras involves different metabolic pathways in the liver of overfed ducks such as lipid synthesis and carbohydrates catabolism, but the establishment of these pathways has not yet been described with precision during embryogenesis. The early environment can have short- and long-term impacts on the physiology of many animal species and can be used to influence physiological responses that is called programming. This study proposes to describe the basal hepatic metabolism at the level of mRNA in mule duck embryos in order to reveal potential interesting programming windows in the context of foie gras production. To this end, a kinetic study was designed to determine the level of expression of selected genes involved in steatosis-related liver functions throughout embryogenesis. The livers of 20 mule duck embryos were collected every four days from the 12th day of embryogenesis (E12) until 4 days after hatching (D4), and gene expression analysis was performed. The expression levels of 50 mRNAs were quantified for these 7 sampling points and classified into 4 major cellular pathways.Results: Interestingly, most mRNAs involved in lipid metabolism are overexpressed after hatching (FASN, SCD1, ACOX1), whereas genes implicated in carbohydrate metabolism (HK1, GAPDH, GLUT1) and development (HGF, IGF, FGFR2) are predominantly overexpressed from E12 to E20. Finally, regarding cellular stress, gene expression appears quite stable throughout development, contrasting with strong expression after hatching (CYP2E1, HSBP1, HSP90AA1). Conclusion: For the first time we described the kinetics of hepatic ontogenesis at mRNA level in mule ducks and highlighted different expression patterns depending on the cellular pathway. These results could be particularly useful in the design of embryonic programming for the production of foie gras.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of hepatic metabolism in mule ducks highlights different gene expression profiles between carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Massimino ◽  
Stéphane Davail ◽  
Aurélie Seccula ◽  
Charlotte Andrieux ◽  
Marie-Dominique Bernadet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Foie Gras ◽  
Mule Duck

Abstract Background : The production of foie gras involves different metabolic pathways in the liver of overfed ducks such as lipid synthesis and carbohydrates catabolism, but the establishment of these pathways has not yet been described with precision during embryogenesis. The early environment can have short- and long-term impacts on the physiology of many animal species and can be used to influence physiological responses that is called programming. This study proposes to describe the basal hepatic metabolism at the level of mRNA in mule duck embryos in order to reveal potential interesting programming windows in the context of foie gras production. To this end, a kinetic study was designed to determine the level of expression of selected genes involved in steatosis-related liver functions throughout embryogenesis. The livers of 20 mule duck embryos were collected every four days from the 12 th day of embryogenesis (E12) until 4 days after hatching (D4), and gene expression analysis was performed. The expression levels of 50 mRNAs were quantified for these 7 sampling points and classified into 4 major cellular pathways. Results : Interestingly, most mRNAs involved in lipid metabolism are overexpressed after hatching (FASN, SCD1, ACOX1), whereas genes implicated in carbohydrate metabolism (HK1, GAPDH, GLUT1) and development (HGF, IGF, FGFR2) are predominantly overexpressed from E12 to E20. Finally, regarding cellular stress, gene expression appears quite stable throughout development, contrasting with strong expression after hatching (CYP2E1, HSBP1, HSP90AA1). Conclusion : For the first time we described the kinetics of hepatic ontogenesis at mRNA level in mule ducks and highlighted different expression patterns depending on the cellular pathway. These results could be particularly useful in the design of embryonic programming for the production of foie gras.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of hepatic metabolism in mule ducks highlights different gene expression profiles between carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Massimino ◽  
Stéphane Davail ◽  
Aurélie Secula ◽  
Charlotte Andrieux ◽  
Marie-Dominique Bernadet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Foie Gras ◽  
Mule Duck

Abstract Background The production of foie gras involves different metabolic pathways in the liver of overfed ducks such as lipid synthesis and carbohydrates catabolism, but the establishment of these pathways has not yet been described with precision during embryogenesis. The early environment can have short- and long-term impacts on the physiology of many animal species and can be used to influence physiological responses that is called programming. This study proposes to describe the basal hepatic metabolism at the level of mRNA in mule duck embryos in order to reveal potential interesting programming windows in the context of foie gras production. To this end, a kinetic study was designed to determine the level of expression of selected genes involved in steatosis-related liver functions throughout embryogenesis. The livers of 20 mule duck embryos were collected every 4 days from the 12th day of embryogenesis (E12) until 4 days after hatching (D4), and gene expression analysis was performed. The expression levels of 50 mRNAs were quantified for these 7 sampling points and classified into 4 major cellular pathways. Results Interestingly, most mRNAs involved in lipid metabolism are overexpressed after hatching (FASN, SCD1, ACOX1), whereas genes implicated in carbohydrate metabolism (HK1, GAPDH, GLUT1) and development (HGF, IGF, FGFR2) are predominantly overexpressed from E12 to E20. Finally, regarding cellular stress, gene expression appears quite stable throughout development, contrasting with strong expression after hatching (CYP2E1, HSBP1, HSP90AA1). Conclusion For the first time we described the kinetics of hepatic ontogenesis at mRNA level in mule ducks and highlighted different expression patterns depending on the cellular pathway. These results could be particularly useful in the design of embryonic programming for the production of foie gras.

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