scholarly journals Piper sarmentosum Roxb. Attenuates Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Nicotine-Induced Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhd Fakh Rur Razi Md. Salleh ◽  
Amilia Aminuddin ◽  
Adila A. Hamid ◽  
Norizam Salamt ◽  
Fadhlullah Zuhair Japar Sidik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Nicotine Administration ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Exposure to cigarette smoke is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Nicotine is an addictive compound in cigarette smoke that triggers oxidative stress, which leads to vascular dysfunction. Piper sarmentosum Roxb. is a herb with antioxidant and vascular protective effects. This study evaluated the potential protective effect of the aqueous extract of P. sarmentosum leaf (AEPS) on vascular dysfunction in rats induced with prolonged nicotine administration. A total of 22 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (normal saline, oral gavage [p.o.]), nicotine (0.8 mg/kg/day nicotine, intraperitoneally [i.p.]), and nicotine + AEPS groups (250 mg/kg/day AEPS, p.o. + 0.8 mg/kg/day nicotine, i.p.). Treatment was given for 21 days. Thoracic aortae were harvested from the rats for the measurement of vasorelaxation, vascular nitric oxide (NO) level, and antioxidant level and the assessment of vascular remodeling. Rats treated with AEPS had improved vasorelaxation to endothelium-dependent vasodilator, acetylcholine (ACh), compared with the nicotine-induced rats (p < 0.05). The presence of endothelium increased the maximum relaxation of aortic rings in response to ACh. Compared with the nicotine group, AEPS enhanced vascular NO level (p < 0.001) and increased antioxidant levels as measured by superoxide dismutase activity (p < 0.05), catalase activity (p < 0.01), and reduced glutathione level (p < 0.05). No remarkable changes in aortic histomorphometry were detected. In conclusion, P. sarmentosum attenuates vascular endothelial dysfunction in nicotine-induced rats by improving vasorelaxation and enhancing vascular NO and antioxidant levels.

Roselle supplementation prevents nicotine-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and remodelling in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lislivia Yiang-Nee Si ◽  
Yusof Kamisah ◽  
Anand Ramalingam ◽  
Yi Cheng Lim ◽  
Siti Balkis Budin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nicotine Administration ◽  
Additional Group

Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) plays an important role in the initiation of cardiovascular diseases. Roselle, enriched with antioxidants, demonstrates high potential in alleviating hypertension. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of roselle supplementation of VED and remodelling in a rodent model with prolonged nicotine administration. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 6 per group) were administered with 0.6 mg/kg nicotine for 28 days to induce VED. The rats were given either aqueous roselle (100 mg/kg) or normal saline orally 30 min prior to nicotine injection daily. One additional group of rats served as control. Thoracic aorta was isolated from rats to measure vascular reactivity, vascular remodelling and oxidative stress. Roselle significantly lowered aortic sensitivity to phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction (Endo-(+) Cmax = 234.5 ± 3.9%, Endo-(–) Cmax = 247.6 ± 5.2%) compared with untreated nicotine group (Endo-(+) Cmax = 264.5 ± 6.9%, Endo-(–) Cmax = 276.5 ± 6.8%). Roselle also improved aortic response to endothelium-dependent vasodilator, acetylcholine (Endo-(+) Rmax = 73.2 ± 2.1%, Endo-(–) Rmax = 26.2 ± 0.8%) compared to nicotine group (Endo-(+) Rmax = 57.8 ± 1.7%, Endo-(–) Rmax = 20.9 ± 0.8%). In addition, roselle prevented an increase in intimal media thickness and elastic lamellae proliferation to preserve vascular architecture. Moreover, we also observed a significantly lowered degree of oxidative stress in parallel with increased antioxidant enzymes in aortic tissues of the roselle-treated group. This study demonstrated that roselle prevents VED and remodelling, and as such it has high nutraceutical value as supplement to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Ebselen reduces cigarette smoke‐induced vascular endothelial dysfunction in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Brassington ◽  
Stanley M.H. Chan ◽  
Huei Jiunn Seow ◽  
Aleksandar Dobric ◽  
Steven Bozinovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction

Beneficial effects of apple peel polyphenols on vascular endothelial dysfunction and liver injury in high choline-fed mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1282-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengfan Jia ◽  
Daoyuan Ren ◽  
Yan Nie ◽  
Xingbin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Apple Peel

APP could ameliorate HC diet-induced vascular dysfunction and hepatic injury.

Abstract P269: Circulating Factors in Response to Placental Ischemia Cause Vascular Endothelial Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Ramana Vaka ◽  
Kristen M McMaster ◽  
Mark W Cunningham ◽  
Tarek Ibrahim ◽  
Lorena M Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Placental Ischemia ◽  
New Onset

Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with placental ischemia, new onset hypertension, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Factors linking placental ischemia with endothelial dysfunction and hypertension are not completely understood. Mitochondrial (mt) dysfunction (dys) is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and we have shown that placental ischemia causes oxidative stress in RUPP rats. We hypothesize that circulating factors in RUPP rats cause vascular endothelial mt dys and mt ROS as a contributor to endothelial dysfunction and hypertension during pregnancy. Methods: Female Sprague Dawley rats were dived into two groups; normal pregnant (NP) and RUPP rats. On gestational day (GD) 14, RUPP surgery was performed, GD18 carotid catheters were inserted, and GD19 conscious blood pressure (MAP) was measured. GD 19 placentas were collected and mitochondria were isolated for respiration and ROS measurements. Mt ROS was measured spectrophotometrically in HUVECs incubated with 10% serum from NP or RUPP rats using MitoSox Red. Results: MAP was elevated in RUPP (n=9) compared to NP rats (n=9) (122±2 vs. 104±2 mmHg, p<0.05). State 3 (313±16 vs 423±15 pmol/sec/mg, p<0.05) and maximal (244±13 vs 300±11 pmol/sec/mg, p<0.05) respiration rates were significantly reduced in placental mitochondria from RUPP (n=7) vs NP (n=8) rats. RUPP placental mitochondria show 35-fold increase in ROS production compared NP mitochondria (p<0.05). HUVECs incubated with RUPP (n=7) serum showed significantly increased ROS vs NP (n=7) serum (9±3 vs 3±1, % gated, p=0.05). Conclusion: Reduced placental mitochondrial respiration and increased mt ROS support the hypothesis that mt dys and mt ROS occurs in response to placental ischemia. Importantly, increased ROS from endothelial cells in response to RUPP serum indicate the importance of circulating factors to cause vascular mt dyst and mt ROS.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Treatment Reverts Increased Arterial Basal Tone and Oxidative Stress in Nephrectomized (5/6) Hypertensive Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo O. Marañón ◽  
Claudio Joo Turoni ◽  
Maria Sofia Karbiner ◽  
Nicolas Salas ◽  
Maria Peral de Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Basal Tone ◽  
No Bioavailability

Nonischemic 5/6 nephrectomized rat (NefR) is a model of chronic kidney disease. However, little is known about vascular dysfunction and its relation with hypertension in NefR.Aims. To evaluate possible alterations of endothelial function, NO-bioavailability, and basal tone in aorta from NefR and the role of oxidative stress. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into sham rats (SR), NefR, and NefR treated with tempol (NefR-T). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal function were determined. In isolated aortic rings the following was measured: 1-endothelial function, 2-basal tone, 3-NO levels, 4-membrane potential (MP), and 5-oxidative stress. NefR increased MAP (SR: 119 ± 4 mmHg;n=7; NefR: 169 ± 6;n=8;P<0.001). Tempol did not modify MAP (NefR-T: 168 ± 10;n=6;P<0.001). NefR showed endothelial dysfunction, increased basal tone and decreased NO levels (SR: 32 ± 2 nA;n=7, NefR: 10 ± 2;n=8;P<0.001). In both in vitro and in vivo tempol improves basal tone, NO levels, and MP. Oxidative stress in NefR was reverted in NefR-T. We described, for the first time, that aorta from NefR presented increased basal tone related to endothelial dysfunction and decreased NO-bioavailability. The fact that tempol improves NO-contents and basal tone, without decrease MAP, indicates that oxidative stress could be implicated early and independently to hypertension, in the vascular alterations.

Abstract 041: Elevated Circulating Copeptin in Mid-Gestation is Associated with Increased Aortic Stiffness and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Pregnant Women at High Risk for Preeclampsia

Hypertension ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L Pierce ◽  
Donna A Santillan ◽  
Diedre Fleener ◽  
Sabrina M Scroggins ◽  
Kimberlly K Leslie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Function

Circulating copeptin, a stable biomarker of vasopressin (AVP) secretion, is elevated throughout pregnancy in women who develop preeclampsia (PreE) and is a strong predictor of PreE as early as the 6th week gestation. Reduced vascular endothelial function and increased aortic stiffness occur in mid-gestation before clinical signs/symptoms of PreE manifest, suggesting that maternal vascular dysfunction may be an early event in the pathogenesis of PreE. However, it is unknown whether elevated copeptin/AVP in early/mid gestation contributes to vascular dysfunction in pregnant women who subsequently develop PreE. Therefore, we hypothesized that elevated copeptin would be associated with increased aortic stiffness and reduced vascular endothelial function in early/mid gestation of pregnant women at high risk for PreE. Pregnant women in the 1st trimester (n=72; age=30 ±1 yrs; BMI=34 ± 1 kg/m2) with at least 1 risk factor for PreE were enrolled. Aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, CFPWV), vascular endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, FMD), blood pressure (BP) and plasma copeptin (ELISA) were assessed in both the 1st (11.7 ± 0.2 wks) and 2nd (18.8 ± 0.4 wks) trimesters. In the 1st trimester, CFPWV (7.3 ± 0.2 vs. 7.3 ± 0.5 m/sec, P=0.86), brachial artery FMD (12.9 ± 1.1 vs. 14.3 ± 2.0%, P=0.53), BP, BMI and age did not differ between women in the highest (1513 ± 221 pg/ml) vs. lowest (279 ± 12 pg/ml) quartile of copeptin (P<0.01). In contrast, 2nd trimester CFPWV was greater (7.2 ± 0.2 vs. 6.4 ± 0.2 m/sec, P<0.05) and brachial artery FMD was lower (10.2 ± 2.8 vs. 16.5 ± 1.3 %, P<0.05) among women in the highest (1714 ± 481 pg/ml) vs. the lowest (249 ± 13 pg/ml) quartile of copeptin (P<0.01), in the absence of differences in BP, BMI or age. For the entire cohort, (log)copeptin was significantly correlated with CFPWV (r=0.23, P=0.04) and tended to correlate with FMD (r=-0.23, P=0.06) in the 2nd but not in the 1st trimester. These data suggest that elevated copeptin in mid-gestation is associated with aortic stiffness and vascular endothelial dysfunction in pregnant women at high risk for PreE, but whether increased copeptin/AVP causes vascular dysfunction in pregnancies destined for PreE requires further studies using animal models.

Abstract 133: Kidney-specific Conditional Knockout of Klotho Gene Impairs Natriuresis and Causes Arterial Stiffness and Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongjie Sun ◽  
Quaisar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Systolic Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Arterial Stiffening ◽  
Klotho Gene

Background and Purpose: Deletion of Klotho leads to hypertension. The purpose of this study is to investigate if renal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) contributes to klotho deficiency-induced hypertension. Methods and Results: We generated kidney-specific conditional klotho null (KspKL -/- ) mice and found out that renal alpha subunit of ENaC is significantly upregulated compared to wild type (WT) mice. Blood pressure measured by telemetry demonstrated systolic hypertension and elevated pulse pressure suggesting vascular dysfunction in KspKL -/- . Pulse wave velocity, a marker of arterial stiffening was significantly increased in KspKL -/- mice. Amiloride, an ENaC inhibitor, completely prevented systolic hypertension and arterial stiffening in KspKL -/- mice. Ex vivo vascular relaxing responses to acetylcholine were diminished in mesenteric arteries in KspKL -/- group, indicating that klotho deficiency causes vascular endothelial dysfunction. Interestingly, treatment with amiloride abolished Klotho deficiency-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. We found that urinary sodium excretion (U Na V) was significantly impaired in KspKL -/- group. Na retention was also associated with a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), suggesting impaired renal function in KspKL -/- mice. Treatment with amiloride prevented sodium retention and improved GFR in KspKL -/- mice. Total renal nitric oxide bioavailabililty and eNOS activity were significantly decreased in KspKl -/- mice which was ameliorated by amiloride treatment. Histological and morphometric analysis showed glomerular and tubular damage in KspKL -/- , which was improved by amiloride treatment. Western blotting analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the αγ subunits of ENaC in the kidney cortex following treatment with amiloride. Conclusion: This study demonstrates for the first time that kidney-specific depletion of the klotho gene causes impairment in Na-excretion and hypertension by affecting ENaCα levels. ENaC may be a promising therapeutic target for klotho gene deficiency-induced renal and vascular dysfunction and hypertension.

scholarly journals Endothelial Dysfunction in Cystic Fibrosis: Role of Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Tucker ◽  
Brandon M. Fox ◽  
Nichole Seigler ◽  
Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez ◽  
Jacob Looney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Function ◽  
Artery Flow

Oxidative stress and vascular endothelial dysfunction are established characteristics of cystic fibrosis (CF). Oxidative stress may contribute to vascular dysfunction via inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Purpose. To determine if ingestion of a single antioxidant cocktail (AOC) improves vascular endothelial function in patients with CF. Methods. In 18 patients with CF (age 8-39 y), brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was assessed using a Doppler ultrasound prior to and two hours following either an AOC (n=18; 1,000 mg vitamin C, 600 IU vitamin E, and 600 mg α-lipoic acid) or a placebo (n=9). In a subgroup of patients (n=9), changes in serum concentrations of α-tocopherol and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) were assessed following AOC and placebo. Results. A significant (p=0.032) increase in FMD was observed following AOC (Δ1.9±3.3%), compared to no change following placebo (Δ−0.8±1.9%). Moreover, compared with placebo, AOC prevented the decrease in α-tocopherol (Δ0.48±2.91 vs. −1.98±2.32 μM, p=0.024) and tended to decrease LOOH (Δ−0.2±0.1 vs. 0.1±0.1 μM, p=0.063). Conclusions. These data demonstrate that ingestion of an antioxidant cocktail can improve vascular endothelial function and improve oxidative stress in patients with CF, providing evidence that oxidative stress is a key contributor to vascular endothelial dysfunction in CF.

Myricetin derived from Hovenia dulcis Thunb. ameliorates vascular endothelial dysfunction and liver injury in high choline-fed mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1620-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Guo ◽  
Yonghong Meng ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Yuanyuan Hu ◽  
Daoyuan Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Dietary Choline ◽  
Hovenia Dulcis

The present study was conducted to explore the protective effects of myricetin (MYR) purified from Hovenia dulcis Thunb. against vascular endothelial dysfunction and liver injury in mice fed with 3% dietary choline water.

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