scholarly journals Higher Circulating miR-199a-5p Indicates Poor Aerobic Exercise Capacity and Associates With Cardiovascular Dysfunction During Chronic Exposure to High Altitude

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Huang ◽  
Shenwei Xie ◽  
Xiaolan Gu ◽  
Bin Xiang ◽  
Zhifeng Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Cardiovascular Dysfunction ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Capacity ◽  
Important Regulator ◽  
Run Test ◽  
First Time

BackgroundHypoxia-induced decline in exercise capacity is ubiquitous among lowlanders who immigrated to high altitudes, which severely reduces their work efficiency and quality of life. Although studies have revealed that hypoxia-induced cardiovascular dysfunction limits exercise capacity at high altitudes, the mechanisms have not been well explored at the molecular level. miR-199a-5p is hypoxia-sensitive and serves as an important regulator in cardiovascular pathophysiology. However, whether miR-199a-5p is involved in cardiovascular dysfunction at high altitudes and contributes to subsequent reductions in exercise capacity remains unknown. Thus, this study aimed at exploring these relationships in a high altitude population.MethodsA total of 175 lowlanders who had immigrated to an altitude of 3,800 m 2 years previously participated in the present study. The level of plasma miR-199a-5p and the concentration of serum myocardial enzymes were detected by qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Indices of cardiovascular function were examined by echocardiography. The exercise capacity was evaluated by Cooper’s 12-min run test and the Harvard Step Test. Furthermore, we explored the biological functions of miR-199a-5p with silico analysis and a biochemical test.ResultsThe level of miR-199a-5p was significantly higher in individuals with poor exercise capacity at 3,800 m, compared with those with good exercise capacity (p < 0.001). miR-199a-5p accurately identified individuals with poor exercise capacity (AUC = 0.752, p < 0.001). The level of miR-199a-5p was positively correlated with cardiovascular dysfunction indices (all, p < 0.001). Furthermore, miR-199a-5p was involved in the oxidative stress process.ConclusionIn this study, we reported for the first time that the level of circulating miR-199a-5p was positively associated with exercise capacity during chronic hypoxia at high altitudes. Moreover, higher miR-199a-5p was involved in hypoxia-induced cardiovascular dysfunctions, thus contributing to poorer exercise endurance at high altitudes.

scholarly journals Relationship between exercise capacity and quality of life in adolescents with asthma

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Pedrolongo Basso ◽  
Mauricio Jamami ◽  
Ivana Gonçalves Labadessa ◽  
Eloisa Maria Gatti Regueiro ◽  
Bruna Varanda Pessoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the quality of life of adolescents with asthma correlates with parameters obtained prior to and after the six-minute step test (6MST); spirometric results after the 6MST; and level of physical activity. METHODS: Nineteen adolescents with asthma, ranging from 11-15 years of age, were assessed with spirometry, 6MST, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ), and the 10-point Borg category-ratio scale. RESULTS: Sensation of dyspnea correlated negatively with the total PAQLQ score (r = −0.54) and with the scores of its activity limitation (AL) and symptoms domains (r = −0.64 and r = −0.63, respectively), leg fatigue also correlating negatively with those same domains (r = −0.49 and r = −0.56, respectively). The total IPAQ score correlated with the total PAQLQ score (r = 0.47) and with the PAQLQ AL domain (r = 0.51); IPAQ time spent walking correlated with the PAQLQ symptoms domain (r = 0.45); and IPAQ time spent in vigorous activity correlated with the AL domain (r = 0.50). In the regression analysis, only sensation of dyspnea remained significantly correlated with the total PAQLQ score and the PAQLQ AL domain; leg fatigue remained significantly correlated with the symptoms domain. CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of physical activity indicate better quality of life, as do lower perception of dyspnea and less leg fatigue. The 6MST proved to be a viable option for evaluating exercise capacity in adolescents with asthma, because it reflects the discomfort that asthma causes during activities of daily living.

scholarly journals Stimulating the sir2-pgc-1α axis rescues exercise capacity and mitochondrial respiration in Drosophila tafazzin mutants.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deena Damschroder ◽  
Rubén Zapata-Pérez ◽  
Riekelt H. Houtkooper ◽  
Robert Wessells
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
Barth Syndrome ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Nicotinamide Riboside ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Severe Exercise ◽  
First Time

Cardiolipin (CL) is a phospholipid required for proper mitochondrial function. Tafazzin remodels CL to create highly unsaturated fatty acid chains. However, when tafazzin is mutated, CL remodeling is impeded, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and the disease Barth syndrome. Patients with Barth syndrome often have severe exercise intolerance, which negatively impacts their overall quality of life. Boosting NAD+ levels can improve symptoms of other mitochondrial diseases, but its effect in the context of Barth syndrome has not been examined. We demonstrate for the first time that nicotinamide riboside (NR) can rescue exercise tolerance and mitochondrial respiration in a Drosophila tafazzin mutant and that the beneficial effects are dependent on sir2 and pgc-1α . Overexpressing pgc-1α increased the total abundance of cardiolipin in mutants. In addition, muscles and neurons were identified as key targets for future therapies because sir2 or pgc-1α overexpression in either of these tissues is sufficient to restore the exercise capacity of Drosophila tafazzin mutants.

scholarly journals Effects of acetazolamide on aerobic exercise capacity and pulmonary hemodynamics at high altitudes

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitalie Faoro ◽  
Sandrine Huez ◽  
Sébastien Giltaire ◽  
Adriana Pavelescu ◽  
Aurélie van Osta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction ◽  
Arterial Oxygenation ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Pulmonary Hemodynamics ◽  
Pulmonary Vasoconstriction ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Capacity

Aerobic exercise capacity is decreased at altitude because of combined decreases in arterial oxygenation and in cardiac output. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction could limit cardiac output in hypoxia. We tested the hypothesis that acetazolamide could improve exercise capacity at altitude by an increased arterial oxygenation and an inhibition of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Resting and exercise pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) and flow (Q) (Doppler echocardiography) and exercise capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise test) were determined at sea level, 10 days after arrival on the Bolivian altiplano, at Huayna Potosi (4,700 m), and again after the intake of 250 mg acetazolamide vs. a placebo three times a day for 24 h. Acetazolamide and placebo were administered double-blind and in a random sequence. Altitude shifted Ppa/Q plots to higher pressures and decreased maximum O2 consumption (V̇o2max). Acetazolamide had no effect on Ppa/Q plots but increased arterial O2 saturation at rest from 84 ± 5 to 90 ± 3% ( P < 0.05) and at exercise from 79 ± 6 to 83 ± 4% ( P < 0.05), and O2 consumption at the anaerobic threshold (V-slope method) from 21 ± 5 to 25 ± 5 ml·min−1·kg−1 ( P < 0.01). However, acetazolamide did not affect V̇o2max (from 31 ± 6 to 29 ± 7 ml·kg−1·min−1), and the maximum respiratory exchange ratio decreased from 1.2 ± 0.06 to 1.05 ± 0.03 ( P < 0.001). We conclude that acetazolamide does not affect maximum exercise capacity or pulmonary hemodynamics at high altitudes. Associated changes in the respiratory exchange ratio may be due to altered CO2 production kinetics.

Pulmonary circulation and gas exchange at exercise in Sherpas at high altitude

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 919-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitalie Faoro ◽  
Sandrine Huez ◽  
Rebecca Vanderpool ◽  
Herman Groepenhoff ◽  
Claire de Bisschop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Capacity

Tibetans have been reported to present with a unique phenotypic adaptation to high altitude characterized by higher resting ventilation and arterial oxygen saturation, no excessive polycythemia, and lower pulmonary arterial pressures (Ppa) compared with other high-altitude populations. How this affects exercise capacity is not exactly known. We measured aerobic exercise capacity during an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test, lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DlCO) and nitric oxide (DlNO) at rest, and mean Ppa (mPpa) and cardiac output by echocardiography at rest and at exercise in 13 Sherpas and in 13 acclimatized lowlander controls at the altitude of 5,050 m in Nepal. In Sherpas vs. lowlanders, arterial oxygen saturation was 86 ± 1 vs. 83 ± 2% (mean ± SE; P = nonsignificant), mPpa at rest 19 ± 1 vs. 23 ± 1 mmHg ( P < 0.05), DlCO corrected for hemoglobin 61 ± 4 vs. 37 ± 2 ml·min−1·mmHg−1 ( P < 0.001), DlNO 226 ± 18 vs. 153 ± 9 ml·min−1·mmHg−1 ( P < 0.001), maximum oxygen uptake 32 ± 3 vs. 28 ± 1 ml·kg−1·min−1 ( P = nonsignificant), and ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide at anaerobic threshold 40 ± 2 vs. 48 ± 2 ( P < 0.001). Maximum oxygen uptake was correlated directly to DlCO and inversely to the slope of mPpa-cardiac index relationships in both Sherpas and acclimatized lowlanders. We conclude that Sherpas compared with acclimatized lowlanders have an unremarkable aerobic exercise capacity, but with less pronounced pulmonary hypertension, lower ventilatory responses, and higher lung diffusing capacity.

DEVICE FOR VERTICAL PANELS MOUNTING

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Yury I. DOLADOV ◽  
Olga Yu. KHMYLEVA
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Building Frame ◽  
The Moment ◽  
First Time

The article analyzes operations ways and mounting device of long sandwich panels as enclosing structures. It is evaluated that at the moment there are no reliable auxiliary mounting devices for vertical panels at high altitude. Proposed device improves the quality of operations and increases performance. Device is protected by license. For the first time construction features are described in details. Device gives to mounters an opportunity to work staying on the construction’s surface that is already attached on the building frame.

Communication Sciences and Disorders PhD Graduates' Perceptions of Their PhD Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-478
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Crais ◽  
Melody Harrison Savage
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Career Expectations ◽  
Doctoral Preparation ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
Phd Education ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Students Success ◽  
Phd Program

Purpose The shortage of doctor of philosophy (PhD)–level applicants to fill academic and research positions in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) programs calls for a detailed examination of current CSD PhD educational practices and the generation of creative solutions. The intended purposes of the article are to encourage CSD faculty to examine their own PhD program practices and consider the perspectives of recent CSD PhD graduates in determining the need for possible modifications. Method The article describes the results of a survey of 240 CSD PhD graduates and their perceptions of the challenges and facilitators to completing a PhD degree; the quality of their preparation in research, teaching, and job readiness; and ways to improve PhD education. Results Two primary themes emerged from the data highlighting the need for “matchmaking.” The first time point of needed matchmaking is prior to entry among students, mentors, and expectations as well as between aspects of the program that can lead to students' success and graduation. The second important matchmaking need is between the actual PhD preparation and the realities of the graduates' career expectations, and those placed on graduates by their employers. Conclusions Within both themes, graduate's perspectives and suggestions to help guide future doctoral preparation are highlighted. The graduates' recommendations could be used by CSD PhD program faculty to enhance the quality of their program and the likelihood of student success and completion. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11991480

Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina G Mentzer ◽  
Alex J Auseon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Future Therapy

Heart failure (HF) affects more than 5 million people and has an increasing incidence and cost burden. Patients note symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue that result in a decreased quality of life, which has not drastically improved over the past decades despite advances in therapies. The assessment of exercise capacity can provide information regarding patient diagnosis and prognosis, while doubling as a potential future therapy. clinically, there is acceptance that exercise is safe in hf and can have a positive impact on morbidity and quality of life, although evidence for improvement in mortality is still lacking. specific prescriptions for exercise training have not been developed because many variables and confounding factors have prevented research trials from demonstrating an ideal regimen. Physicians are becoming more aware of the indices and goals for hf patients in exercise testing and therapy to provide comprehensive cardiac care. it is further postulated that a combination of exercise training and pharmacologic therapy may eventually provide the most benefits to those suffering from hf.

Experience in the use of double broncholytic therapy in occupational practice

2019 ◽  
pp. 303-307
Author(s):  
Elena A. Beigel ◽  
Natalya G. Kuptsova ◽  
Elena V. Katamanova ◽  
Oksana V. Ushakova ◽  
Oleg L. Lakhman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Body Plethysmography ◽  
Occupational Copd ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading nosological forms of occupational respiratory disease. Numerous studies have shown high effectiveness of the combination of indacaterol/glycopyrronium (Ultibro®breezhaler®) on the impact on clinical and functional indicators in the treatment of COPD in General practice.The aim of the investigation the case of occupational COPD with the analysis of the dynamics of functional indicators, tolerance to physical load and evaluation of the quality of life of workers engaged in aluminum production by using combination of indacaterol/glycopyrronium.Materials and methods. The random sampling method included 20 men, workers of aluminum production, with the established diagnosis of professional COPD at the age of 40 to 60 years. The survey was conducted (Borg scale, medical Research Council scale (mMRC) and COPD Assessment Test (CAT). Functional methods of studies were conducted: spirometry, body plethysmography, electrocardiography (ECG) and the six-minute stepper test (6-MST).Results. Against the background of 8 weeks of therapy, the volume of forced exhalation for 1 minute (FEV1) increased by 14.7% and amounted to 67.90% of the due values, the forced vital capacity of the lungs (FVC) increased by 11.3% and amounted to 76.95% of the due. According to the body plethysmography (BPG) is set to decrease in residual lung volume on average by 13.4% and static hyperinflation, confirmed by the decrease in functional residual volume (FRV) of 18.8%. During the study period increased physical activity of patients. The average difference between the distance traveled in the six-minute step test before and after treatment was 58.8 m. The analysis of personal data showed that the quality of life of patients improved, the total score in the questionnaire CAT at the beginning of the study was 16.9 points, and after 8 weeks decreased by 63% and amounted to 10.7 points.Conclusions: The Results indicate a positive effect of combination therapy with indacaterol/glycopyrronium on the course and progression of occupational COPD.

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