scholarly journals Genetic Plurality of OXA/NDM-Encoding Features Characterized From Enterobacterales Recovered From Czech Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Chudejova ◽  
Lucie Kraftova ◽  
Vittoria Mattioni Marchetti ◽  
Jaroslav Hrabak ◽  
Costas C. Papagiannitsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Genetic Environment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Previous Hospitalization

The aim of this study was to characterize four Enterobacterales co-producing NDM- and OXA-48-like carbapenemases from Czech patients with travel history or/and previous hospitalization abroad. Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates belonged to “high risk” clones ST147, ST11, and ST15, while the Escherichia coli isolate was assigned to ST167. All isolates expressed resistance against most β-lactams, including carbapenems, while retaining susceptibility to colistin. Furthermore, analysis of WGS data showed that all four isolates co-produced OXA-48- and NDM-type carbapenemases, in different combinations (Kpn47733: blaNDM–5 + blaOXA–181; Kpn50595: blaNDM–1 + blaOXA–181; Kpn51015: blaNDM–1 + blaOXA–244; Eco52418: blaNDM–5 + blaOXA–244). In Kpn51015, the blaOXA–244 was found on plasmid p51015_OXA-244, while the respective gene was localized in the chromosomal contig of E. coli Eco52418. On the other hand, blaOXA–181 was identified on a ColKP3 plasmid in isolate Kpn47733, while a blaOXA–181-carrying plasmid being an IncX3-ColKP3 fusion was identified in Kpn50595. The blaNDM–1 gene was found on two different plasmids, p51015_NDM-1 belonging to a novel IncH plasmid group and p51015_NDM-1 being an IncFK1-FIB replicon. Furthermore, the blaNDM–5 was found in two IncFII plasmids exhibiting limited nucleotide similarity to each other. In both plasmids, the genetic environment of blaNDM–5 was identical. Finally, in all four carbapenemase-producing isolates, a diverse number of additional replicons, some of these associated with important resistance determinants, like blaCTX–M–15, arr-2 and ermB, were identified. In conclusion, this study reports the first description of OXA-244-producing Enterobacterales isolated from Czech hospitals. Additionally, our findings indicated the genetic plurality involved in the acquisition and dissemination of determinants encoding OXA/NDM carbapenemases.

scholarly journals Ceftazidime-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli Isolates Producing TEM-10 and TEM-43 β-Lactamases from St. Louis, Missouri

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1671-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjun Yang ◽  
Niraja Bhachech ◽  
Patricia A. Bradford ◽  
Bradley D. Jett ◽  
Daniel F. Sahm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Jewish Hospital ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACT Ceftazidime-resistant Escherichia coli andKlebsiella pneumoniae (49 and 102 isolates, respectively) were collected from Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Mo., from 1992 to 1996. They were uniformly resistant to ceftazidime, generally resistant to aztreonam, and variably susceptible to cefotaxime. Four representative E. coli strains and 15Klebsiella strains were examined. From one to four β-lactamases were produced per strain, with three possible enzymes related to ceftazidime resistance: enzymes with pI values of 5.6, 6.1, or 7.6. By pulsed-field gel electrophoresis there were at least 13 different Klebsiella strain types and 3 different E. coli strain types, indicating that the outbreak was not clonal. After cloning and sequencing of the β-lactamase-encoding genes, the enzyme with a pI of 5.6 was identified as TEM-10. The enzyme with a pI of 6.1 was a novel TEM variant (TEM-43) with Lys at 104, His at 164, and Thr at 182. TEM-43 showed broad-spectrum hydrolytic activity against all penicillins, with the highest hydrolysis rate for ceftazidime compared to those for the other expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. Aztreonam was also a good substrate for TEM-43, with hydrolytic activity similar to that of ceftazidime and affinity higher than that of ceftazidime. The TEM-43 β-lactamase was well inhibited by clavulanic acid and tazobactam at concentrations of <10 nM. Sulbactam was less effective than the other inhibitors. The Thr182 mutation previously reported in an inhibitor-resistant β-lactamase did not cause the TEM-43 enzyme to become resistant to any of the inhibitors.

Bacteria and Virus Removal from Secondary Effluent in Sand and Red Mud Columns

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goen E. Ho ◽  
Robyn A. Gibbs ◽  
Kuruvilla Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Virus Removal ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Other Hand

Column experiments were conducted to determine the improvement in the removal of Escherichia coli, Salmonella adelaide and poliovirus-1 through sands by amendment with bauxite refining residue. The residue (red mud) was neutralized using 5 % gypsum and incorporated to form 30% of the amended sands. In 65 cm long soil columns the removal of the three organisms in the amended sand columns was excellent with over seven orders of magnitude reduction in concentration. Removal in unamended sands was poor. From breakthrough curves in unamended sand columns filtration, die-off and adsorption all appear to play a role in organism removal. The results also show that E. coli can be used as an indicator for contamination, though S.adelaide was less efficiently removed than E. coli. Poliovirus was on the other hand better removed than E. coli.

scholarly journals Urine Microbial Landscape in Children with Urinary Tract Infections in Ryazan and Ryazan Region

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
N.A. Belykh ◽  
◽  
S.V. Tereschenko ◽  
N.A. Anikeeva ◽  
S.S. Kantutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Tract Infections

Study Objective: To study a spectrum of uropathogens and their sensitivity to antimicrobials in urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children in Ryazan and Ryazan Region. Study Design: retrospective study. Materials and Methods. We conducted a retrospective local laboratory monitoring of urinary microflora and analysed its sensitivity to antimicrobials in 111 patients aged 2 months to 17 years old who were undergoing traditional UI therapy in 2020. The study group comprised 75 (67.6%) girls and 36 (32.4%) boys. Pathogen isolation and type identification were performed using urine specimens collected in sterile disposable plastic containers prior to antimicrobial therapy. Material was delivered for analysis within 2 hours from collection. For testing of pathogen sensitivity to antimicrobials, we used the phenotyping diffusion test and an analytical test for carbapenems inactivation. Study Results. Prevailing causative agents of UIs were Escherichia coli (50.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.4%). Resistance determinants were found in 9.0% and 2.7% of Е. соli and K. pneumoniae urological strains, respectively. The main mechanism of resistivity was production of wide spectrum plasmid β-lactamases. The highest activity in E. coli was demonstrated by generation III–IV cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fosfomicin (100%), nitrofurantoin (91.3%), and aminopenicillins (76.1–86.9%). For K. pneumoniae, generation III–IV cephalosporins and aminoglycosides were most potent (100%). All resistant pathogens were sensitive to cefoperazone sulbactam, meropenem, imipenem, aminoglycosides (100%); tigecycline, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomicin were most potent against E. coli. Conclusion. Children with UIs in Ryazan Region had mostly gram-negative bacteria in their urine (85.6%), Enterobacteralеs (81.1%) being a prevailing type. Antimicrobials resistance determinants were quite rare (17.8%) in these urine isolates; all of them were class A ЕSBL producers. These characteristic features of antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic enterobacteria strains allow using β-lactam antibiotics in empiric initial treatment and emphasising the need in patient-specific selection of antimicrobials. Keywords: antibacterial therapy, antibiotic resistance, children, urinary tract infections, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Fosfomycin Resistance among CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates in Japan and Identification of Novel Plasmid-Mediated Fosfomycin-Modifying Enzymes

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 3061-3064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-ichi Wachino ◽  
Kunikazu Yamane ◽  
Satowa Suzuki ◽  
Kouji Kimura ◽  
Yoshichika Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fosfomycin Resistance

ABSTRACT We evaluated the in vitro activity of fosfomycin against a total of 192 CTX-M β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated in 70 Japanese clinical settings. Most of the isolates (96.4%) were found to be susceptible to fosfomycin. On the other hand, some of the resistant isolates were confirmed to harbor the novel transferable fosfomycin resistance determinants named FosA3 and FosC2, which efficaciously inactivate fosfomycin through glutathione S-transferase activity.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Antagonists of Ca2+, Na+, and K+ on Chemotaxis and Motility ofEscherichia coli

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (17) ◽  
pp. 4856-4861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis S. Tisa ◽  
Jeff J. Sekelsky ◽  
Julius Adler
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Chemotaxis ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ofescherichia Coli ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Tetraethylammonium Chloride ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Nanomolar Range

ABSTRACT Various Ca2+ antagonists used in animal research, many of them known to be Ca2+ channel blockers, inhibitedEscherichia coli chemotaxis (measured as entry of cells into a capillary containing attractant). The most effective of these, acting in the nanomolar range, was ω-conotoxin GVIA. The next most effective were gallopamil and verapamil. At concentrations around 100-fold higher than that needed for inhibition of chemotaxis, each of these antagonists inhibited motility (measured as entry of cells into a capillary lacking attractant). Various other Ca2+antagonists were less effective, though chemotaxis was almost always more sensitive to inhibition than was motility. Cells treated with each of these Ca2+ antagonists swam with a running bias, i.e., tumbling was inhibited. Similarly, some Na+ antagonists used in animal research inhibited bacterial chemotaxis. E. coli chemotaxis was inhibited by saxitoxin at concentrations above 10−7 M, while more than 10−4 M was needed to inhibit motility. Cells treated with saxitoxin swam with a tumbling bias. In the case of other Na+ antagonists in animals, aconitine inhibited bacterial chemotaxis 10 times more effectively than it inhibited motility, and two others inhibited chemotaxis and motility at about the same concentration. In the case of K+ antagonists used in animal research, 4-aminopyridine blocked E. coli chemotaxis between 10−3 M and, totally, 10−2 M, while motility was not affected at 10−2 M; on the other hand, tetraethylammonium chloride failed to inhibit either chemotaxis or motility at 10−2 M.

Dissemination of NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli high-risk clones in Catalan healthcare institutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Marí-Almirall ◽  
Clara Cosgaya ◽  
Cristina Pitart ◽  
Joaquim Viñes ◽  
Laura Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Gradient Diffusion ◽  
Oxford Nanopore ◽  
Clonal Spread

Abstract Objectives To characterize the clonal spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates between different healthcare institutions in Catalonia, Spain. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by disc diffusion. MICs were determined by gradient diffusion or broth microdilution. Carbapenemase production was confirmed by lateral flow. PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to identify the allelic variants of resistance genes. Clonality studies were performed by PFGE and MLST. Plasmid typing, conjugation assays, S1-PFGE plus Southern blotting and MinION Oxford Nanopore sequencing were used to characterize resistance plasmids. Results Twenty-nine carbapenem-resistant isolates recovered from three healthcare institutions between January and November 2016 were included: 14 K. pneumoniae isolates from a tertiary hospital in the south of Catalonia (hospital A); 2 K. pneumoniae isolates from a nearby healthcare centre; and 12 K. pneumoniae isolates and 1 E. coli isolate from a tertiary hospital in Barcelona (hospital B). The majority of isolates were resistant to all antimicrobial agents, except colistin, and all were NDM producers. PFGE identified a major K. pneumoniae clone (n = 27) belonging to ST147 and co-producing NDM-1 and CTX-M-15, with a few isolates also harbouring blaOXA-48. Two sporadic isolates of K. pneumoniae ST307 and E. coli ST167 producing NDM-7 were also identified. blaNDM-1 was carried in two related IncR plasmid populations and blaNDM-7 in a conjugative 50 kb IncX3 plasmid. Conclusions We report the inter-hospital dissemination of XDR high-risk clones of K. pneumoniae and E. coli associated with the carriage of small, transferable plasmids harbouring blaNDM genes.

P1 bacteriophage and tellurite sensitivity in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Tomás ◽  
Miguel Regué ◽  
Ramón Parés ◽  
Juan Jofre ◽  
William W. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Protein S ◽  
The Other ◽  
E Coli ◽  
P1 Receptor ◽  
Spontaneous Mutants

Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli respond inversely toward P1 bacteriophage or [Formula: see text]. Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to both antagonists and E. coli is sensitive. However, P1 cmts lysogens (P1 cmts resistant) of K. pneumoniae became sensitive to tellurite and when cured from P1 cmts regained resistance. Escherichia coli spontaneous mutants selected for resistance to either P1 or [Formula: see text] were collaterally resistant to the other. As well, [Formula: see text] enhanced the adsorption of P1 vir to both E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Several outer membrane proteins were enhanced in the K. pneumoniae lysogens and were reduced in E. coli lysogens; one of which was the same molecular weight (77 000) in both bacteria. When partially purified it enhanced the plaque efficiency of P1 vir. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli C600 inactivated P1 vir, but neither the P1 lysogens nor LPS derived from the lysogens inactivated P1 vir. Escherichia coli P1 lysogens produced only heptose-deficient LPS. It is suggested that both LPS and outer membrane protein(s) comprise the P1 receptor. [Formula: see text] may interact with one or both components.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterizaton of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli from hospital, dairy and student hall wastes

2013 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Nazmun Naher ◽  
Md Zobaidul Alam ◽  
AM Masudul Azad Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hospital Wastes ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin

In this investigation a total of 31 isolates of E. coli were isolated randomly from different samples to analyze the resistance pattern to the most frequently used antibiotics. Among these 31 isolates 17 were isolated from hospital, 9 from student hall and 5 from dairy farm wastes. The isolates from hospital wastes showed 100% resistance to ciprofloxacin and ampicillin, 94% to penicillin, 76% to tetracycline, 41% to gentamicin and 35% to chloramphenicol. In contrast, the isolates from dairy farm wastes showed 100% resistance to penicillin and ampicillin, 80% to ciprofloxacin, and 40% to tetracycline. On the other hand, among the isolates of hall wastes 66% showed resistance to penicillin and ampicillin, 55% against ciprofloxacin and 44% to tetracycline. However all the isolates of dairy farm and hall wastes were sensitive to gentamicin and chloramphenicol. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v5i1.13366 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 5(1 &2):19-25, 2010

scholarly journals Modification of Sorbitol MacConkey Medium Containing Cefixime and Tellurite for Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from Radish Sprouts

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 3117-3118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiko Fujisawa ◽  
Shin Sata ◽  
Katsuhiro Aikawa ◽  
Takanori Takahashi ◽  
Shiro Yamai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
The Other ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Radish Sprouts

ABSTRACT A modified version of sorbitol MacConkey medium containing cefixime and tellurite (CT-SMAC medium) was produced by adding salicin and 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-d-galactopyranoside to CT-SMAC medium; this medium was designated CT-SSMAC medium and was used to isolate Escherichia coli O157:H7 from radish sprouts. Of 101 non-E. coli bacteria isolated from radish sprouts that produced colorless colonies similar to colonies of E. coliO157:H7 grown on CT-SMAC medium, 92 (91%) formed colonies that were red to pink or were β-galactosidase negative and colorless on CT-SSMAC medium. On the other hand, colonies of E. coliO157:H7 strains were colorless and β-galactosidase positive on CT-SSMAC medium. Our results suggest that CT-SSMAC medium is more selective than CT-SMAC medium for isolating E. coliO157:H7.

scholarly journals Genetic Features ofblaNDM-1-Positive Enterobacteriaceae

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 5403-5407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Laurent Dortet ◽  
Sandrine Bernabeu ◽  
Patrice Nordmann
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Providencia Stuartii

ABSTRACTGenetic features associated with theblaNDM-1gene were investigated in 6Escherichia coli, 7Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1Citrobacter freundii, 1Proteus mirabilis, and 1Providencia stuartiiisolate of worldwide origin. Clonal diversity was observed for bothE. coliandK. pneumoniae. TheblaNDM-1gene was carried by different plasmid types (IncA/C, IncF, IncL/M, or untypeable) and was likely chromosome borne in two isolates. TheblaNDM-1plasmids coharbored a variety of resistance determinants, including β-lactamase genes, quinolone resistance genes, and 16S RNA methylase genes.

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