scholarly journals Effects of Enterobacter cloacae HG-1 on the Nitrogen-Fixing Community Structure of Wheat Rhizosphere Soil and on Salt Tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Ji ◽  
Zhaoyang Liu ◽  
Liping Hao ◽  
Xin Song ◽  
Changdong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Wheat Rhizosphere

Paenibacillus beijingensis sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing species isolated from wheat rhizosphere soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ying Wang ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Qing X. Li ◽  
San-Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Wheat Rhizosphere

scholarly journals Erratum to: Paenibacillus beijingensis sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing species isolated from wheat rhizosphere soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ying Wang ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
Qing X. Li ◽  
San-Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Wheat Rhizosphere

Influence of oxytetracycline on the structure and activity of microbial community in wheat rhizosphere soil

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 954-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingxiang YANG ◽  
Jing ZHANG ◽  
Kongfang ZHU ◽  
Hao ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Wheat Rhizosphere ◽  
Structure And Activity

scholarly journals Rhizobium tropici Genes Involved in Free-Living Salt Tolerance are Required for the Establishment of Efficient Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis with Phaseolus vulgaris

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquina Nogales ◽  
Rosario Campos ◽  
Hanaa BenAbdelkhalek ◽  
José Olivares ◽  
Carmen Lluch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Trna Synthetase ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Rhizobium Tropici

Characterization of nine transposon-induced mutants of Rhizobium tropici with decreased salt tolerance (DST) allowed the identification of eight gene loci required for adaptation to high external NaCl. Most of the genes also were involved in adaptation to hyperosmotic media and were required to overcome the toxicity of LiCl. According to their possible functions, genes identified could be classified into three groups. The first group included two genes involved in regulation of gene expression, such as ntrY, the sensor element of the bacterial ntrY/ntrX two-component regulatory system involved in regulation of nitrogen metabolism, and greA, which encodes a transcription elongation factor. The second group included genes related to synthesis, assembly, or maturation of proteins, such as alaS coding for alanine-tRNA synthetase, dnaJ, which encodes a molecular chaperone, and a nifS homolog probably encoding a cysteine desulfurase involved in the maturation of Fe-S proteins. Genes related with cellular build-up and maintenance were in the third group, such as a noeJ-homolog, encoding a mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase likely involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, and kup, specifying an inner-membrane protein involved in potassium uptake. Another gene was identified that had no homology to known genes but that could be conserved in other rhizobia. When inoculated on Phaseolus vulgaris growing under nonsaline conditions, all DST mutants displayed severe symbiotic defects: ntrY and noeJ mutants were impaired in nodulation, and the remaining mutants formed symbiosis with very reduced nitrogenase activity. The results suggest that bacterial ability to adapt to hyper-osmotic and salt stress is important for the bacteroid nitrogen-fixing function inside the legume nodule and provide genetic evidence supporting the suggestion that rhizobia face severe environmental changes after their release into plant cells.

DNA Sequence and Community Structure Diversity of Multi-Year Soil Fungi in Grape of Xinjiang

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Liu ◽  
Feng Xue
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Seedless Grape ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vineyard Soil

Abstract This study is designed to understand the community structure and diversity of fungi in the rhizosphere soil of grape. As the sample for this study, the rhizosphere soil of Crimson seedless grape with different planting years was collected from Shihezi in Xinjiang to carry out high-throughput sequencing, by which the complete sequence of soil fungi DNA was identified, and accordingly, the richness and diversity index of fungi were determined. The results showed that the dominant phyla of fungi in the grape rhizosphere soil with different planting years were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and the dominant classes of fungi were Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes. Soil organic matter, total potassium, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were the main soil fertility factors affecting the abundance and diversity of soil fungal communities, among which soil organic matter had the most significant influence. In addition, the fungal diversity and richness were highest in the middle layer (20-35 cm) of the grape rhizosphere soil with 12 planting years and lowest in the lower layer (35-50 cm) of the grape rhizosphere soil with 5 planting years. Linear discriminant analysis suggested that there were more biomarkers in the vineyard rhizosphere soil with 10 planting years, which meant there were more fungal communities with significant difference in the soil, especially in the middle layer (20-35). The results of this study can provide data reference and theoretical basis for improving vineyard soil quality, evaluating soil microecological effects and improving ecological environment of vineyard soil.

Characterization of Bacterial Community Structure in Rhizosphere Soil of Grain Legumes

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
M.K. Aneja ◽  
J. Mayer ◽  
J.C. Munch ◽  
M. Schloter
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Grain Legumes

scholarly journals Changes of nematode community under monoculture wheat and wheat/jujube intercropping system in Xinjiang, Northwest China

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. B. Liu ◽  
L. L. Zhang ◽  
Q. Z. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Arid Area ◽  
Structural Index ◽  
Soil Food Web ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Wheat Rhizosphere ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Nematode Abundance ◽  
Soil Status

Summary Nematode communities in the soils of wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.) rhizosphere grown alone and grown in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) orchard were investigated for three years in Hetian arid area, Xingjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwest of China. The results showed that eu-dominant families were Rhabditidae, Cephalobidae and Aphelenchidae among 15 families and 19 genera. Nematode abundance in wheat rhizosphere soil was smaller in wheat/jujube intercropping system, mainly because of lower numbers of bacterial feeders and fungal feeders. Besides, the nematode numbers of cp-1 and cp-2 (cp, colonizer-persister) guilds were significantly lower in wheat/jujube intercropping system than that in monoculture wheat system, due to the markedly lower numbers of Rhabditidae and Cephalobidae, although those of cp-3 and cp-4 guilds had no significant differences between monoculture and intercropping systems. Shannon-Weaver index (H’), genus dominance index (Ig) and structural index (SI), represented soil food web diversity and structure, had no differences between monoculture and intercropping systems. Significantly lower values of Wasilewska index (WI) and PPI/MI in monoculture wheat than in intercropping system. It was concluded that the soil status in monoculture wheat system exhibited better soil ecosystem in compared with wheat/ jujube intercropping system.

scholarly journals Linking Microbial Community Structure to Trait Distributions and Functions Using Salinity as an Environmental Filter

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. Rath ◽  
Arpita Maheshwari ◽  
Johannes Rousk
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Environmental Filter ◽  
Trait Distribution ◽  
Nonsaline Soil

ABSTRACT The structure and function of microbial communities vary along environmental gradients; however, interlinking the two has been challenging. In this study, salinity was used as an environmental filter to study how it could shape trait distributions, community structures, and the resulting functions of soil microbes. The environmental filter was applied by salinizing nonsaline soil (0 to 22 mg NaCl g−1). Our targeted community trait distribution (salt tolerance) was determined with dose-response relationships between bacterial growth and salinity. The bacterial community structure responses were resolved with Illumina 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and the microbial functions determined were respiration and bacterial and fungal growth. Salt exposure quickly resulted in filtered trait distributions, and stronger filters resulted in larger shifts. The filtered trait distributions correlated well with community composition differences, suggesting that trait distribution shifts were driven at least partly by species turnover. While salt exposure decreased respiration, microbial growth responses appeared to be characterized by competitive interactions. Fungal growth was highest when bacterial growth was inhibited by the highest salinity, and it was lowest when the bacterial growth rate peaked at intermediate salt levels. These findings corroborated a higher potential for fungal salt tolerance than bacterial salt tolerance for communities derived from a nonsaline soil. In conclusion, by using salt as an environmental filter, we could interlink the targeted trait distribution with both the community structure and resulting functions of soil microbes. IMPORTANCE Understanding the role of ecological communities in maintaining multiple ecosystem processes is a central challenge in ecology. Soil microbial communities perform vital ecosystem functions, such as the decomposition of organic matter to provide plant nutrition. However, despite the functional importance of soil microorganisms, attribution of ecosystem function to particular constituents of the microbial community has been impeded by a lack of information linking microbial processes to community composition and structure. Here, we apply a conceptual framework to determine how microbial communities influence ecosystem processes, by applying a “top-down” trait-based approach. By determining the dependence of microbial processes on environmental factors (e.g., the tolerance to salinity), we can define the aggregate response trait distribution of the community, which then can be linked to the community structure and the resulting function performed by the microbial community.

Effect of a fungus, Hypoxylon spp., on endophytes in the roots of Asparagus

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoshuai Huang ◽  
Qunying Jin ◽  
Huazheng Peng ◽  
Tangjun Zhu ◽  
Hualin Ye
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Microbe Diversity ◽  
Endophytic Community

ABSTRACT The fungal isolate Hypoxylon spp. (Sj18) was isolated from the root of pecan. It might have effects on the plant's stress tolerance and endophytic community. Inoculation experiments were carried out on the roots of Asparagus with normal and inactivated Sj18, and the diversity and community structure of endophytes in the root of inoculated Asparagus were studied. It was found that Sj18 fungi affected the endophytic community of Asparagus roots. From being a low-abundance genus, the salt-tolerant bacterium Halomonas became the dominant genus. In order to verify that Sj18 can improve salt tolerance, Arabidopsis thaliana was inoculated with Sj18 in a salt tolerance test. The result showed that A. thaliana grew better in a high salt environment after inoculation with Sj18. Sj18 changed the microbe diversity, community composition and structure of endophytes in the roots of Asparagus, which increased the bacterial diversity. A total of 16 phyla and 184 genera of bacteria were detected. However, the diversity of fungi decreased.

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