scholarly journals Dietary Quality and Sociodemographic and Health Behavior Characteristics Among Pregnant Women Participating in the New York University Children's Health and Environment Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Deierlein ◽  
Akhgar Ghassabian ◽  
Linda G. Kahn ◽  
Yelena Afanasyeva ◽  
Shilpi S. Mehta-Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
New York University ◽  
Environment Study ◽  
Behavior Characteristics

Maternal diet, prior to and during pregnancy, plays an important role in the immediate and long-term health of the mother and her offspring. Our objectives were to assess diet quality among a large, diverse, urban cohort of pregnant women, and examine associations with sociodemographic and health behavior characteristics. Data were from 1,325 pregnant women enrolled in New York University Children's Health and Environment Study (NYU CHES). Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015. Mean total HEI-2015 score was 74.9 (SD = 8.5); 376 (28%), 612 (46%), 263 (20%), and 74 (6%) of women had scores that fell into the grade range of A/B, C, D, and F, respectively. Mean HEI-2015 component scores were high for fruit and whole grains and low for protein-related, sodium, and fat-related components. In multivariable linear regression models, Hispanic women scored 1.65 points higher on the total HEI-2015 (95% CI: 0.21, 3.10) compared to non-Hispanic White women, while younger age (<30 years), parity, single status, pre-pregnancy obesity, smoking, pre-existing hypertension, moderate/severe depressive symptoms, not meeting physical activity recommendations, and not taking a vitamin before pregnancy were associated with ~1.5–5-point lower mean total HEI-2015 scores. Diet is a modifiable behavior; our results suggest a continued need for pre-conceptional and prenatal nutritional counseling.

Abstract MP02: Diet Quality Comparisons In Hispanic/Latino Siblings And The Role Of Social And Environmental Determinants: Results From The Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study Of Latino Youth (SOL Youth)

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison N LeCroy ◽  
Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani ◽  
Xiaonan Xue ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Linda Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Support ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
Children's Health Study

Introduction: Hispanic/Latino youth in the United States are disproportionately burdened by obesity. Siblings are important determinants of each other’s health behaviors, particularly in Hispanic/Latino families whose cultural values are distinctive for stressing close and supportive family relationships. However, no study in Hispanic/Latino youth has examined how overall diet quality correlates between siblings. Objective: To determine how well Hispanic/Latino siblings’ diet quality correlates with each other and whether social and environmental factors explain potential differences. Methods: Hispanic/Latino 8-16-year-olds from the Hispanic Community Children’s Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth) with at least one sibling enrolled in the study were examined ( n =749). The Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) was calculated from two 24-hour recalls to assess overall diet quality. All analyses used mixed effect models with HEI-2010 score as the outcome. Individual and family-level socio-demographic variables were fixed effects, and family and intercept were random effects. Correlations between siblings’ diet quality were assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). All models were examined stratified by age and sex, and the ICCs were compared across groups using Fisher’s z-transformation. Diet-related social and environmental measures were added as fixed effects in a secondary analysis. Results: Overall HEI-2010 score was 53.7. The ICC for siblings’ HEI-2010 score was 0.31, indicating slight correlation. Separate examination of the twelve HEI-2010 components showed that siblings’ intake of empty calories and sodium had the highest correlation (ICC=0.31), while intake of total protein foods had the lowest correlation (ICC=0.13). Siblings who were born <3 years apart (vs. ≥3 years apart) or all male or female (vs. of different sexes) had stronger correlations in overall diet quality (ICC=0.45 vs. 0.21 and 0.39 vs. 0.19, respectively, p<0.05). Individuals who reported greater peer support for fruit and vegetable intake or more frequent use of healthy school vending machines/the school salad bar than their siblings had higher HEI-2010 scores (β=1.79 [95% CI: 0.38, 2.76]) and β=1.57 [95% CI: 0.38, 2.76], respectively). Individuals who reported greater away from home food consumption than their siblings had lower HEI-2010 scores (β=-1.12 [95% CI: -2.06, -0.18]). Frequenting unhealthy school vendors did not explain differences in siblings’ diet quality. Conclusions: Overall diet quality scores of Hispanic/Latino siblings in this study were modestly correlated, with stronger correlations among siblings closer in age and of concordant sex. Differences in peer support and foods consumed outside the home may explain differences in siblings’ diet quality. Future studies should examine additional psychosocial determinants of siblings’ diets.

Diet Quality of Farm and Nonfarm Households in the First Half of the Twentieth Century: The Roles of Technological Change and Women’s Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-731
Author(s):  
Cathleen Zick ◽  
Anna Birtulescu
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Household Technology ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
Upstate New York ◽  
Strong Positive Association

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, dramatic increases in Americans’ obesity rates have led some nutrition activists to call for a return to the dietary norms of earlier times when homemakers spent more time in meal preparation. Using archival data from unique survey records gathered in Upstate New York in 1936 and 1952, we provide descriptive information on the quality of the diets using measures of the variety of foods served and a modified version of U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Healthy Eating Index. Our multivariate analyses focus in on the relationships between diet quality and sociodemographics, homemakers’ time use, and household technology. We conclude that the typical Upstate New York diet of the 1930s was not of high quality, but improvements had occurred by the early 1950s. Our multivariate analyses reveal that access to modern kitchen technology had a strong, positive association with diet quality while homemakers’ time devoted to food-related activities was only weakly linked.

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Differences in Diet Quality and Eating Habits Among WIC Pregnant Women: Implications for Policy and Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla M. Hill ◽  
Danielle L. Nunnery ◽  
Alice Ammerman ◽  
Jigna M. Dharod
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
American Women

Purpose: One of the major federal food assistance programs, the Special Supplemental Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), serves approximately 1.5 million low-income pregnant women per year; however, limited information is available on their dietary habits. This is critical because low-income women are at higher risk of gaining excess weight during pregnancy. Thus, the study objectives were to (1) determine the overall diet quality of WIC pregnant women and (2) examine diet quality and eating behaviors by race/ethnicity and other sociodemographics. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Setting: One of the 3 WIC offices in a north-central county in North Carolina, USA. Sample: Pregnant women (n = 198) in the second trimester. Measures: Interviews included sociodemographics, food security, diet, and eating behaviors. Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2010 scores. Analysis: Descriptives, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis. Results: Average participant age was 26 years, and the mean HEI-2010 score was 56 of maximum score of 100. Specifically, African American women consumed significantly lower servings of whole grains (β = −1.71; 95% CI: −3.10 to −0.32; P < .05) and dairy (β = −1.42; 95% CI: −2.51 to −0.33; P < .05) compared with non-Hispanic white women. Hispanic women scored higher in daily intake of fruits (β = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.17-1.79; P < .05) and for consuming empty calories in moderation (β = 1.57; 95% CI: 0.06-3.09; P < .05). Frequency of intake of fast foods/outside meals was higher among African American women (57%, P = .025). Conclusion: Efforts are warranted to promote optimal nutrition among WIC pregnant women. Specifically, African American women are highly vulnerable to poor dietary habits during pregnancy. Further investigation of barriers/facilitators for healthy eating is necessary to address nutrition disparities among WIC pregnant women.

scholarly journals Examination of Prenatal Dietary Choline Intake, and Maternal and Infant Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 993-993
Author(s):  
Rosemary Gatliff ◽  
Joshua Phelps ◽  
Christi Arthur ◽  
Aline Andres
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Choline Intake ◽  
Infant Birth ◽  
Dietary Choline ◽  
Maternal Bmi

Abstract Objectives The objectives of this study were to explore associations between maternal dietary choline intake and diet quality, maternal body mass index (BMI), and infant birth weight. Methods De-identified secondary data from 251 participants in a study involving pregnant women were analyzed to investigate associations between maternal dietary choline intake and infant birth weight; maternal dietary choline intake and 2015 Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores; as well as 2015 HEI scores and maternal BMI. HEI scores were calculated from 3-day food records obtained during gestation (&lt;10, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 weeks). Overall dietary choline intake during pregnancy was computed from all food records. Spearman's rank-order correlations, a one-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test, and a mixed linear model were used to test the hypotheses. Results There was a statistically significant correlation between maternal choline intake and the 1st trimester and 3rd trimester 2015-HEI scores (rs(207) = 0.204, P = 0.003 and rs(207) = 0.249, P = 0.00028, respectively). Median intake of dietary choline, 267 milligrams, was significantly lower (P &lt; 0.0005) than the adequate Intake for pregnant women (450 milligrams). There were trends (0.05 &lt; P &lt; 0.1) pointing to a pattern of negative association between maternal BMI and 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester 2015-HEI scores. Mixed model analysis revealed a statistically significant negative correlation (β = −0.001, P = 0.010) between maternal choline intake and infant birth weight. Conclusions As dietary choline increased, there was an associative decrease in birthweight; however, overall diet quality was poor and dietary choline intake was significantly lower than the recommended intake for pregnant women. These findings reflect the current body of evidence that pregnant women are at risk for choline inadequacy and that overall diet quality may help in preventing low choline intake during pregnancy. Funding Sources USDA-ARS Project.

Comparison of Diet Quality for Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women

2017 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Hande Nur Onur
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Foetal Development ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Child Bearing

A woman’s nutritional status prior to and during pregnancy affects foetal development, the course of the pregnancy and her long-term health. This study aims to determine the diets of pregnant and non-pregnant women using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). The study was performed on 43 non-pregnant and 25 pregnant volunteers, who had no chronic diseases, took no diet treatments and had a mean age of 23.0 ± 30.1 years. Their general features were determined through a questionnaire, dietary intake was measured by 24-hour dietary recall method, diet quality was assessed by HEI-2010 and energy and nutrient intake was calculated by the Nutrition Information System programme. The diet quality of 60.3% of the participants was found to be poor, while 39.7% was average. Although pregnant women had a slightly higher HEI-2010 score, the diet quality was low for all; hence, dieticians should provide nutrition education for all child-bearing aged women. Keywords: Diet quality, healthy eating index, pregnancy nutrition.

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