scholarly journals Strategies to Overcome Intermediate Accumulation During in situ Nitrate Remediation in Groundwater by Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Duffner ◽  
Anja Wunderlich ◽  
Michael Schloter ◽  
Stefanie Schulz ◽  
Florian Einsiedl
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Groundwater Systems ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Stimulation Of

Bioremediation of polluted groundwater is one of the most difficult actions in environmental science. Nonetheless, the clean-up of nitrate polluted groundwater may become increasingly important as nitrate concentrations frequently exceed the EU drinking water limit of 50 mg L–1, largely due to intensification of agriculture and food production. Denitrifiers are natural catalysts that can reduce increasing nitrogen loading of aquatic ecosystems. Porous aquifers with high nitrate loading are largely electron donor limited and additionally, high dissolved oxygen concentrations are known to reduce the efficiency of denitrification. Therefore, denitrification lag times (time prior to commencement of microbial nitrate reduction) up to decades were determined for such groundwater systems. The stimulation of autotrophic denitrifiers by the injection of hydrogen into nitrate polluted regional groundwater systems may represent a promising remediation strategy for such environments. However, besides high costs other drawbacks, such as the transient or lasting accumulation of the cytotoxic intermediate nitrite or the formation of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide, have been described. In this article, we detect causes of incomplete denitrification, which include environmental factors and physiological characteristics of the underlying bacteria and provide possible mitigation approaches.

scholarly journals The MEDESS-GIB database: tracking the Atlantic water inflow

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 863-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Sotillo ◽  
E. Garcia-Ladona ◽  
A. Orfila ◽  
P. Rodríguez-Rubio ◽  
J. C. Maraver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Science ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Strait Of Gibraltar ◽  
Surface Circulation ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Code Type ◽  
The Eu

Abstract. On 9 September 2014, an intensive drifter deployment was carried out in the Strait of Gibraltar. In the frame of the EU MED Program MEDESS-4MS, the MEDESS-GIB experiment consisted of the deployment of 35 satellite tracked drifters, mostly of CODE-type, equipped with temperature sensor sampling at a rate of 30 min. Drifters were distributed along and on both sides of the Strait of Gibraltar. The MEDESS-GIB deployment plan was designed as to ensure quasi-synoptic spatial coverage. To this end, 4 boats covering an area of about 680 NM2 in 6 h were coordinated. As far as authors know, this experiment is the most important exercise in the area in terms of number of drifters released. Collected satellite-tracked data along drifter trajectories have been quality controlled and processed to build the here presented MEDESS-GIB database. This paper reports the MEDESS-GIB dataset that comprises drifter trajectories, derived surface currents and in situ SST measurements collected along the buoys tracks. This series of data is available through the PANGAEA (Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science) repository, with the following doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.853701. Likewise, the MEDESS-GIB data will be incorporated as part of the Copernicus Marine historical products. The MEDESS-GIB dataset provides a complete Lagrangian view of the surface inflow of Atlantic waters through the Strait of Gibraltar and thus, very useful data for further studies on the surface circulation patterns in the Alboran Sea, and their links with one of the most energetic Mediterranean Sea flows: the Algerian Current.

scholarly journals Development of the Circular Bioeconomy: Drivers and Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Maximilian Kardung ◽  
Kutay Cingiz ◽  
Ortwin Costenoble ◽  
Roel Delahaye ◽  
Wim Heijman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Stakeholder Consultation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The EU’s 2018 Bioeconomy Strategy Update and the European Green Deal recently confirmed that the bioeconomy is high on the political agenda in Europe. Here, we propose a conceptual analysis framework for quantifying and analyzing the development of the EU bioeconomy. The bioeconomy has several related concepts (e.g., bio-based economy, green economy, and circular economy) and there are clear synergies between these concepts, especially between the bioeconomy and circular economy concepts. Analyzing the driving factors provides important information for monitoring activities. We first derive the scope of the bioeconomy framework in terms of bioeconomy sectors and products to be involved, the needed geographical coverage and resolution, and time period. Furthermore, we outline a set of indicators linked to the objectives of the EU’s bioeconomy strategy. In our framework, measuring developments will, in particular, focus on the bio-based sectors within the bioeconomy as biomass and food production is already monitored. The selected indicators commit to the EU Bioeconomy Strategy objectives and conform with findings from previous studies and stakeholder consultation. Additionally, several new indicators have been suggested and they are related to measuring the impact of changes in supply, demand drivers, resource availability, and policies on sustainability goals.

scholarly journals An intelligent management system for aquaponics

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Divas Karimanzira ◽  
Thomas Rauschenbach
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Water Recirculation ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Intelligent Management ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Aquaculture Production ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Population rise, climate change, soil degradation, water scarcity, and food security require efficient and sustainable food production. Aquaponics is a highly efficient way of farming and is becoming increasingly popular. However, large scale aquaponics still lack stability, standardization and proof of economical profitability. The EU-INAPRO project helps to overcome these limitations by introducing digitization, enhanced technology, and developing standardized modular scalable solutions and demonstrating the viability of large aquaponics. INAPRO is based on an innovation a double water recirculation system (DRAPS), one for fish, and the other one for crops. In DRAPS, optimum conditions can be set up individually for fish and crops to increase productivity of both. Moreover, the integration of digital technologies and data management in the aquaculture production and processing systems will enable full traceability and transparency in the processes, increasing consumers’ trust in aquaculture products. In this paper, the innovations and the digitization approach will be introduced and explained and the key benefits of the system will be emphasized.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF CERTAIN TOXIC SUBSTANCES IN BACTERIAL CULTURES ON THE MOVEMENT OF THE INTESTINES

1926 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Ecker ◽  
A. Rademaekers
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Propulsive Efficiency ◽  
Spasmodic Contraction ◽  
Strong Stimulation ◽  
Small Intestines ◽  
Slight Rise ◽  
Longitudinal Muscles ◽  
Stimulation Of

Following intravenous injection, filtrates of young cultures of B. paratyphosus B often produce marked diarrhea in rabbits. A study was made of the effect of these toxic filtrates on the motility of the small intestines of the rabbit. The observations were made on a segment of the small intestines in situ, and in the living animal. It was found that an immediate slight rise of tone of the longitudinal muscles occurred following intravenous injection of sterile broth. The same rise was noted after the injection of the toxic filtrate; but with these it was followed later (10 minutes elapsing at least) by a very strong but gradual rise of the diastolic and systolic tone, i.e., by spasmodic contraction of the intestinal muscle, which persisted at times for as long as 2 hours. In order to record simultaneously the effect on the longitudinal and circular muscles, and the propulsive efficiency of the segment the Sollmann and Rademaekers modification of Baur's technique was employed. This arrangement showed that the stimulation of the longitudinal muscles is accompanied by a similarly strong stimulation of the circular muscles, by peristalsis, and therefore by a greatly increased propulsion of intestinal contents which was sufficient to overcome the inhibition that usually occurs after preparation of the animal. With this arrangement an instance of peristaltic spasm was also noted. Broth alone failed to produce the phenomenon. Isotonic magnesium chloride or sulfate added to the bath relaxed the muscles again. Animals under deep urethane anesthesia did not show the diarrhea occurring in the intact controls, but sometimes exhibited it after the effect of the anesthetic had disappeared. So far no effects have been observed on the isolated strip (Magnus method), and further studies are being made to localize the effect, to neutralize it with a specific antiserum, and to observe the effect of filtrates of other members of the bacterial group including the dysentery bacilli.

scholarly journals Exploring economic and legal barriers to commercial aquaponics in the EU through the lens of the UK and policy proposals to address them

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Cammies ◽  
David Mytton ◽  
Rosemary Crichton
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Organic Certification ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Economic Barriers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

AbstractAquaponics is a food production system which connects recirculating aquaculture (fish) to hydroponics (plants) systems. Although aquaponics has the potential to improve soil conditions by reducing erosion and nutrient loss and has been shown to reduce food production related carbon emissions by up to 73%, few commercial aquaponics projects in the EU and UK have been successful. Key barriers to commercial success are insufficient initial investment, an uncertain and complex regulatory environment, and the lack of projects operating on a large scale able to demonstrate profitability. In this paper, we use the UK as a case study to discuss the legal and economic barriers to the success of commercial aquaponics in the EU. We also propose three policies: (1) making aquaponics eligible for the new system of Environmental Land Management grants; (2) making aquaponics eligible for organic certification; and (3) clarifying and streamlining the aquaponics licence application process. The UK’s departure from the EU presents a unique opportunity to review agricultural regulations and subsidies, which in turn could provide evidence that similar reforms are needed in the EU.

Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Studies of GaN Epilayers Doped in situ with Er and Eu During Molecular Beam Epitaxy

2003 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Katchkanov ◽  
J. F. W. Mosselmans ◽  
S. Dalmasso ◽  
K. P. O'Donnell ◽  
R. W. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Local Structure ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorption Fine ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
The Eu

ABSTRACTThe local structure around Er and Eu atoms introduced into GaN epilayers was studied by means of Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure above the appropriate rare-earth X-ray absorption edge. The samples were doped in situ during growth by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. The formation of ErN clusters was found in samples with high average Er concentrations of 32±6% and 12.4±0.8%, estimated by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray analysis. When the average Er concentration is decreased to 6.0±0.2%, 1.6±0.2% and 0.17±0.02%, Er is found in localised clusters of ErGaN phase with high local Er content. Similar behaviour is observed for Eu-doped samples. For an average Eu concentration of 30.5±0.5% clusters of pure EuN occur. Decreasing the Eu concentration to 10.4±0.5% leads to EuGaN clusters with high local Eu content. However, for a sample with an Eu concentration of 14.2±0.5% clustering of Eu was not observed.

scholarly journals Élelmiszertörténet: az 1900-1950-es évek

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 324-333
Author(s):  
Annamária Polgár ◽  
Erzsébet Mák
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Vacuum Packaging ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Agriculture And Food

For centuries, men were self-reliant and consumed typically the food produced on one’s own territory. With advancing Industrial Revolution, development started also in the agriculture and food production set on a large scale, with cheap mass products and companies could serve larger populations. Metropolitan life has adapted to cater to the growing crowds, with smaller stores slowly becoming supermarkets where everything could be found in the same place. Innovation efforts have also brought about the freezer, vacuum packaging or microwave, all of which made available to the public. Foods changed to be enriched with vitamins and minerals for a better nutrient supply, and packaging techniques followed this evolution. This study aims to look over the history of alimentation and the change of food production from the 1900s to the 1950s324including both World Wars respectively.

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