scholarly journals Segregation and Life Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Montero ◽  
Miguel Vargas ◽  
Diego Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Socioeconomic Segregation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Municipal Level

Our aim is to cast light on socioeconomic residential segregation effects on life satisfaction (LS). In order to test our hypothesis, we use survey data from Chile (Casen) for the years 2011 and 2013. We use the Duncan Index to measure segregation based on income at the municipality level for 324 municipalities. LS is obtained from the CASEN survey, which considers a question about self-reported well-being. Segregation’s impact upon LS is not clear at first glance. On one hand, there is evidence telling that segregation’s consequences are negative due to the spatial concentration of poverty and all the woes related to it. On the other hand, segregation would have positive effects because people may feel stress, unhappiness, and alienation when comparing themselves to better-off households. Additionally, there is previous evidence regarding the fact that people prefer to neighbor people of a similar socioeconomic background. Hence, an empirical test is needed. In order to implement it, we should deal with two problems, first, the survey limited statistical significance at the municipal level, hence we use the small area estimation (SAE) methodology to improve the estimations’ statistic properties, and second, the double causality between segregation and LS; to deal with the latter, we include lagged LS as a regressor. Our findings indicate that socioeconomic segregation has a positive effect on LS. This result is robust to different econometric specifications.

scholarly journals Asymmetric Social Comparison and Life Satisfaction in Social Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Olivos ◽  
Pablo Olivos-Jara ◽  
Magdalena Browne
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Upward Comparison ◽  
Downward Comparison ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this study is to understand the effect of asymmetric social comparison on subjective well-being, and how it differs due to reciprocity. Our approach considers the social network of individuals as a local reference group. We tested competing hypotheses on negative and positive effects of comparison with worse-off (downward) and better-off (upward) targets with a representative sample of 1,596 Chileans over the age of 18. The findings support that life satisfaction is influenced by social comparison. By considering the social network as a reference group, the positive effect of downward comparison and the negative effect of upward comparison are confirmed. Upward comparison seems to be more substantial than downward comparison. Additionally, the positive effect of downward comparison decreases slightly with a reciprocal exchange of support between respondents and targets. The application of social network analysis opens a path to understanding the mechanisms underlying social comparison processes.

A review of research into knowledge sharing

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Process Perspective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose The purpose of this study is to summarize findings from research into knowledge sharing and to provide suggestions for further research. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review was carried out through three phases – review protocol, conducting the review and reporting the review. A thematic analysis was carried out on 61 peer reviewed studies. Findings The review looks at the impact of knowledge sharing in three categories – individual, team and organizational. The main factors studied were creativity, performance and learning. Knowledge sharing goes beyond work-related impacts and has a positive effect on team climate, job satisfaction and life satisfaction. Directions for future research were identified as adopting an interaction and process perspective, investigating negative, differential and psychological impacts and improving methodology through use of qualitative and longitudinal studies. Practical implications As knowledge sharing does have positive psychological effects including enhanced job and life satisfaction it would be beneficial to build it into the organization’s well-being program. Originality/value This paper has an original approach as it is the first systematic review to be carried out on research into knowledge sharing and suggests areas for further investigation.

scholarly journals On the Playing Field to Improve: A Goal for Autism

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Luigi Vetri ◽  
Michele Roccella
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Positive Effect

In recent years, there has been a renewed attention to lifestyle-based interventions in people with autism spectrum disorder. The positive effects of physical exercise programs have been well documented both in healthy people and in people with disabilities in the fields of psychological well-being, cognitive outcome and medical health. There is much less evidence about the opportunity to attempt a team-group sport for people with autism. Although researchers seem to suggest an overall positive effect, playing team sports for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) means dealing with difficulties in social interactions and limitations in motor functions. This narrative review aims to report studies about the effects, improvements and difficulties that people with autism have to face when they play the world’s most popular team sport: soccer.

scholarly journals Inequality and Social Rank: Income Increases Buy More Life Satisfaction in More Equal Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 014616722092385
Author(s):  
Edika G. Quispe-Torreblanca ◽  
Gordon D. A. Brown ◽  
Christopher J. Boyce ◽  
Alex M. Wood ◽  
Jan-Emmanuel De Neve
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Income Distributions ◽  
Equal Income ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

How do income and income inequality combine to influence subjective well-being? We examined the relation between income and life satisfaction in different societies, and found large effects of income inequality within a society on the relationship between individuals’ incomes and their life satisfaction. The income–satisfaction gradient is steeper in countries with more equal income distributions, such that the positive effect of a 10% increase in income on life satisfaction is more than twice as large in a country with low income inequality as it is in a country with high income inequality. These findings are predicted by an income rank hypothesis according to which life satisfaction is derived from social rank. A fixed increment in income confers a greater increment in social position in a more equal society. Income inequality may influence people’s preferences, such that in unequal countries people’s life satisfaction is determined more strongly by their income.

The Effects of Holiday Leisure Travel on Subjective Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Experience Sharing

2020 ◽  
pp. 004728752096638
Author(s):  
Grace B. Yu ◽  
M. Joseph Sirgy ◽  
Michael Bosnjak
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Leisure Travel ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Leisure Travelers ◽  
Positive Effect

Despite growing interest in experience sharing among leisure travelers, there is still limited research concerning the role of travel experience sharing on leisure traveler’s life satisfaction. The main objective of this research is to test the moderation effects of experience sharing during and after leisure travel on the bottom-up spillover process of tourists’ leisure travel satisfaction–life satisfaction hierarchy. The positive effect of holiday trip motivation fulfillment on overall holiday trip satisfaction is hypothesized to be amplified by on-site experience sharing (e.g., uploading holiday pictures or videos to social media platforms while traveling). Also, the positive effect of holiday trip satisfaction on holiday travelers’ subjective well-being is hypothesized to be amplified by posttrip experience sharing (e.g., publishing blog posts or travel reports online post trip). We used data from a large-scale social survey in Germany (N = 2,198) and the results confirmed the hypotheses. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

RESTART: Rehabilitation Evaluation in Survivors of Testicular Cancer after Radical Treatment—Pilot study effect on HADS-anxiety subscore.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9590-9590
Author(s):  
Jeff D. White ◽  
Gordon J. S. Rustin ◽  
Jennifer Harrington ◽  
Chris Hewitt ◽  
Sandra White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Testis Cancer ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Radical Treatment ◽  
End Point

9590 Background: Most testis cancer (TC) patients are cured, but some experience significant physical and psychological consequences. Multi-dimensional rehabilitation programmes have largely been studied in breast cancer, with positive effects on physical and psychological well being. The needs of young males are likely to be significantly different. Addressing the ‘Survivorship agenda’, we performed a study of the feasibility, composition and acceptability of a rehabilitation programme for TC patients. Methods: TC patients, aged >16, who had completed all radical treatment within the preceding 8 weeks, with no major cardio-respiratory problems were eligible. The 6 week multi-dimensional programme consisted of the following; exercise, psychological wellbeing, nutrition, finance, fertility, return to work and follow up. Primary end point was change in the HADS anxiety sub-score from pre (Week 1) to post the programme (Week 6). To detect with 90% power at the 10% 1-sided level of statistical significance a within patient change of 1.5 in the HADS anxiety sub-score (assuming a within patient SD of 3), 26 evaluable participants were required. Secondary objectives were the effect on QOL, HADS depression, exercise capacity and BMI. Results: 35 patients were recruited in 5 cohorts between Feb 2012 and Nov 2012 from 2 UK Cancer Centres; 32 patients were evaluable for the primary end point. Mean age at registration was 38 years (SD =10.45). 94% of the evaluable participants attended 5 or more sessions (30/32 participants). Participant feedback; 36.7% rated their overall score as 10 out of 10, with 93% of participants rating the programme ≥8. Conclusions: A multi-faceted rehabilitation programme appears deliverable and acceptable in TC patients. The study demonstrates a positive effect with a reduction in HADS anxiety score following participation. Having established the feasibility of this programme, a RCT of the programme vs. standard care is planned. Clinical trial information: ISRCTN77608320. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Dynamic Associations Between Lifestyle Factors and Positive and Negative Affect in Middle-Aged African Americans

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 364-364
Author(s):  
Raheem Paxton ◽  
Chuong Bui ◽  
Rebecca Allen ◽  
Edward Sazonov
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the dynamic association between lifestyle factors and both positive and negative effect in middle-aged African Americans. Methods Study participants (N = 69, Mean age=51 years, 80% female) were recruited from two African American churches in the Deep South. Participants completed daily surveys on positive and negative effect, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet quality, and sleep quality daily for up to 10-days. Mixed-effect models were used to examine associations between the variables of interest. Results On days that participants were more active, they experienced higher mean positive effect (P = .015) and lower mean negative effect (P = .028) scores. Conversely, more time spent sitting in lagged models (i.e., T-1) was associated with higher mean negative effect (P = .001) and lower mean positive effect (P = .040) scores. In lagged models, better sleep quality was associated with higher positive effects (P = .007) scores but reported lower negative effects (P < .0001) scores on the same day. Lastly, on days where diet quality was higher, positive effect scores were higher (P < 0.05). Association between diet quality and positive effect was moderated by age (P = .025). Conclusion The data suggest that same and previous day health behaviors may have a significant impact on the health and well-being of middle-aged African Americans. More research is needed to determine whether these behaviors can be targeted in real-time as a means of improving mental health outcomes in this population.

The Relationship Between Spiritual Well-Being and Life Satisfaction During COVID-19

2022 ◽  
pp. 425-443
Author(s):  
Elif Baykal
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Field Research ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Turkey is among the countries that has been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Thousands of people have lost their lives, and the outbreak has caused millions of people to experience both physiological and psychological problems. This study examines the effect of spiritual well-being on the life satisfaction levels of individuals the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was carried out on white-collar employees working in the service sector in Turkey. The data of the field research was collected through online surveys from a sample of 384 employees. The findings show that spiritual well-being has a positive effect on life satisfaction.

scholarly journals Does Taking a Short Break from Social Media Have a Positive Effect on Well-being? Evidence from Three Preregistered Field Experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Przybylski ◽  
Thuy-vy T. Nguyen ◽  
Wilbert Law ◽  
Netta Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Social Relatedness ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractConcerns about the consequences of social media use on well-being has led to the practice of taking a brief hiatus from social media platforms, a practice known as “digital detoxing.” These brief “digital detoxes” are becoming increasingly popular in the hope that the newly found time, previously spent on social media, would be used for other, theoretically more rewarding, activities. In this paper, we test this proposition. Participants in three preregistered field experiments (ntot = 600) were randomly assigned to receiving each of two conditions on each of two different days: a normal-use day or an abstinence day. Outcomes (social relatedness, positive and negative affect, day satisfaction) were measured on each of the two evenings of the study. Results did not show that abstaining from social media has positive effects on daily well-being (in terms of social relatedness, positive and negative affect, day satisfaction) as suggested by the extant literature. Participants reported similar well-being on days when they used social media and days when they did not. Evidence indicated that abstinence from social media had no measurable positive effect on well-being, and some models showed significant deficits in social relatedness and satisfaction with one’s day. We discuss implications of the study of social media hiatus and the value of programmatic research grounded in preregistered experimental designs.

scholarly journals Against All Odds or by Dint of Privilege? Happiness and Life Satisfaction Returns to College in America

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311877315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Degree Attainment ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
College Degree ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
Health Gains ◽  
The Life Course

Health gains linked to a college degree appear to be contingent on childhood socioeconomic background, with disadvantaged individuals typically showing the greatest gains in physical health. However, contingent gains in subjective well-being remain unexplored. This study examines happiness and life satisfaction gains linked to college degree attainment, using representative U.S. data spanning recent decades (from the General Social Survey 1972–2014). For women, happiness and life satisfaction gains linked to college are highest for those who were least likely to attend and graduate based on their family economic circumstances. In contrast, men show the highest life satisfaction gains from college when coming from privileged family backgrounds. These findings fall in line with gender and institutional perspectives on education and life chances. For both sexes, college disparities in life satisfaction show substantial variation across cohorts and the life course.

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