scholarly journals Spinal Cord Resting State Activity in Individuals With Fibromyalgia Who Take Opioids

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine T. Martucci ◽  
Kenneth A. Weber ◽  
Sean C. Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Graph Metrics ◽  
Patient Groups

Chronic pain coincides with myriad functional alterations throughout the brain and spinal cord. While spinal cord mechanisms of chronic pain have been extensively characterized in animal models and in vitro, to date, research in patients with chronic pain has focused only very minimally on the spinal cord. Previously, spinal cord functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) identified regional alterations in spinal cord activity in patients (who were not taking opioids) with fibromyalgia, a chronic pain condition. Here, in patients with fibromyalgia who take opioids (N = 15), we compared spinal cord resting-state fMRI data vs. patients with fibromyalgia not taking opioids (N = 15) and healthy controls (N = 14). We hypothesized that the opioid (vs. non-opioid) patient group would show greater regional alterations in spinal cord activity (i.e., the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations or ALFF, a measure of regional spinal cord activity). However, we found that regional spinal cord activity in the opioid group was more similar to healthy controls, while regional spinal cord activity in the non-opioid group showed more pronounced differences (i.e., ventral increases and dorsal decreases in regional ALFF) vs. healthy controls. Across patient groups, self-reported fatigue correlated with regional differences in spinal cord activity. Additionally, spinal cord functional connectivity and graph metrics did not differ among groups. Our findings suggest that, contrary to our main hypothesis, patients with fibromyalgia who take opioids do not have greater alterations in regional spinal cord activity. Thus, regional spinal cord activity may be less imbalanced in patients taking opioids compared to patients not taking opioids.

scholarly journals Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation (ALFF) in the Cervical Spinal Cord with Stenosis: A Resting State fMRI Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e0167279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojia Liu ◽  
Wenshu Qian ◽  
Richu Jin ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Keith DK Luk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Frequency Fluctuation ◽  
Fmri Study

Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation changes in monkeys with spinal cord injury: A resting-state fMRI study

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Sheng Rao ◽  
Manxiu Ma ◽  
Can Zhao ◽  
Ai-Feng Zhang ◽  
Zhao-Yang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Frequency Fluctuation ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Altered Dynamic Functional Connectivity of Cuneus in Schizophrenia Patients: A Resting-State fMRI Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11392
Author(s):  
Charles Okanda Nyatega ◽  
Li Qiang ◽  
Mohammed Jajere Adamu ◽  
Ayesha Younis ◽  
Halima Bello Kawuwa
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Sliding Windows

Objective: Schizophrenia (SZ) is a functional mental condition that has a significant impact on patients’ social lives. As a result, accurate diagnosis of SZ has attracted researchers’ interest. Based on previous research, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) reported neural alterations in SZ. In this study, we attempted to investigate if dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) could reveal changes in temporal interactions between SZ patients and healthy controls (HC) beyond static functional connectivity (sFC) in the cuneus, using the publicly available COBRE dataset. Methods: Sliding windows were applied to 72 SZ patients’ and 74 healthy controls’ (HC) rsfMRI data to generate temporal correlation maps and, finally, evaluate mean strength (dFC-Str), variability (dFC-SD and ALFF) in each window, and the dwelling time. The difference in functional connectivity (FC) of the cuneus between two groups was compared using a two-sample t-test. Results: Our findings demonstrated decreased mean strength connectivity between the cuneus and calcarine, the cuneus and lingual gyrus, and between the cuneus and middle temporal gyrus (TPOmid) in subjects with SZ. Moreover, no difference was detected in variability (standard deviation and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation), the dwelling times of all states, or static functional connectivity (sFC) between the groups. Conclusions: Our verdict suggest that dynamic functional connectivity analyses may play crucial roles in unveiling abnormal patterns that would be obscured in static functional connectivity, providing promising impetus for understanding schizophrenia disease.

Salience, central executive, and sensorimotor network functional connectivity alterations in failed back surgery syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany A. Kolesar ◽  
Elena Bilevicius ◽  
Jennifer Kornelsen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Chronic Pain Condition ◽  
Sensorimotor Network ◽  
Failed Back Surgery

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the altered patterns of functional connectivity in task-positive resting state networks in failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) patients compared to healthy controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This work stems from a previous study in which alterations in the task-negative default mode network were investigated.DesignParticipants underwent a 7-minute resting state fMRI scan in which they lay still, with eyes closed, in the absence of a task.SettingScanning took place at the National Research Council’s 3 Tesla MRI magnet in Winnipeg, Canada.SubjectsFourteen patients with FBSS and age- and gender-matched controls participated in this study. Three patients were removed from the analyses due to image artefact (n = 1) and effective pain treatment (n = 2). Eleven patients (5 female, mean age 52.7 years) and their matched controls were included in the final analyses.MethodsResting state fMRI data were analyzed using an independent component analysis, yielding three resting state networks of interest: the salience network (SN), involved in detection of external stimuli, central executive network (CEN), involved in cognitions, and sensorimotor network (SeN), involved in sensory and motor integration. Analysis of Variance contrasts were performed for each network, comparing functional connectivity differences between FBSS patients and healthy controls.ResultsAlterations were observed in all three resting state networks, primarily relating to pain and its processing in the FBSS group. Specifically, compared to healthy controls, FBSS patients demonstrated increased functional connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex within the SN, medial frontal gyrus in the CEN, and precentral gyrus within the SeN. FBSS patients also demonstrated decreased functional connectivity in the medial frontal gyrus in the SeN compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, we also observed internetwork functional connectivity in the SN and SeN.ConclusionsFBSS is associated with altered patterns of functional connectivity in the SN, CEN, and SeN. Taken together with our previous work, this reveals that a chronic pain condition can have a dramatic effect on the connectivity of multiple resting state networks.ImplicationsThese data suggest that a chronic pain condition—FBSS—is associated with disruptions to networks of functional connectivity in brain areas that are involved in numerous functions, including pain processing, sensation, and movement. It is possible that the alterations in these networks may contribute to other common chronic pain comorbidities, such as disrupted cognitions or anxiety. Previous research shows that during experimentally-induced pain, these networks can return to initial levels of functioning, indicating that these functional alterations are likely not permanent.

Functional abnormalities in Broca’s area in adolescents with ADHD: A resting-state fMRI study

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Pikusa ◽  
Rafał Jończyk
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Spontaneous Neural Activity ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Brodmann Areas ◽  
Underlying Causes

AbstractThere is evidence that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with linguistic difficulties. However, the pathophysiology underlying these difficulties is yet to be determined. This study investigates functional abnormalities in Broca’s area, which is associated with speech production and processing, in adolescents with ADHD by means of resting-state fMRI. Data for the study was taken from the ADHD-200 project and included 267 ADHD patients (109 with combined inattentive/hyperactive subtype and 158 with inattentive subtype) and 478 typically-developing control (TDC) subjects. An analysis of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), which reflects spontaneous neural activity, in Broca’s area (Brodmann Areas 44/45) was performed on the data and the results were compared statistically across the participant groups. fALFF was found to be significantly lower in the ADHD inattentive group as compared to TDC in BA 44, and in the ADHD combined group as compared to TDC in BA 45. The results suggest that there are functional abnormalities in Broca’s area with people suffering from ADHD, and that the localization of these abnormalities might be connected to particular language deficits associated with ADHD subtypes, which we discuss in the article. The findings might help explore the underlying causes of specific language difficulties in ADHD.

Spinal cord neural activity of patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls during temporal summation of pain: an fMRI study

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 946-956
Author(s):  
Roland Staud ◽  
Jeff Boissoneault ◽  
Song Lai ◽  
Marlin S. Mejia ◽  
Riddhi Ramanlal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Central Sensitization ◽  
Temporal Summation ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Second Pain

“Windup” and its behavioral correlate “temporal-summation-of-second pain” (TSSP) represent spinal cord mechanisms of pain augmentation associated with central sensitization and chronic pain. Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain disorder, where abnormal TSSP has been demonstrated. We used fMRI to study spinal cord and brainstem activation during TSSP. We characterized the time course of spinal cord and brainstem BOLD activity during TSSP which showed abnormal brainstem activity in patients with FM, possibly due to deficient pain modulation.

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