scholarly journals Accuracy of Actigraphy Compared to Concomitant Ambulatory Polysomnography in Narcolepsy and Other Sleep Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anniina Alakuijala ◽  
Tomi Sarkanen ◽  
Tomi Jokela ◽  
Markku Partinen
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Periodic Leg Movement ◽  
Single Night ◽  
Clinical Measurements

Actigraphy provides longitudinal sleep data over multiple nights. It is a less expensive and less cumbersome method for measuring sleep than polysomnography. Studies assessing accuracy of actigraphy compared to ambulatory polysomnography in different sleep-disordered patients are rare. We aimed to compare the concordance between these methods in clinical setting. We included 290 clinical measurements of 281 sleep laboratory patients (mean age 37.9 years, 182 female). Concomitant ambulatory polysomnography and actigraphy were analyzed to determine the agreement in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, periodic leg movement disorder, hypersomnia, other rarer sleep disorders, or no organic sleep disorder. Bland-Altman plots showed excellent accuracy, but poor precision in single night results between the two methods in the measurement of sleep time, sleep efficiency, and sleep latency. On average, actigraphy tended to overestimate sleep time by a negligible amount, −0.13 min, 95% confidence interval [−5.9, 5.6] min in the whole sample. Overestimation was largest, −12.8 [−25.1, −0.9] min, in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. By contrast, in patients with narcolepsy, actigraphy tended to underestimate sleep time by 24.3 [12.4, 36.1] min. As for sleep efficiency, actigraphy underestimated it by 0.18 [−0.99, 1.35] % and sleep latency by 11.0 [8.5, 13.6] min compared to polysomnography. We conclude that, in measuring sleep time, actigraphy is reasonably reliable and helpful to be used for a week or two to exclude insufficient sleep in patients with the suspicion of narcolepsy. However, the effectiveness of actigraphy in determining sleep seems to decrease in subjects with low sleep efficiencies.

scholarly journals Intermittent Fasting and Sleep: A Review of Human Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3489
Author(s):  
Mara McStay ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Shuhao Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Insomnia Severity

This review examines the effects of two popular intermittent fasting regimens on sleep in adults with overweight and obesity. Specifically, the effects of time restricted eating (TRE; eating all food within a 4–10 h window) and alternate day fasting (ADF; 600 kcal fast day alternated with ad libitum feast day) on sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, insomnia severity, and risk of obstructive sleep apnea, will be summarized. The role of weight loss will also be discussed. Results from our review reveal that the majority of these trials produced weight loss in the range of 1–6% from baseline. Sleep quality and sleep duration remained unaltered with TRE and ADF, as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The effects of intermittent fasting on sleep latency and sleep efficiency are mixed, with one study showing worsening of these parameters, and others showing no effect. Insomnia severity and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea remained unchanged in the trials assessing these metrics. Taken together, these preliminary findings suggest that TRE and ADF produce mild to moderate weight loss (1–6%) but their effects on sleep remain unclear. Solid conclusions are difficult to establish since participants in the studies had healthy sleep durations and no clinical insomnia at baseline, leaving little room for improvement in these metrics. Moreover, none of the trials were adequately powered to detect statistically significant changes in any measure of sleep. Future well-powered trials, conducted in individuals with diagnosed sleep disturbances, will be necessary to elucidate the effect of these popular diets on sleep.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients With Hypertension and Factors Associated With Autotitration Acceptance

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Ping Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Severe Group

In order to explore the characteristics and treatment status of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with hypertension, a retrospective study was conducted on 306 patients admitted from October 2018 to December 2019. According to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), OSA patients with hypertension were divided into three groups. 69 cases were mild OSA (5 ≤ AHI < 15), 86 cases were moderate (15 ≤ AHI < 30), and 151 cases were severe (AHI ≥ 30). Compared with patients in the mild and moderate groups, the severe group had more male patients, with higher body mass index (BMI) and non-rapid eye movement stage 1 accounted for total sleep time (N1%), and lower non-rapid eye movement stage 2 accounted for total sleep time (N2%), average and minimum blood oxygen. Among all the patients, those who underwent the titration test accounted for 20.6% (63/306). Multivariate analysis showed that sleep efficiency (p < 0.001) and AHI (p < 0.001) were independent factors for patients to accept titration test. OSA patients with hypertension had a low acceptance of titration therapy. These people with higher sleep efficiency and AHI were more likely to receive autotitration.

scholarly journals Misperception of sleep in bipolar disorder: an exploratory study using questionnaire versus actigraphy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Myhre Ihler ◽  
Manon Meyrel ◽  
Vincent Hennion ◽  
Julia Maruani ◽  
Gregory Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Background The concept of misperception of sleep refers to the estimated discrepancy between subjective and objective measures of sleep. This has been assessed only in a few prior studies in individuals with Bipolar Disorder (BD) as compared to Healthy Controls (HC) and with mixed results. Methods We assessed a sample of 133 euthymic individuals with BD and 63 HC for retrospective subjective (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and objective (21 days of actigraphy recording) measures of total sleep time, sleep latency and sleep efficiency. We first investigated the correlations between these subjective and objective measures in the two groups. We then compared individuals with BD and HC for the absolute values of the differences between subjective and objective sleep parameters, used as a proxy of the magnitude of misperception of sleep. Finally, we undertook regression analyses to assess associations between clinical groups, core demographics, clinical factors and misperception of sleep. Results The correlation coefficients between subjective and objective measures of sleep did not differ between groups (total sleep time: rho = .539 in BD and rho = .584 in HC; sleep latency: rho = .190 in BD and rho = .125 in HC; sleep efficiency: rho = .166 in BD and rho = .222 in HC). Individuals with BD did not differ from HC in the magnitude of misperception of total sleep time, sleep latency nor sleep efficiency. Individuals with BD type 1 misperceived their sleep efficiency significantly more than individuals with BD type 2, with no further difference between BD type 1 and BD type 2 regarding sleep latency and sleep duration misperceptions. Three factors (age, symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea, and mild depressive symptoms), were the main contributors to the magnitude of misperception of sleep. Conclusions Misperception of sleep was not associated with a diagnosis of BD. In this sample, mild depressive symptoms, older age, or symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea may be related to greater sleep misperception. In that case, the reliability of subjective measures may decrease as the misperception of sleep increases. This study may help guide clinicians in selecting the best approach for assessing sleep (objective versus subjective measures) in individuals with BD.

scholarly journals Blood glucose dynamics during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and normal glucose tolerance: effects of CPAP therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimimasa Saito ◽  
Yosuke Okada ◽  
Keiichi Torimoto ◽  
Yoko Takamatsu ◽  
Yoshiya Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Dynamics

Abstract Purpose Glycemic variability (GV) and hypoglycemia during nighttime are presumed to be associated with fatal bradycardia. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate blood glucose dynamics during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) and normal glucose tolerance. Methods Patients with OSA and no diabetes who underwent type 1 overnight polysomnography from December 2018 to May 2020 participated in this study. GV was evaluated in all participants for 14 days using a flash glucose monitoring device. Correlations were examined between GV indexes and indexes related to sleep breathing disorders, the effects of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on these GV indexes, and the characteristics of glucose dynamics in different OSA subtypes classified by sleep stage. Results Among 42 patients with OSA and no diabetes, the standard deviation of GV during sleep correlated significantly with sleep time spent with oxygen saturation <90% (r=0.591, p=0.008). High blood glucose index during sleep correlated significantly with stage N1% (r=0.491, p=0.032) and negatively with stage N2% (r=−0.479, p=0.038). High blood glucose index correlated significantly with sleep time spent with oxygen saturation <90% (r=0.640, p=0.003). The rapid eye movement–related OSA group had a higher incidence of hypoglycemia. One-week with CPAP treatment significantly improved GV during sleep, standard deviation of GV (from 12.1 to 9.0 mg/dL, p<0.001), and high blood glucose index (from 0.7 to 0.4, p=0.006). Conclusions To evaluate GV during sleep in patients with OSA may be useful for clinical risk management. CPAP treatment for 1 week may have an improving GV and high blood glucose index. Clinical trial registration UMIN000038489 2019/11/04, UMIN 000025433 2016/12/27

scholarly journals Altered K-complex morphology during sustained inspiratory airflow limitation is associated with next-day lapses in vigilance in obstructive sleep apnea

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Parekh ◽  
Korey Kam ◽  
Anna E Mullins ◽  
Bresne Castillo ◽  
Asem Berkalieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Complex Morphology ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Inspiratory Airflow Limitation ◽  
Psychomotor Vigilance

Abstract Study Objectives Determine if changes in K-complexes associated with sustained inspiratory airflow limitation (SIFL) during N2 sleep are associated with next-day vigilance and objective sleepiness. Methods Data from thirty subjects with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea who completed three in-lab polysomnograms: diagnostic, on therapeutic continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and on suboptimal CPAP (4 cmH2O below optimal titrated CPAP level) were analyzed. Four 20-min psychomotor vigilance tests (PVT) were performed after each PSG, every 2 h. Changes in the proportion of spontaneous K-complexes and spectral characteristics surrounding K-complexes were evaluated for K-complexes associated with both delta (∆SWAK), alpha (∆αK) frequencies. Results Suboptimal CPAP induced SIFL (14.7 (20.9) vs 2.9 (9.2); %total sleep time, p &lt; 0.001) with a small increase in apnea–hypopnea index (AHI3A: 6.5 (7.7) vs 1.9 (2.3); p &lt; 0.01) versus optimal CPAP. K-complex density (num./min of stage N2) was higher on suboptimal CPAP (0.97 ± 0.7 vs 0.65±0.5, #/min, mean ± SD, p &lt; 0.01) above and beyond the effect of age, sex, AHI3A, and duration of SIFL. A decrease in ∆SWAK with suboptimal CPAP was associated with increased PVT lapses and explained 17% of additional variance in PVT lapses. Within-night during suboptimal CPAP K-complexes appeared to alternate between promoting sleep and as arousal surrogates. Electroencephalographic changes were not associated with objective sleepiness. Conclusions Sustained inspiratory airflow limitation is associated with altered K-complex morphology including the increased occurrence of K-complexes with bursts of alpha as arousal surrogates. These findings suggest that sustained inspiratory flow limitation may be associated with nonvisible sleep fragmentation and contribute to increased lapses in vigilance.

480 Cardiovascular and metabolic risk in patients with suspected comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (COMISA)

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A189-A190
Author(s):  
Miguel Meira e Cruz ◽  
Luana Seixas ◽  
Augusto Santos ◽  
João Garrido ◽  
Yuri Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Comorbid Insomnia ◽  
Systemic Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Introduction Only few studies looked for a possible association of cardiovascular disorders (CVD), in comorbid insomnia with obstructive sleep apnea (COMISA) even though this is a relevant topic in order to prevent one of the major causes of morbimortality. The present study aimed to investigate the association of insomnia symptoms in patients at risk for obstructive sleep apnea in terms of prevalence and clinical interactions and to evaluate the risk of CVD in patients with a risk for COMISA. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. All medical records with data such as age, sex, height, weight and BMI, time to sleep, time to wake up, total sleep time, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), STOP-BANG Questionnaires were studied. Insomnia and comorbidities were also investigated, and the patientsanswered yes or no to systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes, CVD. Results 685 patients were enrolled on the present study. We observed that the mild, moderate, and high risk for COMISA presented progressively increasing levels for the frequency of hypertension, diabetes, and CVD. A binary logistic regression was performed to assess whether risk for COMISA could be a predictor for CVD, and it was found that the model containing risk for COMISA was statistically significant: [x2(1)=5.273;p&lt;0.021, R2 Negelkerke=0.014]. Risk for COMISA presented itself as a significant predictor for CVD (OR=1.672; 95% CI=1.079–2.592). Conclusion There was an increased frequency of associated comorbidities such as CVD, systemic arterial hypertension, and diabetes, according to the mild, moderate, or high risk. These findings highlight the need for a cardiometabolic evaluation in patients with this comorbid condition which may impact prognosis and therapeutic success. Support (if any):

scholarly journals The efficiency of obesity treatment in patients with insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Natal'ya V. Strueva ◽  
Galina A. Mel'nichenko ◽  
Mikhail G. Poluektov ◽  
Larisa V. Savel'eva
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Clinically Significant

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dynamics of body weight and sleep disorders in the treatment of obesity.Materials and methods. The study included 200 obese patients: 83 men and 117 women.Results. Complaints about problems sleeping (snoring, hypersomnia, insomnia, etc.) were present in 78% of obese patients. 89 patients were under the observation of an endocrinologist for 7 ± 1 months, they were divided into three matched by age, sex and BMI groups: patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) (n = 42), the second – with the syndrome of insomnia (n = 19), the third (control group) – patients without sleep disorders (n = 24). After treatment of obesity the weight loss in patients with insomnia syndrome was -2.5 [-4; 0]kg, in patients with OSAS -7 [-18; -2] kg, in patients without sleep disorders -6.5 [-12; -2.25] kg. Clinically significant weight reduction was reached in 25 (59.5%) patients with OSAS; 3 (16%) – with insomnia syndrome; 15 (62.5%) – without sleep disorders.Conclusion. Thus, the insomnia syndrome essentially influences the obesity treatment results – most of patients with this sleep disorder (81.2%) do not achieve clinically significant weight loss. The presence and severity of breathing disorders during sleep do not prevent weight loss. However, with the regular use of CPAP-therapy in patients with OSAS has a tendency of greater reduction of body weight. 

scholarly journals Unwanted Overtures by Night, Remorse by Day

2019 ◽  
pp. 514-525
Author(s):  
Muna Irfan ◽  
Michel J. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Epilepsy Treatment ◽  
The Subject

Sexual behavior in sleep has only recently been recognized as a variant of non–rapid-eye-movement (NREM) arousal parasomnias. This chapter discusses a case of sexsomnia precipitated by obstructive sleep apnea, the ensuing impact on the subject and his bed partner, and evaluation and management strategies. Sexsomnia is suspected to be highly underreported and carries significant physical, psychosocial, and forensic ramifications. Polysomnography with expanded electroencephalography can help identify concurrent sleep disorders and exclude other etiologies such as epilepsy. Treatment of comorbid sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea and sleep deprivation is highly effective in controlling the abnormal sexual behavior. There is a pressing need for research and expansion of current understanding to develop a standardized approach to evaluation and management of sexsomnia.

scholarly journals Tormented Sunrises

2019 ◽  
pp. 418-434
Author(s):  
Maha Alattar
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Distinct Subset ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter covers the relationship between sleep-related headaches and sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Sleep apnea headache (SAH), a type of sleep-related headache that is classified in the International Classification of Headache Disorders, is a distinct subset of headache that is caused by OSA and occurs distinctly on awakening. Once recognized, treatment of OSA is associated with significant improvement in, and often resolution of, SAH. Given the high prevalence of headaches in the general population, sleep disorders must be considered in the evaluation of patients with headaches. A comprehensive sleep evaluation should be an integral part of the assessment of headache disorders. Sleep apnea headache and other types of headaches associated with sleep are reviewed in this chapter.

AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AMONG THE MEHSANA POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Darshan SodhaSodha ◽  
Shrish Srivastava ◽  
Ajay Kubavat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Obstructive sleep apnea is one of the most common sleep disorders and is an increasingky prevalent condition that remains largely undiagnosed. An observational crosssectional survey conducted in Orthodontic department of Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College using OSA knowledge containing 24 questions including knowledge. questionnaire consisting 24 questions was prepared and circulated to mehsana population across mehsana via google forms. 1000 pediatricians were approached via various social media and whatsapp groups to ll up the google forms. We got 612 complete responses to consider in the study. The level of knowledge regarding diagnosis and management of OSA in the Mehsana population is not optimal. Large number 80.1% were not aware about OSA and 4.7% were aware about risk factors related to OSA.

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