scholarly journals Identification of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Adolescents With Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Won Lee ◽  
Young Mi Hong ◽  
Hae Soon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Fat Thickness

Objective: There are studies that show different associations between metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular disease in adolescent. This study is aimed to identify probable cardio-vascular risk factors in obese adolescents with MS.Methods: Sixty-five obese adolescents with a body mass index (BMI) > 95 percentile were enrolled and divided into two groups with MS or without MS. Left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular mass index, ejection fraction, epicardial fat thickness, visceral fat thickness (VFT) and carotid intima-media thickness were measured. Anthropometric and blood chemistry parameters were estimated. Above parameters were compared based on presence or absence of MS.Results: The prevalence of MS was 23.1% in obese adolescents. LVM showed significant correlation with body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), fat mass, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and waist circumference (WC). VFT significantly correlated with WC, BMI, hip circumflex (HC), obesity index (OI), fat %, fat mass, insulin, TC, LDL-C, insulin, triglyceride (TG), glucose, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and leptin.Conclusions: Screening for the MS in overweight adolescents may help to predict risk of future cardiovascular disease. These data suggest that LVMI and VFT are significant parameters for predicting cardiovascular disease risk in obese adolescents.

scholarly journals The role of the metabolic profile in mediating the relationship between body mass index and left ventricular mass in adolescents: analysis of a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice R Carter ◽  
Diana L. Santos Ferreira ◽  
Amy E Taylor ◽  
Deborah A Lawlor ◽  
George Davey Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Left Ventricular Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Metabolic Traits ◽  
Ventricular Mass

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to quantify the role of the plasma metabolic profile in explaining the effect of adiposity on cardiac structure.MethodsBody mass index (BMI) was measured at age 11 in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Left ventricular mass indexed to height2.7 (LVMI), was assessed by echocardiography at age 17. The metabolic profile was quantified via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at age 15.Multivariable confounder (maternal age, parity, highest qualification, maternal smoking, pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy height, household social class and adolescent birthweight, adolescent smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity) -adjusted linear regression estimated the association of BMI with LVMI and mediation by metabolic traits. We considered 156 metabolomic traits individually, jointly as principal components (PCs) explaining 95% of the variance in the NMR platform, and assessed whether the PCs for the metabolic traits added to the proportion of the association explained by established cardiovascular risk factors (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, insulin, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, and glucose).ResultsA 1kg/m2 higher BMI was associated with a 0.70 g/m2.7 (0.53, 0.88) and 0.66 g/m2.7 (0.53, 0.79) higher LVMI in males (N=437) and females (N=536), respectively. Established risk factors explained 3% (95% CI: 2% to 5%) of this association in males, increasing to 10% (95% CI: 8%, 13%) when including metabolic PCs. In females, the standard risk factors explained 3% (95% CI: 2%, 5%) of the association, and did not increase when including the metabolic PCs.ConclusionThe addition of the NMR measured metabolic traits appear to mediate more of the effect of BMI on LVMI than the established risk factors alone in adolescent males, but not females.

scholarly journals Identification of Endothelial Proteins in Plasma Associated With Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Iglesias ◽  
Larissa D. Kruse ◽  
Laura Sanchez-Rivera ◽  
Linnea Enge ◽  
Philip Dusart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Venous Disease

Objective: Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is a well-established response to cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. Risk factor exposure can modify EC signaling and behavior, leading to arterial and venous disease development. Here, we aimed to identify biomarker panels for the assessment of EC dysfunction, which could be useful for risk stratification or to monitor treatment response. Approach and Results: We used affinity proteomics to identify EC proteins circulating in plasma that were associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor exposure. Two hundred sixteen proteins, which we previously predicted to be EC-enriched across vascular beds, were measured in plasma samples (n=1005) from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study) pilot. Thirty-eight of these proteins were associated with body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, smoking, hypertension, or diabetes. Sex-specific analysis revealed that associations predominantly observed in female- or male-only samples were most frequently with the risk factors body mass index, or total cholesterol and smoking, respectively. We show a relationship between individual cardiovascular disease risk, calculated with the Framingham risk score, and the corresponding biomarker profiles. Conclusions: EC proteins in plasma could reflect vascular health status.

scholarly journals Risk factors mediating the effect of body-mass index and waist-to-hip ratio on cardiovascular outcomes: Mendelian randomization analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipender Gill ◽  
Verena Zuber ◽  
Jesse Dawson ◽  
Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard ◽  
Alice R Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Higher body-mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, but the extent to which this is mediated by blood pressure, diabetes, lipid traits and smoking is not fully understood. Methods: Using consortia and UK Biobank genetic association summary data from 140,595 to 898,130 participants predominantly of European ancestry, MR mediation analysis was performed to investigate the degree to which genetically predicted systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetes, lipid traits and smoking mediated an effect of genetically predicted BMI and WHR on risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD) and stroke. Results: The 49% (95% confidence interval [CI] 39%-60%) increased risk of CAD conferred per 1-standard deviation increase in genetically predicted BMI attenuated to 34% (95% CI 24%-45%) after adjusting for genetically predicted SBP, to 27% (95% CI 17%-37%) after adjusting for genetically predicted diabetes, to 47% (95% CI 36%-59%) after adjusting for genetically predicted lipids, and to 46% (95% CI 34%-58%) after adjusting for genetically predicted smoking. Adjusting for all the mediators together, the increased risk attenuated to 14% (95% CI 4%-26%). A similar pattern of attenuation was observed when considering genetically predicted WHR as the exposure, and PAD or stroke as the outcomes. Conclusions: Measures to reduce obesity will lower risk of cardiovascular disease primarily by impacting on downstream metabolic risk factors, particularly diabetes and hypertension. Reduction of obesity prevalence alongside control and management of its mediators is likely to be most effective for minimizing the burden of obesity.

Concentrations of sex-hormone binding globulin and corticosteroid binding globulin in serum in relation to cardiovascular risk factors and to 12-year incidence of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality in postmenopausal women.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Lapidus ◽  
G Lindstedt ◽  
P A Lundberg ◽  
C Bengtsson ◽  
T Gredmark
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Corticosteroid Binding Globulin ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract We determined sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) by radioimmunoassay of serum samples from a group of 253 women, who were 54 or 60 years old when first studied in 1968-69. The SHBG concentration was highly significantly and inversely related to body mass, body mass index, waist-to-hip circumference ratio, and serum triglyceride concentration; CBG concentration was inversely related to body mass and body mass index. The concentration of neither protein was related to whether or not the subject smoked. Decrease in the concentration of SHBG, but not of CBG, was a significant risk factor for 12-year overall mortality. The plot of the 12-year incidence of myocardial infarction vs SHBG concentration was U-shaped. We recommend that SHBG be included when serum androgens or estrogens are being evaluated as risk factors for cardiovascular disease and death.

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