scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a Novel Aminoglycoside 3''-Nucleotidyltransferase, ANT(3'')-IId, From Acinetobacter lwoffii

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialei Liang ◽  
Kexin Zhou ◽  
Qiaoling Li ◽  
Xu Dong ◽  
Peiyao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Enzyme Kinetic Parameter ◽  
Animal Farm ◽  
Sequence Characteristics ◽  
Identification And Characterization

A novel plasmid-encoded aminoglycoside 3''-nucleotidyltransferase ANT(3")-IId, was discovered in Acinetobacter lwoffi strain H7 isolated from a chick on an animal farm in Wenzhou, China. The whole-genome of A. lwoffii H7 consisted of one chromosome and five plasmids (pH7-250, pH7-108, pH7-68, pH7-48, and pH7-11). ant(3")-IId was identified as being encoded on pH7-250, sharing the highest amino acid identity of 50.64% with a function-known resistance gene, ant(3")-IIb (KB849358.1). Susceptibility testing and enzyme kinetic parameter analysis were conducted to determine the function of the aminoglycoside 3"-nucleotidyltransferase. The ant(3")-IId gene conferred resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin [the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels of both increased 16-fold compared with the control strain]. Consistent with the MIC data, kinetic analysis revealed a narrow substrate profile including spectinomycin and streptomycin, with Kcat/Km ratios of 4.99 and 4.45×103M−1 S−1, respectively. Sequencing analysis revealed that the ant(3")-IId gene was associated with insertion sequences (IS) element [ΔISAba14-ΔISAba14-hp-orf-orf-orf1-ant(3")-IId], and ant(3")-IId were identified in plasmids from various Acinetobacter species. This study of the novel aminoglycoside 3"-nucleotidyltranferase ANT(3")-IId helps us further understand the functional and sequence characteristics of aminoglycoside 3"-nucleotidyltranferases, highlights the risk of resistance gene transfer among Acinetobacter species and suggests that attention should be given to the emergence of new aminoglycoside 3"-nucleotidyltranferase genes.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of novel porcine astroviruses (PAstVs) with high prevalence and frequent co-infection of individual pigs with multiple PAstV types

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Ting Xiao ◽  
Luis G. Giménez-Lirola ◽  
Priscilla F. Gerber ◽  
Yong-Hou Jiang ◽  
Patrick G. Halbur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Extraintestinal Manifestations ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Sequence Identities

Many astrovirus (AstV) species are associated with enteric disease, although extraintestinal manifestations in mammalian and avian hosts have also been described. In this study, the prevalence rates of porcine AstV types 1–5 (PAstV1–PAstV5) were investigated using faecal samples from 509 pigs of which 488 (95.9 %) came from farms with a history of diarrhoea. All of the five known PAstV types were found to circulate in pigs in the USA, and co-infection of a single pig with two or more PAstV types was frequently observed. A high overall prevalence of 64.0 % (326/509) of PAstV RNA-positive samples was detected, with 97.2 % (317/326) of the PAstV RNA-positive pigs infected with PAstV4. Further genomic sequencing and characterization of the selected isolates revealed low sequence identities (49.2–89.0 %) with known PAstV strains, indicating novel types or genotypes of PAstV2, PAstV4 and PAstV5. Some new features of the genomes of the PAstVs were also discovered. The first complete genome of a PAstV3 isolate was obtained and showed identities of 50.5–55.3 % with mink AstV and the novel human AstVs compared with 38.4–42.7 % with other PAstV types. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PAstV1, PAstV2 and PAstV3 were more closely related to AstVs from humans and other animals than to each other, indicating past cross-species transmission and the zoonotic potential of these PAstVs.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of two novel genomic RNA segments of fig mosaic virus, RNA5 and RNA6

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 1612-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Ishikawa ◽  
Kensaku Maejima ◽  
Ken Komatsu ◽  
Yugo Kitazawa ◽  
Masayoshi Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Genomic Rna ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Fig Mosaic Virus ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Fig mosaic virus (FMV), a negative-strand RNA virus, is recognized as a causal agent of fig mosaic disease. We performed RT-PCR for 14 FMV isolates collected from symptomatic fig plants in Japan and Serbia using primers corresponding to the conserved 13 nt stretches found at the termini of FMV genomic segments. The resulting simultaneous amplification of all FMV genomic segments yielded four previously identified segments of FMV and two novel segments. These novel FMV genomic RNA segments were found in each of the 14 FMV isolates analysed. In Northern blot studies, both the sense and antisense strands of these novel RNA molecules accumulated in FMV-infected fig leaves but not in uninfected fig leaves, confirming that they replicate as FMV genomic segments. Sequence analysis showed that the novel RNA segments are similar, in their structural organization and molecular evolutionary patterns, to those of known FMV genomic RNA segments. Our findings thus indicate that these newly discovered RNA segments are previously unidentified FMV genomic segments, which we have designated RNA5 and RNA6.

scholarly journals Mycoparasitic antagonism of a Trichoderma harzianum strain isolated from banana plants in Oaxaca, Mexico

Biotecnia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Ana Claudia Sánchez-Espinosa ◽  
José Luis Villarruel-Ordaz ◽  
Luis David Maldonado Bonilla
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Biocontrol Potential ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Bananas are important crops in developing countries with tropical climate. In Mexico, the banana production has increased, and it must be guaranteed. The Panama disease, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense threatens the current banana production, for what is necessary to implement methods to protect this crop. Fungi from genus Trichoderma are natural residents of the rhizosphere. This genus comprises mycoparasite species used to control diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi, and also benefit plant development. In this report, we present data of the identification and characterization of the novel strain Trichoderma harzianum M110 that displays antagonism and biocontrol potential in laboratory conditions. Exploration of the rhizosphere and the endophytic microbial communities might help to identify microbes adapted to banana plants that can be incorporated in organic biological control formulations that ensure production of Fusarium-free plants and healthy fruits with export quality.

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