Airborne Bacterial Community Composition According to Their Origin in Tenerife, Canary Islands

Microorganisms are ubiquitous in the environment, and the atmosphere is no exception. However, airborne bacterial communities are some of the least studied. Increasing our knowledge about these communities and how environmental factors shape them is key to understanding disease outbreaks and transmission routes. We describe airborne bacterial communities at two different sites in Tenerife, La Laguna (urban, 600 m.a.s.l.) and Izaña (high mountain, 2,400 m.a.s.l.), and how they change throughout the year. Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to target 16S rRNA genes in 293 samples. Results indicated a predominance of Proteobacteria at both sites (>65%), followed by Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Gammaproteobacteria were the most frequent within the Proteobacteria phylum during spring and winter, while Alphaproteobacteria dominated in the fall and summer. Within the 519 genera identified, Cellvibrio was the most frequent during spring (35.75%) and winter (30.73%); Limnobacter (24.49%) and Blastomonas (19.88%) dominated in the summer; and Sediminibacterium represented 10.26 and 12.41% of fall and winter samples, respectively. Sphingomonas was also identified in 17.15% of the fall samples. These five genera were more abundant at the high mountain site, while other common airborne bacteria were more frequent at the urban site (Kocuria, Delftia, Mesorhizobium, and Methylobacterium). Diversity values showed different patterns for both sites, with higher values during the cooler seasons in Izaña, whereas the opposite was observed in La Laguna. Regarding wind back trajectories, Tropical air masses were significantly different from African ones at both sites, showing the highest diversity and characterized by genera regularly associated with humans (Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, and Cloacibacterium), as well as others related to extreme conditions (Alicyclobacillus) or typically associated with animals (Lachnospiraceae). Marine and African air masses were consistent and very similar in their microbial composition. By contrast, European trajectories were dominated by Cellvibrio, Pseudomonas, Pseudoxanthomonas, and Sediminibacterium. These data contribute to our current state of knowledge in the field of atmospheric microbiology. However, future studies are needed to increase our understanding of the influence of different environmental factors on atmospheric microbial dispersion and the potential impact of airborne microorganisms on ecosystems and public health.

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Native and invading yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) microbiomes differ in composition and diversity of bacteria

10.1101/119917 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Patricia Lu-Irving ◽

Julia Harenčár ◽

Hailey Sounart ◽

Shana R Welles ◽

Sarah M Swope ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Communities ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Microbial Interactions ◽

Invasion Success ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

List Type ◽

Plant Genotype ◽

Yellow Starthistle

SUMMARYInvasive species could benefit from introduction to locations with favorable species interactions. Microbiomes are an important source of interactions that vary across regions. We examine whether bacterial communities could explain more favorable microbial interactions in highly invasive populations of yellow starthistle.We sequenced amplicons of prokaryotic 16S rRNA genes to characterize bacterial community composition in the phyllosphere, ectorhizosphere, and endorhizosphere of plants from seven invading populations in California, USA and eight native populations in Europe. We tested for differentiation of microbiomes by geography, plant compartment, and plant genotype.Bacterial communities differed significantly between native and invaded ranges within plant compartments, with consistently lower diversity in plants from the invaded range. Genera containing known plant pathogens also showed lower diversity in invaded range plants. The diversity of bacteria in roots was positively correlated with plant genotype diversity within both ranges, but this relationship did not explain microbial differences between ranges.Our findings reveal changes in the composition and diversity of bacterial interactions in invading plants, consistent with observations of altered soil interactions in this invasion. These results call for further study of the sources of variation in microbiomes and the potential for bacteria to facilitate invasion success.

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Bacterial communities in Antarctic lichens

Antarctic Science ◽

10.1017/s0954102016000286 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 455-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Chae Haeng Park ◽

Kyung Mo Kim ◽

Ok-Sun Kim ◽

Gajin Jeong ◽

Soon Gyu Hong

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Communities ◽

Growth Form ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Distance Matrix ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Unifrac Distance ◽

Microbial Community Structures ◽

Crustose Lichens

AbstractTo date, many studies surveying the bacterial communities in lichen thalli from diverse geographical areas have shown that Alphaproteobacteria is the predominant bacterial class in most lichens. In this study, bacterial communities in several Antarctic lichens with different growth form and substrates were analysed. The bacterial community composition in fruticose and foliose lichens, Cladonia, Umbilicaria and Usnea, and crustose lichens, Buelia granulosa, Amandinea coniops and Ochrolechia parella, from King George Island was analysed by pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Results showed that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were predominant phyla. The predominant bacterial class in most of the samples was Alphaproteobacteria. Acetobacteriaceae of the order Rhodospiralles in Alphaproteobacteria was the most abundant bacterial family in Antarctic lichens. The LAR1 lineage of the order Rhizobiales, a putative N-fixer which has been frequently observed in lichens from temperate areas, was detected only from a few samples at low frequency. It is expected that other bacterial taxa are working as N-fixers in Antarctic lichens. From the PCoA analysis of the Fast UniFrac distance matrix, it was proposed that the microbial community structures in Antarctic lichens were affected by host species, growth form and substrates.

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Impacts of different salinities on bacterial biofilm communities in fresh water

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/cjm-2013-0808 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 319-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Lei Zhang ◽

Guang Gao ◽

Xiangming Tang ◽

Keqiang Shao

Keyword(s):

Fresh Water ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Bacterial Biofilm ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Bacterial Biofilms ◽

Biofilm Growth ◽

Metabolic Characteristics ◽

Attached Bacteria

Natural and anthropogenic salinization continuously impacts inland aquatic ecosystems. Associated bacterial biofilms respond rapidly to environmental conditions and are potential bioindicators for changes in water quality. This study evaluates the effects of different salinity concentrations (0.3‰–10‰) on bacterial biofilms communities grown in fresh water from Lake Bosten. Bacterial communities associated with biofilms were analyzed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and clone library analyses of 16S rRNA genes. Results indicated that the attached bacterial community composition (ABCC) changed over several weeks of biofilm growth, but all followed similar bacterial successional trends in the different salinity groups. Detailed analysis showed the following. (i) ABCC did not differ (P > 0.05) in the low-salinity groups (0.3‰–3.5‰), which may be related to the lower osmotic pressure and the shorter time scale (weeks) of their present habitats. (ii) There were significant differences between the oligosaline (3.5‰) and saline (10‰) groups (P < 0.05). In particular, genus Flavobacterium became dominant in attached bacterial communities in the saline groups. The higher abundance of genus Flavobacterium was possibly due to the biological and metabolic characteristics of the bacteria. (iii) Some bacterial taxa can maintain the higher abundance within attached bacteria in the entire process of biofilms growth, such as the genera Hydrogenophaga and Methyloversatilis in Betaproteobacteria and the family Sphingomonadaceae in Alphaproteobacteria. These data suggested that the bacterial successional trends within biofilms seem almost unaffected by salinity (0.3‰–10‰), but ABCC in saline groups (10‰) are notably changed.

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Links between Plant and Rhizoplane Bacterial Communities in Grassland Soils, Characterized Using Molecular Techniques

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.71.11.6784-6792.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (11) ◽

pp. 6784-6792 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

Naoise Nunan ◽

Timothy J. Daniell ◽

Brajesh K. Singh ◽

Artemis Papert ◽

James W. McNicol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Community Composition ◽

Plant Species ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Grassland Soils

ABSTRACT Molecular analysis of grassland rhizosphere soil has demonstrated complex and diverse bacterial communities, with resultant difficulties in detecting links between plant and bacterial communities. These studies have, however, analyzed “bulk” rhizosphere soil, rather than rhizoplane communities, which interact most closely with plants through utilization of root exudates. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that plant species was a major driver for bacterial rhizoplane community composition on individual plant roots. DNA extracted from individual roots was used to determine plant identity, by analysis of the plastid tRNA leucine (trnL) UAA gene intron, and plant-related bacterial communities. Bacterial communities were characterized by analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes using two fingerprinting methods: terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Links between plant and bacterial rhizoplane communities could not be detected by visual examination of T-RFLP patterns or DGGE banding profiles. Statistical analysis of fingerprint patterns did not reveal a relationship between bacterial community composition and plant species but did demonstrate an influence of plant community composition. The data also indicated that topography and other, uncharacterized, environmental factors are important in driving bacterial community composition in grassland soils. T-RFLP had greater potential resolving power than DGGE, but findings from the two methods were not significantly different.

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Partitioning of Bacterial Communities between Seawater and Healthy, Black Band Diseased, and Dead Coral Surfaces

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.68.5.2214-2228.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 68 (5) ◽

pp. 2214-2228 ◽

Cited By ~ 298

Author(s):

Jorge Frias-Lopez ◽

Aubrey L. Zerkle ◽

George T. Bonheyo ◽

Bruce W. Fouke

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Coral Tissue ◽

Dead Coral ◽

Netherlands Antilles ◽

Southern Caribbean ◽

Black Band

ABSTRACT Distinct partitioning has been observed in the composition and diversity of bacterial communities inhabiting the surface and overlying seawater of three coral species infected with black band disease (BBD) on the southern Caribbean island of Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles. PCR amplification and sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes (rDNA) with universally conserved primers have identified over 524 unique bacterial sequences affiliated with 12 bacterial divisions. The molecular sequences exhibited less than 5% similarity in bacterial community composition between seawater and the healthy, black band diseased, and dead coral surfaces. The BBD bacterial mat rapidly migrates across and kills the coral tissue. Clone libraries constructed from the BBD mat were comprised of eight bacterial divisions and 13% unknowns. Several sequences representing bacteria previously found in other marine and terrestrial organisms (including humans) were isolated from the infected coral surfaces, including Clostridium spp., Arcobacter spp., Campylobacter spp., Cytophaga fermentans, Cytophaga columnaris, and Trichodesmium tenue.

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Secretory Antibodies Do Not Affect the Composition of the Bacterial Microbiota in the Terminal Ileum of 10-Week-Old Mice

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.69.4.2100-2109.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 2100-2109 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Leanne Sait ◽

Maja Galic ◽

Richard A. Strugnell ◽

Peter H. Janssen

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Small Animal ◽

Rflp Analysis ◽

Similarity Coefficient ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Pairwise Similarity ◽

Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽

Secretory Antibodies

ABSTRACT Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis was conducted on the 16S rRNA genes of the bacterial communities colonizing the epithelial surfaces of the terminal ilea of open conventionally housed mice in an institutional small-animal facility. Polymeric-immunoglobulin-receptor-deficient (pIgR−/−) mice that were unable to secrete antibodies across mucosal surfaces were cohoused with normal and otherwise genetically identical wild-type (C57BL/6) mice for 4 weeks. If secretory antibodies played a role in modeling the gastrointestinal microbiota, C57BL/6 mice would have had a more distinct and uniform microbiota than their pIgR−/− cage mates. The T-RFLP profiles of the bacterial communities were compared by using Sorensen's pairwise similarity coefficient, a newly developed weighted pairwise similarity coefficient, and on the basis of Shannon's and Simpson's diversity indices. No systematic differences were observed between the dominant components of the mucosa-associated bacterial communities of the terminal ileal walls of the two types of mice, indicating that secretory antibodies do not control the composition of this microbiota. Similar analyses of experiments conducted at two different times, between which the bacterial community composition of the mouse colony in the small-animal facility appeared to have changed, showed that differences could have been detected, had they existed.

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Wastewater Treatment Effluent Reduces the Abundance and Diversity of Benthic Bacterial Communities in Urban and Suburban Rivers

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.03527-12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (6) ◽

pp. 1897-1905 ◽

Cited By ~ 156

Author(s):

Bradley Drury ◽

Emma Rosi-Marshall ◽

John J. Kelly

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Content Type ◽

Wwtp Effluent ◽

Sediment Bacterial Communities

ABSTRACTIn highly urbanized areas, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent can represent a significant component of freshwater ecosystems. As it is impossible for the composition of WWTP effluent to match the composition of the receiving system, the potential exists for effluent to significantly impact the chemical and biological characteristics of the receiving ecosystem. We assessed the impacts of WWTP effluent on the size, activity, and composition of benthic microbial communities by comparing two distinct field sites in the Chicago metropolitan region: a highly urbanized river receiving effluent from a large WWTP and a suburban river receiving effluent from a much smaller WWTP. At sites upstream of effluent input, the urban and suburban rivers differed significantly in chemical characteristics and in the composition of their sediment bacterial communities. Although effluent resulted in significant increases in inorganic nutrients in both rivers, surprisingly, it also resulted in significant decreases in the population size and diversity of sediment bacterial communities. Tag pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes revealed significant effects of effluent on sediment bacterial community composition in both rivers, including decreases in abundances ofDeltaproteobacteria,Desulfococcus,Dechloromonas, andChloroflexisequences and increases in abundances ofNitrospiraeandSphingobacterialessequences. The overall effect of the WWTP inputs was that the two rivers, which were distinct in chemical and biological properties upstream of the WWTPs, were almost indistinguishable downstream. These results suggest that WWTP effluent has the potential to reduce the natural variability that exists among river ecosystems and indicate that WWTP effluent may contribute to biotic homogenization.

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Diversity and Dynamics of Seaweed Associated Microbial Communities Inhabiting the Lagoon of Venice

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8111657 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1657

Author(s):

Abdul-Salam Juhmani ◽

Alessandro Vezzi ◽

Mohammad Wahsha ◽

Alessandro Buosi ◽

Fabio De Pascale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Communities ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Host Response ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Lagoon Of Venice ◽

Anthropogenic Stressors ◽

Rich Diversity

Seaweeds are a group of essential photosynthetic organisms that harbor a rich diversity of associated microbial communities with substantial functions related to host health and defense. Environmental and anthropogenic stressors may disrupt the microbial communities and their metabolic activity, leading to host physiological alterations that negatively affect seaweeds’ performance and survival. Here, the bacterial communities associated with one of the most common seaweed, Ulva laetevirens Areshough, were sampled over a year at three sites of the lagoon of Venice affected by different environmental and anthropogenic stressors. Bacterial communities were characterized through Illumina sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA genes. The study demonstrated that the seaweed associated bacterial communities at sites impacted by environmental stressors were host-specific and differed significantly from the less affected site. Furthermore, these communities were significantly distinct from those of the surrounding seawater. The bacterial communities’ composition was significantly correlated with environmental parameters (nutrient concentrations, dissolved oxygen saturation, and pH) across sites. This study showed that several more abundant bacteria on U. laetevirens at stressed sites belonged to taxa related to the host response to the stressors. Overall, environmental parameters and anthropogenic stressors were shown to substantially affect seaweed associated bacterial communities, which reflect the host response to environmental variations.

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Habitat Elevation Shapes Microbial Community Composition and Alter the Metabolic Functions in Wild Sable (Martes zibellina) Guts

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030865 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 865

Author(s):

Lantian Su ◽

Xinxin Liu ◽

Guangyao Jin ◽

Yue Ma ◽

Haoxin Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Microbial Communities ◽

Community Composition ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Functional Genes ◽

Martes Zibellina ◽

Clear Cutting ◽

Metabolic Functions

In recent decades, wild sable (Carnivora Mustelidae Martes zibellina) habitats, which are often natural forests, have been squeezed by anthropogenic disturbances such as clear-cutting, tilling and grazing. Sables tend to live in sloped areas with relatively harsh conditions. Here, we determine effects of environmental factors on wild sable gut microbial communities between high and low altitude habitats using Illumina Miseq sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Our results showed that despite wild sable gut microbial community diversity being resilient to many environmental factors, community composition was sensitive to altitude. Wild sable gut microbial communities were dominated by Firmicutes (relative abundance 38.23%), followed by Actinobacteria (30.29%), and Proteobacteria (28.15%). Altitude was negatively correlated with the abundance of Firmicutes, suggesting sable likely consume more vegetarian food in lower habitats where plant diversity, temperature and vegetation coverage were greater. In addition, our functional genes prediction and qPCR results demonstrated that energy/fat processing microorganisms and functional genes are enriched with increasing altitude, which likely enhanced metabolic functions and supported wild sables to survive in elevated habitats. Overall, our results improve the knowledge of the ecological impact of habitat change, providing insights into wild animal protection at the mountain area with hash climate conditions.

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Variability of the Sheep Lung Microbiota

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00540-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (11) ◽

pp. 3225-3238 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Laura Glendinning ◽

Steven Wright ◽

Jolinda Pollock ◽

Peter Tennant ◽

David Collie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Large Animal ◽

Local Factors ◽

Adult Sheep ◽

Sequencing Technologies ◽

Host Influence

ABSTRACTSequencing technologies have recently facilitated the characterization of bacterial communities present in lungs during health and disease. However, there is currently a dearth of information concerning the variability of such data in health both between and within subjects. This study seeks to examine such variability using healthy adult sheep as our model system. Protected specimen brush samples were collected from three spatially disparate segmental bronchi of six adult sheep (age, 20 months) on three occasions (day 0, 1 month, and 3 months). To further explore the spatial variability of the microbiotas, more-extensive brushing samples (n= 16) and a throat swab were taken from a separate sheep. The V2 and V3 hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA genes were amplified and sequenced via Illumina MiSeq. DNA sequences were analyzed using the mothur software package. Quantitative PCR was performed to quantify total bacterial DNA. Some sheep lungs contained dramatically different bacterial communities at different sampling sites, whereas in others, airway microbiotas appeared similar across the lung. In our spatial variability study, we observed clustering related to the depth within the lung from which samples were taken. Lung depth refers to increasing distance from the glottis, progressing in a caudal direction. We conclude that both host influence and local factors have impacts on the composition of the sheep lung microbiota.IMPORTANCEUntil recently, it was assumed that the lungs were a sterile environment which was colonized by microbes only during disease. However, recent studies using sequencing technologies have found that there is a small population of bacteria which exists in the lung during health, referred to as the “lung microbiota.” In this study, we characterize the variability of the lung microbiotas of healthy sheep. Sheep not only are economically important animals but also are often used as large animal models of human respiratory disease. We conclude that, while host influence does play a role in dictating the types of microbes which colonize the airways, it is clear that local factors also play an important role in this regard. Understanding the nature and influence of these factors will be key to understanding the variability in, and functional relevance of, the lung microbiota.

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