EEG-Microstates Reflect Auditory Distraction After Attentive Audiovisual Perception Recruitment of Cognitive Control Networks

Processing of sensory information is embedded into ongoing neural processes which contribute to brain states. Electroencephalographic microstates are semi-stable short-lived power distributions which have been associated with subsystem activity such as auditory, visual and attention networks. Here we explore changes in electrical brain states in response to an audiovisual perception and memorization task under conditions of auditory distraction. We discovered changes in brain microstates reflecting a weakening of states representing activity of the auditory system and strengthening of salience networks, supporting the idea that salience networks are active after audiovisual encoding and during memorization to protect memories and concentrate on upcoming behavioural response.

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935. Acute Cortisol Reactivity is Associated with Increased Connectivity from Default Mode to Cognitive Control Networks in Remitted Adolescent-Onset Depression

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.02.661 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 81 (10) ◽

pp. S378-S379

Author(s):

Amy Peters ◽

Lisanne Jenkins ◽

Jonathan Stange ◽

Katie Bessette ◽

Kristy Skerrett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Control ◽

Cortisol Reactivity ◽

Default Mode ◽

Control Networks

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The Auditory System of Homorocoryphus (Tettigonioidea, Orthoptera)

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.51.3.787 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 787-802 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. M. McKAY

Keyword(s):

Auditory System ◽

High Frequency ◽

Warning System ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Behavioural Response ◽

Inhibitory Input ◽

Phasic Response ◽

Directional Information ◽

High Frequency Sound ◽

Song Frequency

1. The responses of the auditory interneurones indicate that the tettigoniid ear discriminates frequencies. 2. The T fibre receives strong ipsilateral and weak contralateral excitatory inputs and a strong contralateral inhibitory input, from the tympanic nerves. These inputs are frequency-sensitive, the response being greatest at 30 kcyc./sec. and above. Responsiveness is low in the region of 15 kcyc./sec., which is the dominant song frequency. 3. At 30 kcyc./sec. the T fibre is most sensitive to amplitude increments, and conveys maximal directional information. Both the T fibre and the ear (as judged by the compound potential in the tympanic nerve) respond to steps of 2 dB. The directionality of the ear is enhanced by the contralateral inhibitory connexions of the T fibre. At 15 kcyc./sec. directionality is poor, but is present at 10 kcyc./sec. 4. The T fibre is inhibited by continuous sounds, including the species song. The extent of the inhibitory effect varies with the amplitude of the continuous sound. This may assist in explaining the ‘phasic’ response of the T fibre. There is little habituation to repetitive stimuli. 5. A small interneurone seen in split connectives gives a ‘tonic’ response to song and to continuous sound. It may inhibit the T fibre. Two other auditory fibres are occasionally recorded in the connectives. 6. The T fibre has all the properties required of a warning system responding to pulsed high-frequency sound, and it responds well to bat cries. There is, however, no evidence that it mediates a behavioural response.

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Increased Functional Connectivity Within and Between Cognitive-Control Networks from Early Infancy to Nine Years During Story Listening

Brain Connectivity ◽

10.1089/brain.2018.0625 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 285-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rola Farah ◽

Tzipi Horowitz-Kraus

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Early Infancy ◽

Control Networks ◽

Story Listening

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Temporal circuit of macroscale dynamic brain activity supports human consciousness

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.aaz0087 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. eaaz0087 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Zirui Huang ◽

Jun Zhang ◽

Jinsong Wu ◽

George A. Mashour ◽

Anthony G. Hudetz

Keyword(s):

Default Mode Network ◽

Functional Role ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Human Consciousness ◽

Attention Network ◽

Attention Networks ◽

Default Mode ◽

Dorsal Attention Network ◽

Brain States

The ongoing stream of human consciousness relies on two distinct cortical systems, the default mode network and the dorsal attention network, which alternate their activity in an anticorrelated manner. We examined how the two systems are regulated in the conscious brain and how they are disrupted when consciousness is diminished. We provide evidence for a “temporal circuit” characterized by a set of trajectories along which dynamic brain activity occurs. We demonstrate that the transitions between default mode and dorsal attention networks are embedded in this temporal circuit, in which a balanced reciprocal accessibility of brain states is characteristic of consciousness. Conversely, isolation of the default mode and dorsal attention networks from the temporal circuit is associated with unresponsiveness of diverse etiologies. These findings advance the foundational understanding of the functional role of anticorrelated systems in consciousness.

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