scholarly journals New Insights Into Vertigo Attack Frequency as a Predictor of Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Qiu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jun Deng ◽  
Zhiwei Xia ◽  
Jingfeng Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Ischemic Infarction ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Attacks Of Vertigo

Background: Recurrent attacks of vertigo account for 2.6 million emergency department visits per year in the USA, of which more than 4% are attributable to ischemic infarction. However, few studies have investigated the frequency of attacks of vertigo before an ischemic stroke.Methods: We conducted this retrospective analysis and manually screened the medical records of 231 patients who experienced recurrent attacks of vertigo prior to an ischemic stroke. Patients were divided into four different groups based on the frequency of vertigo attacks as well as the region of ischemic infarction. Those with ≤2 attacks of vertigo preceding the ischemic stroke were defined as the low-frequency group. Those with ≥3 attacks were defined as the high-frequency group. Clinical parameters, including vascular risk factors, average National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and infarction volume, were compared between the groups.Results: On analysis, we found that patients with posterior infarction in the high-frequency group exhibited a higher prevalence of vertebral artery stenosis. However, the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was higher in the low-frequency group. In addition, patients with posterior infarction in the low-frequency group were more active in seeking medical intervention after an attack of vertigo. Notably, the brain stem, especially the lateral medullary region, had a higher probability of being involved in posterior infarction in the high-frequency group. However, the cerebellum was more commonly involved in posterior infarction in the low-frequency group.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the clinical parameters, including arterial stenosis, DM, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, differed between the low- and high-frequency groups. We also found that patients in the low-frequency group were more willing to seek medical intervention after the attacks of vertigo. These findings could be valuable for clinicians to focus on specific examination of the patients according to the frequency of vertigo attacks.

Optimal frequency of whole body vibration training for improving balance and physical performance in the older people with chronic stroke: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110505
Author(s):  
Ning Wei ◽  
Mengying Cai
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Frequency Group

Objective To explore the optimal frequency of whole-body vibration training for improving the balance and physical performance in older people with chronic stroke. Design a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting Two rehabilitation units in the Wuhan Brain Hospital in China. Participants A total of 78 seniors with chronic stroke. Interventions Low-frequency group (13 Hz), high-frequency group (26 Hz), and zero-frequency group (Standing on the vibration platform with 0 Hz) for 10 sessions of side-alternating WBV training. Main measures The timed-up-and-go test, five-repetition sit-to-stand test, 10-metre walking test, and Berg balance scale were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Results Significant time × group interaction effects in five-repetition sit-to-stand test (p = 0.014) and timed-up-and-go test at self-preferred speed (p = 0.028) were observed. The high-frequency group outperformed the zero-frequency group in both five-repetition sit-to-stand test (p = 0.039) and timed-up-and-go test at self-preferred speed (p = 0.024) after 10-sessions training. The low-frequency group displayed only a significant improvement in five-repetition sit-to-stand test after training (p = 0.028). No significant within- or between-group changes were observed in the Berg balance scale and walking speed (p > 0.05). No significant group-difference were found between low-frequency and high-frequency groups. No adverse events were reported during study. Conclusions Compared with 13 Hz, 26 Hz had no more benefits on balance and physical performance in older people with chronic stroke.

scholarly journals The Impact of Physical Environment and Regional Image on Tourist’s Experiential Values and Feelings: An Example of Nanzhuang Area in Taiwan

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Shwu-Ing Wu ◽  
Li Chia Huang
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Experiential Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Independent Variables

With the booming global tourism activities, many countries around the world are actively promoting regional tourism. Thus, understanding the tourists’ needs is important in developing tourism promotion strategies. With Nanzhuang Township, Miaoli County as the case study, this paper discusses the influence of the two independent variables, the tangible physical environment and the intangible regional image, tourists’ experiential value and the feelings after tourism. This study conducted a questionnaire survey on tourists who have visited Nanzhuang Township, Miaoli County, by convenience sampling, in order to construct the model of regional experience marketing effect. A total of 743 effective samples were retrieved. After analysis by structural equation modeling (SEM), it is found that: (1) the physical environment has a positive and significant influence on the tourists’ experiential value; (2) regional image has a positive and significant influence on the tourist’s experiential value; (3) the experiential value has a positive and significant influence on satisfaction; (4) satisfaction has a positive and significant influence on trust and commitment; (5) trust has no significant influence on commitment. Regarding the two independent variables, regional image has more influence. In addition, after comparing the group models by clustering with the high and low frequency of the number of visits, it is found that there are some differences between the high frequency group and the low frequency group, where the regional image of the high frequency group has a greater influence on the experiential value and the physical environment of the low frequency group has a greater influence on the experiential value. The findings can serve as reference for the local government and the tourism operators to develop regional marketing strategies.

Response of the diaphragm muscle to electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve

1983 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Ciesielski ◽  
Yoshitaka Fukuda ◽  
William W. L. Glenn ◽  
Jack Gorfien ◽  
Kathryn Jeffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Diaphragm Pacing ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Stimulation

✓ The histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural features of canine diaphragms subjected to pacing by high-frequency electrical stimulation (27 to 33 Hz) of the phrenic nerve are compared with unstimulated diaphragms and with diaphragms subjected to pacing by low-frequency stimulation (11 to 13 Hz). The high-frequency group showed a reduced tidal volume (fatigue) after long-term stimulation, and myopathic changes which included enlarged internal and sarcolemmal nuclei, ring fibers, moth-eaten fibers with irregular histochemical staining, core/targetoid fibers, and smearing and aggregation of Z-band material with electron microscopy. The low-frequency group did not develop a significant degree of fatigue or pathological changes, and showed histochemical evidence of transformation to fast-twitch (type II) fibers. Possible pathogenic mechanisms and their similarity to those in certain human neuromuscular diseases are discussed. The application of the findings resulting from high- and low-frequency stimulation to long-term diaphragm pacing in humans with chronic ventilatory insufficiency is also discussed.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Online Shopping Behavior Patterns of Consumer Groups with Different Online Shopping Experiences

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shwu-Ing Wu ◽  
Hsin-Ti Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Online Shopping Behavior

The appearance of Internet does not only bring changes to consumption patterns, but also to the business modes of companies, as a result of which Internet has become a perfect sales channel. When a consumer shops online, s/he might be influenced by a huge variety of factors. In this study, ABC model of attitude was adopted to investigate empirically the influences of website characteristics and external stimulus on consumers’ online shopping behavior. A relationship model was also established to compare the differences of consumer groups with different online shopping experiences.Using convenience sampling, a total of 818 valid questionnaires were collected for the purpose of this study. Based on their online shopping experiences, consumers were divided into high frequency and low frequency groups in order to compare their consumption patterns as a group. According to the results, the two groups with different online shopping experiences were significantly different in three relational paths. To be specific: (1) Compared to the low frequency group, consumers in the high frequency group is more significantly positively influenced by website characteristics along the affection path during their online shopping. (2) Compared to the high frequency group, consumers in the low frequency group are more significantly positively influenced by website characteristics along the attitude path during their online shopping. (3) Compared with the low frequency group, a more significant positive influence is found among consumers in the high frequency group between consumer affection and consumer behavior path. These differences in the consumer behavior patterns of groups with different online shopping experiences according to the research results, therefore, could be used as references for online shopping business owners in their formulation of strategies.

scholarly journals Effect of high- and low- frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on angiogenesis and wound contraction in acute excisional wounds in rat skin

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-680
Author(s):  
Aline Fernanda Perez Machado ◽  
Fabio Leite Silva ◽  
Marco Aurélio Invaldi Neves ◽  
Fábio Luis Nonato ◽  
Pascale Mutti Tacani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Wound Contraction ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Excisional Wound

Abstract Introduction: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) can alter the local temperature, increase skin blood flow and induce the release of vasodilator neuropeptides and growth factors. These changes may be related to the effects of TENS on the tissue repair process. Objective: To assess the effect of high- and low-frequency TENS on angiogenesis and the contraction of acute excisional wounds in rat skin. Methods: Fifty-four young adult male EPM1-Wistar rats were used in the study. An excisional wound was performed on the back of each animal using an 8mm punch. The animals were randomly assigned to three groups: the High-frequency Group (HG: 80 Hz), Low-frequency Group (LG: 5 Hz), and Sham Group (SG: TENS turned off). TENS was delivered on three days consecutives. Pulse duration and current intensity were 200 µs and 15 mA. The length of each TENS session was 60 minutes. Microscopic and macroscopic assessments were performed on 3, 7 and 14 postoperative (PO) days. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was utilized to quantify the neoformed blood vessels. Photographs were taken to determine the percentage of wound contraction. After assessment, the animals were painlessly sacrificed. Results: There were increases in angiogenesis in the HG on the 3 PO day, and in the LG on the 14 PO day. No significant differences in wound contraction were found between the groups on the different PO days. Conclusion: High frequency TENS improved angiogenesis, and neither frequency of TENS had any influence on the contraction of acute excisional wounds in rat skin.

scholarly journals Cardiac Autonomic Derangement Is Associated with Worse Neurological Outcome in the Very Early Phases of Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Tobaldini ◽  
Roberto M. Sacco ◽  
Serena Serafino ◽  
Michele Tassi ◽  
Gianluca Gallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Modified Rankin Scale ◽  
Vagal Modulation ◽  
Sympathetic Modulation ◽  
Early Phases

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with autonomic dysfunction. We evaluated the prognostic value of heart rate variability (HRV) and the role of stroke localization and reperfusion treatment (RT) on autonomic control. Methods: Patients with AIS and sinus rhythm were enrolled in the emergency department. Autonomic parameters were recorded at the onset and after a potential RT. Neurological deficit was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at the onset and residual disability with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Two analyses were used to assess HRV. Low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) are, respectively, markers of sympathetic and respiratory vagal modulation in spectral analysis. Symbolic analysis provides pattern with no variation (0V%) as an index of sympathetic modulation and pattern with two like variations (2LV%) and pattern with two unlike variations (2UV%) as markers of vagal modulation. Results: We enrolled 41 patients. Twenty-seven underwent RT. A prevalent parasympathetic modulation was found in patients with NIHSS ≥14. The group with mRS 3–6 exhibited a higher 2UV% and lower 0V%. Right-sided strokes were associated with a higher respiratory vagal control. RT had no effects on HRV parameters. Conclusions: In the very early phases of AIS, a decreased 0V% and an increased 2UV% may reflect a loss of sympathetic oscillation, predicting a poorer 3 month-outcome.

Is Frequency of Patient–Physician Clinic Contact Important in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients?

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xu ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Li Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Intermediate Frequency ◽  
Biochemical Data ◽  
Dialysis Adequacy ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Physician Contact ◽  
Baseline Demographic

Objective In a single-center retrospective cohort study, we investigated whether the frequency of clinic patient–physician contact (PPC) correlates with quality of care and can predict outcome in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Patients and Methods We enrolled 307 incident PD patients who started PD from July 2002 to February 2007. All patients who visited the clinic at least once every 6 months and who lived for at least 6 months were followed until death, transfer to hemodialysis, renal transplantation, or February 2008 (censor date). Throughout the study period, an integrative follow-up strategy was used, including PPC and three other modes of contact between patients and non-physicians. Patients’ PPC frequency was divided into 3 categories: high frequency (monthly or more often), intermediate frequency (every 1 – 3 months), and low frequency (every 3 – 6 months). Baseline demographic and biochemical data were collected. Indices of diet, dialysis adequacy, biochemistry, and nutrition were measured at every visit and then calculated as mean values. Results We followed the 307 patients for a mean of 31.45 ± 13.62 months (range: 12 – 64 months). By PPC frequency, 127 patients (41.3%) were in the high-frequency group; 136 (44.3%), in the intermediate-frequency group; and 44 (14.3%), in the low-frequency group. We observed no difference of baseline demographic and biochemical data between the three groups ( p > 0.05). Patients in the low-frequency group had lower mean hemoglobin and total urea clearance rates, but higher serum phosphate than did patients in the intermediate- or high-frequency groups ( p < 0.05). Mean indices of nutrition, including serum albumin, daily protein and energy intake, and lean body mass were not different between the three groups ( p > 0.05). Frequency of PPC did not show an effect on the survival of PD patients ( p = 0.37 by Kaplan–Meier plot). Age ( p = 0.002), Charlson comorbidity score ( p = 0.001), and pre-dialysis albumin ( p = 0.019) were independent negative risk factors for death in multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, which were adjusted for sex, PPC frequency, baseline hemoglobin, and glomerular filtration rate. Conclusions Frequency of PPC did not predict outcome in PD patients after an integrative care strategy was implemented. Control of anemia and hyperphosphatemia needs to be strengthened in patients with a low frequency of PPC.

Base word Frequency and Pseudohomophone Naming

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1044-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris M. Herdman ◽  
Jo-Anne LeFevre ◽  
Stephanie L. Greenham
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Base Word ◽  
Phonological Coding ◽  
Frequency Effects ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Whole Word

The advantage of naming pseudohomophones over non-pseudohomophones has been interpreted as reflecting the contribution of whole-word lexical representations in phonological coding. A whole-word interpretation was further supported by Taft and Russell (1992), who reported a pseudohomophone frequency effect such that pseudohomophones were named faster if they corresponded to high- than to low-frequency base-words (e.g. poast vs. hoast). Experiment 1 replicated this pseudohomophone frequency effect using the Taft and Russell items. Further analyses showed, however, that the pseudohomophones in Taft and Russell's high-frequency group were more orthographically similar to words than the pseudohomophones in the low-frequency group. These differences in orthography may have been the cause of the “frequency” effects. In Experiment 2, a new set of high- and low-frequency pseudohomophones was constructed that were matched on orthographic factors (i.e. SPBF and N). With these items, a standard pseudohomophone advantage was found such that pseudohomophones were named faster and more accurately than non-pseudohomophones. However, in contrast to Taft and Russell's results, pseudohomophone naming was not related to base-word frequency. We conclude that the pseudohomophone advantage occurs at a postlexical stage in non-word naming.

Cardiac Rehabilitation Sustainability by Utilization of Accelerometer and Low-Frequency Text Messaging (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Rodder ◽  
Venessa Gonzalez ◽  
Theresa Harris
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Dietary Compliance ◽  
Frequency Group

BACKGROUND Participation in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) Phase II reduces morbidity, mortality, and improves the quality of life. After Phase II, patients enter Phase III where they attempt to maintain the heart-healthy lifestyle learned during CR Phase II. Despite the benefits of CR Phase II, adherence to lifestyle recommendations can be challenging to sustain in Phase III. The use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies (accelerometer, text messaging, self-monitoring, etc.) can impact adherence and cardiovascular health; however, the impact of utilization frequency of text messaging on CR sustainability should be assessed. OBJECTIVE This trial aimed to determine CR sustainability, at 12 weeks post CR Phase II, by utilization of i) accelerometer, and ii) text messaging either at a) low-frequency with minimal supportive content or b) high-frequency with enhanced supportive content. METHODS The trial was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial with a 2-arm parallel group design. 42 participants were randomized to receive text messaging either a) bi-monthly (low-frequency group; N=22), with text messages being reminders of study participation and the date for the 12-week assessment; or b) tri-weekly (high-frequency group; N=20), with text messages being educational (nutrition, exercise, medication compliance) or supportive (encouragement). All participants were instructed to track steps using accelerometers (Fitbit, Smartphone, Smartwatch, etc.). A 6-minute walk test was used to determine physical fitness as measured by metabolic equivalents (METs). Rate Your Plate (RYP) scores, body mass index (BMI), weight, and waist-to-hip ratio (W:H) were used to assess dietary compliance. RESULTS Two-way repeated measure of analysis of variance found that the high-frequency and low-frequency group had similar sustainability (no decline), with no significant difference in METs (P = .62), RYP scores (P = .15), or BMI (P = .73). However, the high-frequency group did average significantly more steps per week vs. the low-frequency group (52,542  2,611 vs. 43,077  1,550; P = .002). CONCLUSIONS This trial showed that CR sustainability at 12-weeks can be achieved with a simple utilization of mobile health (mHealth) technology (accelerometer and low-frequency text messaging), thus eliminating the decline in fitness and dietary compliance often seen at 12-weeks post-CR Phase II. CLINICALTRIAL IRBNet ID: 957218-2

scholarly journals HEALTH MEDICAL EXAMINATION AND THE PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e49-e60
Author(s):  
Yong Hwan Kim ◽  
Wi-Young So
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Frequency Group ◽  
Medical Examinations

Background and Objective Metabolic syndrome (MetS) can be effectively prevented and treated by following healthy lifestyle practices. Healthy lifestyle management not only includes regulation of drinking and smoking, and regular physical activity but also health medical examinations. However, health medical examinations at private medical facilities involve high cost, limiting continuous and regular examination. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of MetS and health management behavior according to the number of health medical examinations conducted in 14 years. Material and Methods According to the number of health medical examinations undertaken each year from 1999 to 2012, in 2012, 21,803 visitors (14,511 men and 7,292 women) from a health medical examination center at a private medical facility were assigned to low- (3–5 health examinations in 14 years), middle- (6–10 health examinations in 14 years), and high-frequency groups (11–14 health examinations for 14 years) and were classified by sex. Namely, they were divided into three groups: those who underwent 3–5 examinations, as low-frequency group, 6–10 examinations, as middle-frequency group, and 11-14 examinations, as high-frequency group. MetS was evaluated according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program and Adult Treatment Panel III and waist circumference was measured according to the standard for Asians by the World Health Organization. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated by logistic regression analysis. Results Systolic blood pressure tended to decrease to 124.5 versus 123.9 versus 123.5 mmHg in the low-, middle-, and high-frequency groups in men, respectively. In addition, the middle- and high-frequency groups demonstrated better total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and systolic blood pressure compared with the low-frequency group. The prevalence of MetS demonstrated no significance before adjusting for variables in men, and high-frequency examinees demonstrated 18% low OR values (0.823, p < 0.001) after adjusting for age. OR was 0.868 (p = 0.015) when adjusted for age, other socio-economic factors, and health behavior. In women, the prevalence of MetS demonstrated significantly high OR of 1.205 (p = 0.007) and 1.300 (p = 0.008) in the middle- and high-frequency groups, respectively, but OR value decreased by 21% (0.791, p = 0.026) after adjusting for age. However, OR remained significant when adjusting for socioeconomic variables, physical activity, drinking, and smoking. For income and education, high-frequency examinees belonged to the high socioeconomic status group among men and women, but there were significant differences in walking among men with regard to physical activity (p < 0.001). Smoking was well-managed in the high-frequency group among men and women, and drinking showed a significant difference only in women (p < 0.001). Conclusion The high frequency of health medical examinations demonstrated low prevalence of MetS in men and women, and high socioeconomic status was associated with healthy behavior.

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