Sensing, Uptake and Catabolism of L-Phenylalanine During 2-Phenylethanol Biosynthesis via the Ehrlich Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2-Phenylethanol (2-PE) is an important flavouring ingredient with a persistent rose-like odour, and it has been widely utilized in food, perfume, beverages, and medicine. Due to the potential existence of toxic byproducts in 2-PE resulting from chemical synthesis, the demand for “natural” 2-PE through biotransformation is increasing. L-Phenylalanine (L-Phe) is used as the precursor for the biosynthesis of 2-PE through the Ehrlich pathway by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The regulation of L-Phe metabolism in S. cerevisiae is complicated and elaborate. We reviewed current progress on the signal transduction pathways of L-Phe sensing, uptake of extracellular L-Phe and 2-PE synthesis from L-Phe through the Ehrlich pathway. Moreover, the anticipated bottlenecks and future research directions for S. cerevisiae biosynthesis of 2-PE are discussed.

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Melatonin in plants: what we know and what we don’t

Food Quality and Safety ◽

10.1093/fqsafe/fyab009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Zixin Zhang ◽

Yang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Future Research ◽

Signal Transduction Pathways ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽

Research Directions ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Biosynthesis Regulation

Abstract Melatonin is an endogenous micromolecular compound of indoleamine with multiple physiological functions in various organisms. In plants, melatonin is involved in growth and development, as well as in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, melatonin functions in phytohormone-mediated signal transduction pathways. There are multiple melatonin biosynthesis pathways, and the melatonin content in plants is greatly affected by intrinsic genetic characteristics and external environmental factors. Although melatonin biosynthesis has been extensively studied in model plants, it remains uncharacterized in most plants. This article focuses on current knowledge on the biosynthesis, regulation and application of melatonin, particularly for fruit quality and preservation. In addition, it highlights the links between melatonin and other hormones, as well as future research directions.

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Wet-Chemical Synthesis and Applications of Semiconductor Nanomaterial-Based Epitaxial Heterostructures

Nano-Micro Letters ◽

10.1007/s40820-019-0317-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Junze Chen ◽

Qinglang Ma ◽

Xue-Jun Wu ◽

Liuxiao Li ◽

Jiawei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Synthesis ◽

Future Research ◽

Growth Mechanisms ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Research Directions ◽

Wet Chemical Synthesis ◽

The Future ◽

Future Research Directions ◽

Wet Chemical ◽

Epitaxial Heterostructures

Abstract Semiconductor nanomaterial-based epitaxial heterostructures with precisely controlled compositions and morphologies are of great importance for various applications in optoelectronics, thermoelectrics, and catalysis. Until now, various kinds of epitaxial heterostructures have been constructed. In this minireview, we will first introduce the synthesis of semiconductor nanomaterial-based epitaxial heterostructures by wet-chemical methods. Various architectures based on different kinds of seeds or templates are illustrated, and their growth mechanisms are discussed in detail. Then, the applications of epitaxial heterostructures in optoelectronics, catalysis, and thermoelectrics are described. Finally, we provide some challenges and personal perspectives for the future research directions of semiconductor nanomaterial-based epitaxial heterostructures.

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