scholarly journals Biological Management of Banana Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 Using Antagonistic Fungal Isolate CSR-T-3 (Trichoderma reesei)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thukkaram Damodaran ◽  
Shailendra Rajan ◽  
Manoharan Muthukumar ◽  
Ram Gopal ◽  
Kavita Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Trichoderma Reesei ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Race 4

Fusarium wilt in bananas is one of the most devastating diseases that poses a serious threat to the banana industry globally. With no effective control measures available to date, biological control has been explored to restrict the spread and manage the outbreak. We studied the effective biological control potential of different Trichoderma spp. in the management of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4). Expression of the defense related genes and metabolites in banana plants inoculated with Foc TR4 and treated with effective Trichoderma sp interactions were also studied. The in vitro growth inhibition of Foc TR4 by Trichoderma reesei isolate CSR-T-3 was 85.19% indicating a higher antagonistic potential than other Trichoderma isolates used in the study. Further, in in vivo assays, the banana plants treated with the isolate CSR-T-3 T. reesei had a significant reduction in the disease severity index (0.75) and also had increased phenological indices with respect to Foc TR4 treated plants. Enhanced activity of defense enzymes, such as β-1, 3-glucanase, peroxidase, chitinase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase with higher phenol contents were found in the Trichoderma isolate CSR-T-3 treated banana plants challenge-inoculated with Foc TR4. Fusarium toxins, such as fusaristatin A, fusarin C, chlamydosporal, and beauveric acid were identified by LC-MS in Foc TR4-infected banana plants while high intensity production of antifungal compounds, such as ß-caryophyllene, catechin-o-gallate, soyasapogenol rhamnosyl glucoronide, peptaibols, fenigycin, iturin C19, anthocyanin, and gallocatechin-o-gallate were detected in T. reesei isolate CSR-T-3 treated plants previously inoculated with Foc TR4. Gene expression analysis indicated the upregulation of TrCBH1/TrCBH2, TrXYL1, TrEGL1, TrTMK1, TrTGA1, and TrVEL1 genes in CSR-T-3 treatment. LC-MS and gene expression analysis could ascertain the upregulation of genes involved in mycoparasitism and the signal transduction pathway leading to secondary metabolite production under CSR-T-3 treatment. The plants in the field study showed a reduced disease severity index (1.14) with high phenological growth and yield indices when treated with T. reesei isolate CSR-T-3 formulation. We report here an effective biocontrol-based management technological transformation from lab to the field for successful control of Fusarium wilt disease caused by Foc TR4 in bananas.

Gene expression analysis of known COPD loci revealed its varied levels by disease severity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geumkyung Nah ◽  
Eun-A Choi ◽  
Jiwon Kim ◽  
Woojin Kim ◽  
Kwangha Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis

scholarly journals Greenhouse Cucumber Cultivars Differ in Susceptibility to Fusarium Root and Stem Rot

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Rose ◽  
Zamir K. Punja
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
The Third ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber

Eighteen cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars (long English type) were screened for their susceptibility to fusarium root and stem rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.: Fr. f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum D.J. Vakalounakis using seedlings at the third true-leaf stage. Roots were trimmed and dipped into a spore suspension (105 spores/mL) of the pathogen and the plants were re-potted. A disease severity index (DSI) was used to assess disease responses 4 or 8 weeks later based on plant mortality and the height of surviving plants compared to the noninoculated controls. `Sienna', `Amazing' and `Dominica' were most susceptible to infection and the resulting DSI values were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher compared to noninoculated control plants. The cultivars `Korinda', `Euphoria' and `Aviance' displayed significantly lower DSI values which were not significantly different from noninoculated control plants. The remaining 12 cultivars displayed DSI values which were intermediate between the above two classes of responses. The results from this study indicate there is the potential to identify and develop cultivars and breeding lines of greenhouse cucumbers with enhanced resistance to fusarium root and stem rot.

scholarly journals Virulensi Isolat Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense VCG 01213/16 pada Pisang Barangan dari Varietas Pisang dan Lokasi yang Berbeda

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Jumjunidang ◽  
Catur Hermanto ◽  
Riska
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tissue Culture Propagation

Analisis genetik  isolat-isolat  cendawan Fusarium  oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) VCG 01213/16 penyebab penyakit layu pada tanaman pisang menunjukkan adanya keragaman yang nyata. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari keragaman virulensi isolat-isolat yang terkelompok dalam VCG 01213/16, berasal dari berbagai daerah dan varietas pisang yang berbeda.  Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika (Balitbu Tropika) Solok, dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Juni 2009. Rancangan yang digunakan ialah acak kelompok dengan 10 perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas 10 tanaman. Perlakuan terdiri atas 10 isolat Foc VCG 01213/16 yang berasal dari varietas pisang dan lokasi berbeda. Tanaman uji ialah benih pisang Barangan hasil perbanyakan kultur jaringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keragaman virulensi 10 isolat Foc VCG 01213/16 yang dinilai dari perbedaan masa inkubasi, persentase serangan, dan indeks keparahan penyakit pada bonggol dan daun pisang Barangan. Sembilan isolat Foc yang diuji mempunyai virulensi yang tinggi. Masa inkubasi berkisar antara 13,98 dan 16,80 hari, persentase serangan 93,33-100%, dan indeks keparahan penyakit pada bonggol dan daun masing-masing berkisar 3,46-5,35 dan 4,68-5,41. Isolat Foc VCG 01213/16 yang berasal dari Jabung-Lampung Timur dan diisolasi dari pisang varietas Ambon Kuning (isolat F) menunjukkan virulensi yang relatif lebih rendah dibanding sembilan isolat  Foc lainnya dengan masa inkubasi 30,27 hari, indeks keparahan penyakit pada bonggol dan daun masing-masing sebesar 2,14 dan 3,76.  Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat dalam memberikan informasi tentang biologi F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense sebagai dasar untuk penyusunan teknik pengendalian yang tepat.<br /><br /><br />Genetic analysis of isolates of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) that are grouped in VCG 01213/16, as the causal agent of wilt disease in banana plants showed a considerable variation. This research aimed to study the variation in virulence of isolates that are grouped in VCG 01213/16 from different varieties of banana and regions. The study was conducted in the Protection Laboratory and the Screenhouse of Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) Solok, from March to June 2009. A randomized block design was used in this research with 10 treatments and three replications. Each treatments consisted of 10 banana plants. The treatment was 10 Foc isolates belonging to VCG 01213/16 originating from different varieties of banana and locations. Barangan plantlets produced from tissue culture propagation were used as the planting material. The results showed that there were high variations in virulence among 10 Foc isolates in VCG 01213/16 based on variables of the incubation period, percentage of wilt, and disease severity index on corm and leaves of Barangan variety. Nine of the 10 Foc isolates tested were highly virulent isolates. The incubation period ranged from 13.98 to 16.80 days, the percentage of wilt from 93.33 to 100%, and the disease severity index of corm and leaves ranged from 3.46 to 5.35 and from 4.68 to 5.41, respectively. The Foc VCG 01213/16 isolates originated from Jabung, East Lampung and from Ambon Kuning variety (isolate F) shown relatively low virulence than others isolates that the incubation period was 30.27 days and the disease severity index on the corm and leaves was 2.14 and 3.76, respectively. This result provides useful information on biology of F. oxysprum f. sp. cubense to find out the best control method of the pathogen.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Indonesian red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) capsaicin and its correlation with their responses to pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Rejeki Siti Ferniah ◽  
Sri Pujiyanto ◽  
Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Commercial Crop

Red chili is a commercial crop for the food industry in Indonesia. There are some categories of red chili based on their pungency. The hot chili usually has more capsaicin than the sweet chili. Some cultivars may have more resistance to pathogen infection than the others. This research aimed to analyze the disease resistance of red chili cultivars from Indonesia against pathogenic Fusariumoxysporum and the correlation with capsaicin contents. Disease resistance was examined by determination of the Disease Severity Index (DSI) 15 dpi (days post inoculation). The correlation was analyzed by the regression coefficient. The result showed that the most resistance cultivar against F. oxysporum was Branang, while Lembang-1displayed the contrary. There was not a correlation of capsaicin content with the chili resistance to F. oxysporum.

scholarly journals Viabilitas dan Virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense yang Dipreservasi dengan Liofilisasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Iqna Khayatina Rusli ◽  
Arif Wibowo ◽  
Christanti Sumardiyono
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Disease Severity Index ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Very High

Wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is still pose as  constraint  to banana production  all over the world. The objective of this research was to examine the viability and virulence of Foc isolates which had been preserved with lyophilization for 18 years. The experiment used 19 isolates of Foc, which were Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidogede, Sidatan, Kemiri, Juwangen, A-17, A-11, PS-5, B4-3-1, Fo2.16.16., PS-10, A-2, and Irja. The results showed that 12 isolates could grow well on PDA medium, namely Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidatan, Juwangen, PS-5, B4-3-1, and Fo2.16.16. Meanwhile, seven isolates (Sidogede, Kemiri, A-17, A-11, PS-10, A-2, and Irja) could not grow or develop on PDA medium. The result of pathogenicity test showed that six tested Foc isolates had  very high virulences, with disease severity index of about 2.14–2.71. Other three isolates revealed high virulences with disease severity index around 2.01–2.07. Meanwhile, another three less virulent isolates demonstrated disease severity index in the range of 1.39–1.67. Intisari Penyakit layu yang disebabkan oleh jamur Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cubense (Foc) masih menjadi kendala dalam produksi pisang di seluruh dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji viabilitas dan virulensi isolat Foc yang telah dipreservasi dengan liofilisasi selama 18 tahun. Penelitian menggunakan 19 isolat Foc yaitu Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidogede, Sidatan, Kemiri, Juwangen, A-17, A-11, PS-5, B4-3-1, Fo2.16.16., PS-10, A-2, dan Irja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 12 isolat Foc mampu tumbuh dengan baik pada medium PDA yaitu Pekulo, Sukorejo, Kali Sepanjang, Kalibaru, Purwojoyo, Prembun, Mulyosari, Sidatan, Juwangen, PS-5, B4-3-1, dan Fo2.16.16. 7 isolat tidak mampu tumbuh pada medium PDA yaitu Sidogede, Kemiri, A-17, A-11, PS-10, A-2, dan Irja. Enam isolat Foc yang diuji memiliki virulensi sangat tinggi dengan indeks keparahan penyakit berkisar antara 2,14–2,71. Tiga isolat yang lain memiliki virulensi tinggi dengan indeks keparahan penyakit berkisar antara 2,01–2,07. Sedangkan 3 isolat lainnya memiliki virulensi yang lebih rendah dengan indeks keparahan penyakit berkisar antara 1,39–1,67. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document