scholarly journals Sex-Specific Effects of Respiratory Muscle Endurance Training on Cycling Time Trial Performance in Normoxia and Hypoxia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Chambault ◽  
Grégorine Grand ◽  
Bengt Kayser
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Endurance ◽  
Cycling Time

Objectives: We tested the hypotheses that respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) improves endurance cycling performance differently in women and men and more so in hypoxia than in normoxia.Design: A prospective pre–post cross-over study with two testing conditions.Methods: Healthy and active women (seven, 24 ± 4 years, mean ± standard deviation [SD]) and men (seven, 27 ± 5 years) performed incremental cycling to determine maximum oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and power output (Wpeak) and on different days two 10-km cycling time trials (TTs) in normoxia and normobaric hypoxia (FiO2, 0.135, ~3,500 m equivalent), in a balanced randomized order. Next they performed supervised RMET in normoxia (4 weeks, 5 days/week, 30 min/day eucapnic hyperpnea at ~60% predicted maximum voluntary ventilation) followed by identical post-tests. During TTs, heart rate, ear oximetry reading, and Wpeak were recorded.Results: The VO2peak and Wpeak values were unchanged after RMET. The TT was improved by 7 ± 6% (p < 0.001) in normoxia and 16 ± 6% (p < 0.001) in hypoxia. The difference between normoxic and hypoxic TT was smaller after RMET as compared with that before RMET (14% vs. 21%, respectively, p < 0.001). All effects were greater in women (p < 0.001). The RMET did not change the heart rate or ear oximetry reading during TTs.Conclusion: We found a greater effect of RMET on cycling TT performance in women than in men, an effect more pronounced in hypoxia. These findings are congruent with the contention of a more pronounced performance-limiting role of the respiratory system during endurance exercise in hypoxia compared with normoxia and more so in women whose respiratory system is undersized compared with that of men.

Respiratory muscle endurance training in humans increases cycling endurance without affecting blood gas concentrations

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 582-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Stuessi ◽  
Christina M. Spengler ◽  
Claudia Knöpfli-Lenzin ◽  
Gawril Markov ◽  
Urs Boutellier
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Endurance

scholarly journals Effects of respiratory muscle endurance training on cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics, and effort perceptions during maximal exercise

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Johnna Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Cerebral Oxygenation ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Endurance

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a 4-week respiratory muscle endurance training (eRMT) program on the physiological and psychological aspects of central fatigue using, respectively, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and quantification of effort perceptions during maximal exercise. A secondary objective was to assess any impact of eRMT on respiratory health and exercise performance. This study compared pre- and post-eRMT data from the same group of healthy adults. The results indicated that eRMT did not have any effect on respiratory function, exercise time to exhaustion, or physiological responses to exercise but significantly decreased ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise. An increase in the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin [O2Hb], deoxygenated hemoglobin [HHb], and total hemoglobin [tHb] during exercise was observed post-eRMT compared to pre-eRMT, and this increase differed by hemisphere. Based on these preliminary findings, we suggest an eRMTinduced left-to-right hemodynamic shift during exercise, consistent with the change from a novel to a learned task.

scholarly journals Effects of Respiratory Muscle Endurance Training in Hypoxia on Running Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1477-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEISHO KATAYAMA ◽  
KAZUSHIGE GOTO ◽  
TOSHIYUKI OHYA ◽  
ERIKA IWAMOTO ◽  
KENJI TAKAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Endurance

scholarly journals Long-Term Respiratory Muscle Endurance Training in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis: First Results after Four Months of Training

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Rassler ◽  
Grit Marx ◽  
Stephanie Hallebach ◽  
Petra Kalischewski ◽  
Irene Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Endurance Time ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Training Frequency ◽  
First Results ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Endurance

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is characterized by reduced muscle endurance and is often accompanied by respiratory complications. Improvement of respiratory function is therefore an important objective in MG therapy. A previous study demonstrated that respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) over four weeks increased respiratory muscle endurance of MG patients to about 200% of baseline. The purpose of the present study was to establish an appropriate maintenance training and to test its effects over four months. Ten patients with mild to moderate MG participated in this study. During the first month, they performed five training sessions per week. For the following 3 months, training frequency was reduced to five sessions per two weeks. Myasthenia score, lung function, and respiratory endurance were determined prior to training, after the first month, and after 4 months. Myasthenia score improved from0.71±0.1to0.56±0.1(P=0.007). Respiratory endurance time increased from6.1±0.8to20.3±3.0min (P<0.001). In conclusion, this RMET maintenance program is feasible and is significantly beneficial for MG patients.

Influence of 2-Weeks Ingestion of High Chlorogenic Acid Coffee on Mood State, Performance, and Postexercise Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Nieman ◽  
Courtney L. Goodman ◽  
Christopher R. Capps ◽  
Zack L. Shue ◽  
Robert Arnot
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cycling Time

This study measured the influence of 2-weeks ingestion of high chlorogenic acid (CQA) coffee on postexercise inflammation and oxidative stress, with secondary outcomes including performance and mood state. Cyclists (N = 15) were randomized to CQA coffee or placebo (300 ml/day) for 2 weeks, participated in a 50-km cycling time trial, and then crossed over to the opposite condition with a 2-week washout period. Blood samples were collected pre- and postsupplementation, and immediately postexercise. CQA coffee was prepared using the Turkish method with 30 g lightly roasted, highly ground Hambela coffee beans in 300 ml boiling water, and provided 1,066 mg CQA and 474 mg caffeine versus 187 mg CQA and 33 mg caffeine for placebo. Plasma caffeine was higher with CQA coffee versus placebo after 2-weeks (3.3-fold) and postexercise (21.0-fold) (interaction effect, p < .001). Higher ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) levels were measured after exercise with CQA coffee versus placebo (p = .01). No differences between CQA coffee and placebo were found for postexercise increases in plasma IL-6 (p = .74) and hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (9 + 13 HODEs) (p = .99). Total mood disturbance (TMD) scores were lower with CQA coffee versus placebo (p = .04). 50-km cycling time performance and power did not differ between trials, with heart rate and ventilation higher with CQA coffee, especially after 30 min. In summary, despite more favorable TMD scores with CQA coffee, these data do not support the chronic use of coffee highly concentrated with chlorogenic acids and caffeine in mitigating postexercise inflammation or oxidative stress or improving 50-km cycling performance.

Enhanced Cycling Time-Trial Performance During Multiday Exercise With Higher-Pressure Compression Garment Wear

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ewan R. Williams ◽  
James McKendry ◽  
Paul T. Morgan ◽  
Leigh Breen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Compression Garments ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Time ◽  
Trial Performance

Purpose: Compression garments are widely used as a tool to accelerate recovery from intense exercise and have also gained traction as a performance aid, particularly during periods of limited recovery. This study tested the hypothesis that increased pressure levels applied via high-pressure compression garments would enhance “multiday” exercise performance. Methods: A single-blind crossover design, incorporating 3 experimental conditions—loose-fitting gym attire (CON), low-compression (LC), and high-compression (HC) garments—was adopted. A total of 10 trained male cyclists reported to the laboratory on 6 occasions, collated into 3 blocks of 2 consecutive visits. Each “block” consisted of 3 parts, an initial high-intensity protocol, a 24-hour period of controlled rest while wearing the applied condition/garment (CON, LC, and HC), and a subsequent 8-km cycling time trial, while wearing the respective garment. Subjective discomfort questionnaires and blood pressure were assessed prior to each exercise bout. Power output, oxygen consumption, and heart rate were continuously measured throughout exercise, with plasma lactate, creatine kinase, and myoglobin concentrations assessed at baseline and the end of exercise, as well as 30 and 60 minutes postexercise. Results: Time-trial performance was significantly improved during HC compared with both CON and LC (HC = 277 [83], CON = 266 [89], and LC = 265 [77] W; P < .05). In addition, plasma lactate was significantly lower at 30 and 60 minutes postexercise on day 1 in HC compared with CON. No significant differences were observed for oxygen consumption, heart rate, creatine kinase, or subjective markers of discomfort. Conclusion: The pressure levels exerted via lower-limb compression garments influence their effectiveness for cycling performance, particularly in the face of limited recovery.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document