The Fate Status of Stem Cells in Diabetes and its Role in the Occurrence of Diabetic Complications

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming a growing risk factor for public health worldwide. It is a very common disease and is widely known for its susceptibility to multiple complications which do great harm to the life and health of patients, some even lead to death. To date, there are many mechanisms for the complications of diabetes, including the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the abnormal changes of gas transmitters, which ultimately lead to injuries of cells, tissues and organs. Normally, even if injured, the body can quickly repair and maintain its homeostasis. This is closely associated with the repair and regeneration ability of stem cells. However, many studies have demonstrated that stem cells happen to be damaged under DM, which may be a nonnegligible factor in the occurrence and progression of diabetic complications. Therefore, this review summarizes how diabetes causes the corresponding complications by affecting stem cells from two aspects: stem cells dysfunctions and stem cells quantity alteration. In addition, since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), especially bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), have the advantages of strong differentiation ability, large quantity and wide application, we mainly focus on the impact of diabetes on them. The review also puts forward the basis of using exogenous stem cells to treat diabetic complications. It is hoped that through this review, researchers can have a clearer understanding of the roles of stem cells in diabetic complications, thus promoting the process of using stem cells to treat diabetic complications.

Download Full-text

Fe3O4@GO magnetic nanocomposites protect mesenchymal stem cells and promote osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Biomaterials Science ◽

10.1039/d0bm00906g ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (21) ◽

pp. 5984-5993

Author(s):

He Zhang ◽

Sirong Li ◽

Yufeng Liu ◽

Yijun Yu ◽

Shichao Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Magnetic Nanocomposites ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Rat Bone

Fe3O4@GO/BMP2 protecting mesenchymal stem cells by regulating reactive oxygen species and promoting osteogenic differentiation of cells.

Download Full-text

Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Photoreceptor-like Cells under the Influence of a Temporary Increase in miRNA-182, -183 Expression

10.21203/rs.3.rs-748878/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani ◽

Najmeh Fattahi ◽

Samaneh Arab ◽

samira asgharzade

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Retinal Degeneration ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

Temporary Increase ◽

Qrt Pcr ◽

Retinal Photoreceptors ◽

New Strategy ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

The Impact

Abstract It is found that the death of retinal photoreceptors is the main cause of retinal degeneration, while there is not an effective treatment protocol. Data of preclinical and clinical trials indicates that the stem cell therapy is a useful way of treating retinal degeneration problems. On the other hand, previous works found that miRNA-182, -183 significantly affected the photoreceptor maturation and maintenance in animal models. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a temporary increase in miRNA-182, -183 expression on the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) into photoreceptor-like cells. To this end, miRNA-182, -183 was transfected into hBMSCs; then, qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression levels of miRNA-182, -183 and some retina-specific genes such as OTX2, NRL, PKCα, and recoverin. CRX and rhodopsin (RHO) levels were also measured through qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry We indicated that the transfection of hBMSCs with miRNA-182, -183 using the Lipofectamine induce differentiation and progenitor’s genes expression consisted of CRX, OTX2, PKC, Recoverin, NRL and RHO. Moreover, the upregulation expression of transcription factors, CRX and RHO, indicated that miRNA-182, -183 could serve as crucial functions in the differentiation of hBMSCs into photoreceptor-like cells. The findings may provide a new strategy to improve the usage of hBMSCs as a treatment for the retinal dysfunction.

Download Full-text

Effect of Lactoferrin on the Expression Profiles of Long Non-coding RNA during Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20194834 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (19) ◽

pp. 4834 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yan Xu ◽

Jing-Jing An ◽

Dina Tabys ◽

Yin-Dan Xie ◽

Tian-Yu Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Bioinformatic Analysis ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

The Impact

Lactoferrin (LF) has demonstrated stimulation of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in regulating the osteogenic differentiation processes. However, the impact of LF on lncRNA expression in MSC osteogenic differentiation is poorly understood. Our aim was to investigate the effects of LF on lncRNAs expression profiles, during osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs), by RNA sequencing. A total number of 1331 putative lncRNAs were identified in rBMSCs during osteogenic differentiation in the study. LF influenced the expression of 120 lncRNAs (differentially expressed lncRNAs [DELs], Fold change > 1.5 or < −1.5; p < 0.05) in rBMSCs on day 14 of osteogenic differentiation, consisted of 60 upregulated and 60 down-regulated. Furthermore, the potential functions of DELs were of prediction by searching their target cis- and trans-regulated protein-coding genes. The bioinformatic analysis of DELs target gene revealed that LF led to the disfunction of transforming growth factor beta stimulus (TGF-β) and positive regulation of I-κappa B kinase/NF-κappa B signaling pathway, which may relate to osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. Our work is the first profiling of lncRNA in osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs induced by LF, and provides valuable insights into the potential mechanisms for LF promoting osteogenic activity.

Download Full-text

miR-142 induces accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting pexophagy in aged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-60346-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kei Houri ◽

Tatsufumi Mori ◽

Yuta Onodera ◽

Takatoshi Tsujimoto ◽

Toshiyuki Takehara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Download Full-text

Impact of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells That Express Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2384 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

Yongming He ◽

Ping Li ◽

Yunlong Chen ◽

Youmei Li

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Cardiac Function ◽

Troponin T ◽

Gene Transfection ◽

Control Group ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

The Impact

Transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into cardiomyocytes and may have the potential to replace necrotic cardiomyocytes resulting from myocardial infarction (MI). Here we established a method for transfection of MSCs with an expression vector encoding human vascular Eedothelial Ggowth Ffctor (hVEGF). We evaluated the impact of transplantation of transfected MSCs on the recovery cardiac function and angiogenesis in a rat model of MI. Rat MSCs were separated by density gradient centrifugation; their specific surface markers were examined as was their ability to differentiate. MSCs were then transfected with pcDNA 3.1-hVEGF 165 or control-containing liposomes. Rats in the experimental MI groups received transfected MSCs, MSCs alone, or gene-transfection alone; controls included a no intervention MI group and a group that was not subjected to ischemia. Among the results, MSCs were successfully isolated and cultured. Among the intervention groups, those that received transplantation of MSCs expressing hVEGF 165 included the smallest areas of infarction and demonstrated the best recovery of cardiac function overall. Moreover, capillary density detected in this group was significantly greater than in the control group and likewise greater than in rats transplanted with MSCs alone. BrdU and Troponin-T staining revealed differential increases in the number of viable cardiomyocytes within the infarction areas; some cardiomyocytes were double-positive. Likewise, evaluation using RT-PCR revealed higher expression levels of hVEGF in rats transplanted with transfected cells compared to those treated with gene transfection alone.

Download Full-text