scholarly journals Reducing Implicit Cognitive Biases Through the Performing Arts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josué García-Arch ◽  
Cèlia Ventura-Gabarró ◽  
Pedro Lorente Adamuz ◽  
Pep Gatell Calvo ◽  
Lluís Fuentemilla
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Separate Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Healthy Participants

The aim of the present research was to test whether involvement in a 14-days training program in the performing arts could reduce implicit biases. We asked healthy participants to complete an Implicit Association Test (IAT) to assess biased attitudes to physical illness in two separate sessions, before and after the training program. Two separate control groups matched by age, gender and educational level completed the two IAT sessions, separated by same number of days, without being involved in the training program. Results showed that participants who were involved in the training program reduced their implicit bias toward illness measured through IAT in the second session. This reduction in IAT measures was not observed in the control samples, despite the two IAT measures being matched in temporal delay with the experimental group. These findings suggest that an interventional program based on the performing arts could be effective in reducing levels of implicit biases among the general population.

scholarly journals Reducing implicit cognitive biases through the performing arts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josué García Arch ◽  
Cèlia Ventura-Gabarró ◽  
Pedro Lorente Adamuz ◽  
Pep Gatell Calvo ◽  
Lluís Fuentemilla
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Separate Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Healthy Participants

The main purpose of the present research was to test whether involvement in a 14-day training program on the performing arts could reduce implicit biases. We asked healthy participants to complete an Implicit Association Test (IAT) to assess biased attitudes to physical illness in two separate sessions, before and after the training program. A separate control group matched by age, gender and educational level completed the two IAT sessions, separated by same number of days, without being involved in the training program. Results showed that participants who were involved in the training program reduced their implicit bias towards illness measured through IAT in the second session. This reduction in IAT measures was not observed in the control sample, despite the two IAT measures being matched in temporal delay with the experimental group. These findings suggest that an interventional program based on the performing arts could be effective in reducing levels of implicit biases among the general population.

scholarly journals Effect of Cold Dialysis Solution on the Sexual Dysfunction of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahele Hassanpour Moghaddam ◽  
Fatemeh Nazemian ◽  
Sedigheh Rastaghi ◽  
Mostafa Rad
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Female Sexual Function ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Dialysis Solution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of cold dialysis solution on the sexual dysfunction of patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted with a before and after parallel design among 60 hemodialysis patients diagnosed with sexual dysfunction. The selected subjects were randomly allocated to the two groups of experimental and control (30 per each). Patients in the experimental and control groups underwent hemodialysis for one month using 35.5°C and 37°C dialysis solutions, respectively. Following the procedure, male and female sexual function was assessed in the study groups. Data were collected using the International Index of Erectile Functions, the female sexual function index (FSFI), and a demographic questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon test at 95% confidence interval. Results: No significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups regarding male sexual function before and after the intervention (P > 0.05). However, the Mann-Whitney U test indicated a significant difference in the female subjects’ arousal in the experimental group before (3.68 ± 0.38) and after the intervention (3.98 ± 0.46; z = 2.216; P = 0.027). Conclusions: Cold dialysis solution could only increase the sexual arousal of the women in the experimental group, and no changes were observed in other sexual function domains of the male and female patients. Given the short duration of our intervention, it is recommended that further longitudinal studies be performed on larger cohorts of patients in different geographical regions.

scholarly journals The Effects of the TPACK-P Educational Program on Teachers’ TPACK: Programming as a Technological Tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 636
Author(s):  
Seong Won Kim ◽  
Youngjun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
Experimental Group

Background/Objectives: This study examined the effects of introducing programming as a technological tool for teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) development.Methods/Statistical Analysis: Thirty-two teachers were divided into two groups, completing different types of TPACK educational programs. The control group’s TPACK training program was based on information and communication technology (ICT), while that of the experimental group was based on programming. To verify the effectiveness of the TPACK training program, tests were administered before and after the educational program. A statistical analysis of questionnaire results also investigated changes resulting from TPACK.Findings: Both the control and experimental groups showed statistically significant improvements in the post-test compared with the pre-test. However, in the detailed areas of TPACK by group, the improvements in the two groups differed. Unlike the control group, the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in the knowledge related to technology. This result illustrated that programming is effective in solving the problem of integrating technology into the classroom. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the post-test, as this was applied in the short term. However, programming has been shown to affect Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), and TPACK. In summary, the results showed that a TPACK educational program based on programming is effective for teachers’ TPACK development. Keywords: TPACK, In-service teacher, Programming, TPACK-P, Educational program

The Evaluation of a Training Programme in Rape Crisis Intervention for Lay Therapists

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Alan J. Flisher ◽  
Gordon M. Isaacs
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Rape Crisis

A training programme in rape crisis intervention for lay therapists (members of Rape Crisis in Cape Town) is described and evaluated. Apart from this experimental group ( N = 8), there were two control groups: one consisting of members of Rape Crisis who did not attend the programme ( N = 9) and the other consisting of people who were not members of Rape Crisis and had not attended the programme ( N = 8). Levels of facilitativeness (FAC) and action orientatedness (ACT) that subjects were able to offer before and after the programme were assessed, using a modification of the instrument developed by Carkhuff. The levels of FAC that subjects were able to offer were not affected by the programme. Members of Rape Crisis offered significantly lower levels of FAC than those subjects who were not members of Rape Crisis, both before or after the programme. The programme appeared to increase the levels of ACT that subjects were able to offer. Theoretical and practical explanations for, and implications of, these results are examined.

scholarly journals The Role of Aquatic Training Program Among Special Need Children on Vestibular Processing of Sensory Stimulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 5080-5085
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
And Control ◽  
Aquatic Training ◽  
Experimental Group

This study is pursued to find the role of Aquatic Training Program for children with special needs. Sensory profile questionnaire was used to assess the before and after performance of each students of each groups for Vestibular Processing, of 25Children average of age nine years, randomly selected from Asha AWWA school at Delhi, India. Participants were divided into two groups Experimental (13) and Control groups (12). Result of Two Way ANOVA reflects positive accelerated change only in experimental group, showing moderate to considerable benefits with 27 session aquatic training program. In addition, individualized improvement was also studied, which resulted into minor to major enhancement of vestibular processing among all the experimental group participants. Hence a prolonged Structured Aquatic Training Program (intervention) is off paramount to get the best results. These findings also enhance the preceding research work based on aquatic intervention as vestibular senses develop first and controls other senses since the baby is in womb, so it is important to develop this sense so other sense can process better to acquire a better life

scholarly journals Peningkatan Pemahaman Perawat Pelaksana dalam Penerapan Keselamatan Pasien Melalui Pelatihan Keselamatan Pasien

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Yulia ◽  
Achir Yani S Hamid ◽  
Mustikasari Mustikasari
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Safety Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hospital Control ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstrakUpaya membangun budaya keselamatan pasien memerlukan komitmen yang dipengaruhi pengetahuan perawat. Tujuan penelitianquasi experiment ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan keselamatan pasien terhadap pemahaman perawat pelaksanamengenai penerapan keselamatan pasien. Hasil penelitian pada 83 perawat pelaksana di RS XX (kelompok eksperimen) dan83 perawat pelaksana di RS XY (kelompok kontrol) menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang bermakna pemahaman perawat pelaksanasebelum dan setelah mendapatkan pelatihan pada kelompok eksperimen (p= 0,000; α= 0,05) dan tidak ada perbedaan padapemahaman perawat pelaksana sebelum dan setelah pada kelompok kontrol (p= 0,417; α= 0,05). Rumah sakit perlu melakukanprogram pelatihan keselamatan pasien secara berkelanjutan dan mengembangkan standar kinerja untuk memfasilitasi transferpengetahuan perawat.Kata Kunci: keselamatan pasien, pelatihan, pemahaman, perawat pelaksanaAbstractEfforts to build a culture of patient safety required commitment is influenced by knowledge of nurses. This quasi-experimentalstudy aimed to describe the influence of patient safety training for nursing staff’s comprehension of the implementation ofpatient safety’s procedure. Results for 83 nursing staffs XX Hospital (experimental group) and 83 nursing staffs XY Hospital(control group) showed no significant differences in understanding nursing staffs before and after receiving training in theexperimental group (p= 0.000; α= 0.05) and no difference in understanding nursing staffs before and after in the controlgroup (p= 0.417; α= 0.05). Hospitals need to make patient safety training program on an ongoing basis and develop performancestandards as a facilitation of transferred of nursing staff’s knowledge.Keywords: comprehension, nursing staffs, patient safety, training

scholarly journals Effect of an aged wearing suit on nursing student’s knowledge and attitude

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Mandegari Bamakan ◽  
Khadijeh Nasiriani ◽  
Farzan Madadizadeh ◽  
Fatemeh Keshmiri
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background The knowledge and attitude of health care providers are important and influential factors in providing care services to the elderly and need to be considered during the training course. Simulation in geriatric nursing education can be an opportunity for learners to experience the restrictions of the elderly. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of training through simulation on the attitude and knowledge of nursing students in elderly care. Methods This study was quasi-experimental with two experimental and control groups of pre and post-test, which was conducted on 70 nursing students of the 5th semester (two groups of 35 people). For the experimental group, the elderly simulation suit was worn for two hours, which was designed by the researcher and created sensory, physical, and motor restrictions similar to the elderly for students. Before and after the study, Kogan’s attitudes toward older people scale and Palmore’s “facts on aging quiz” were completed by students. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test and paired t-test using SPSS version 16 software. Results The mean scores of students’ knowledge in the experimental and control groups had no significant difference at the beginning of the study (p < 0.05). But the mean scores of knowledge in the experimental group before and after the intervention was (9.2 ± 2.6) and (15.3 ± 3.5), respectively, and in the control group before and after the intervention was (10.4 ± 2.9) and (11.3 ± 2.6), respectively, which had a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0001). The mean scores of students’ attitudes in the experimental and control groups had no significant difference at the beginning of the study (p < 0.05). The mean scores of attitude in the experimental group before and after the intervention was (114.69 ± 8.4) and (157.31 ± 10.7), respectively and in the control group before and after the intervention was (113.34 ± 13.6) and (108.5 ± 16.6), respectively, which was significantly different (p = 0.0001). Conclusions Based on the findings, the experience of aging restrictions through simulation has improved the knowledge and attitude of nursing students towards the elderly. Nursing education requires the growth of attitudinal skills, individuals’ beliefs, and creating empathy among them, so creating simulation opportunities can assist nursing students in the educational processes.

scholarly journals SCHOOL ANXIETY IN ADOLESCENTS-PERFECTIONISTS: CORRECTION EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Alyona Vavilova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
School Success ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Shifting ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Anxiety ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The article is devoted to the study of school anxiety in adolescents-perfectionists and exploring ways of its correction. It was found that high levels of perfectionism in adolescents can increase the probability of impaired emotional well-being and, in particular, excessive levels of anxiety. To determine the level of perfectionism and components of school anxiety in pupils, two psychodiagnostic methods were used: the “Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale” by P. Hewitt and G. Flett and the “Multidimensional Anxiety Scale” by K. Malkova. The study of school anxiety was conducted in two stages: before and after correction. The correction involved setting realistic goals and adequate requirements for oneself; formation the ability for justified risk; shifting focus on achievement, not failure. The results of a comparative analysis of anxiety before and after correction in the participants of the experimental group indicated a statistically significant decrease anxiety related to the assessment of others; anxiety in relationships with teachers; anxiety related to school success; anxiety in knowledge testing situations. The results of a comparative analysis of experimental and control groups adolescents-perfectionists confirmed the effectiveness of corrective action aimed at reducing school anxiety due to the presence of destructive perfectionist attitudes. 

scholarly journals Can a Cognitive-Behavioral Group-Therapy Training Program for the Treatment of Child Sexual Abuse Reduce Levels of Burnout and Job-Strain in Trainees? Initial Evidence of a Brazilian Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (58) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Figueiredo Damásio ◽  
Luísa Fernanda Habigzang ◽  
Clarissa Pinto Pizarro de Freitas ◽  
Sílvia Helena Koller
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Work Demand ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Behavioral Group ◽  
Adolescent Victims ◽  
Experimental Group

This study evaluated the extent to which a professional training program of an evidence-based intervention for the treatment of child and adolescent victims of sexual abuse could reduce strain and burnout levels in trainees. Participants were 30 psychologists, 19 of whom composed the experimental group (G1) and 11 the comparison group (G2). Data collection occurred before and after the training. The results showed that the ‘work demand’ increased for G1 and remained stable for G2, whereas the ‘control at work’ remained stable for G1 while decreasing for G2. Regarding burnout levels, there was a decrease in depersonalization and stabilization in the levels of emotional exhaustion and reduced professional efficacy for G1, whereas for G2, all the burnout indicators significantly increased. These results partially support the perspective that the training program would have an indirect protective effect on the occupational psychopathology levels of the trainees.

First Evaluation of a Stereotype Reduction Workshop

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Kamfer ◽  
Daniel J.L. Venter
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
South African Universities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

In this study the authors attempt to evaluate a stereotype reduction workshop conducted with students from three South African universities. Pre- and post-measures in the form of the stereotypes produced for salient outgroups, and responses on a scale designed to measure constructs related to the aims of the workshop, were gathered from an experimental and a control group. Results were encouraging. The experimental group produced significantly fewer negative stereotypes for one of the outgroups after attending the intervention than they did before the intervention, while the control group's pre-intervention negative stereotypes still existed afterwards. Significant differences in the ratio of negative to total outgroup stereotypes produced before and after the intervention were also found between the experimental and the control groups. On the scale that was used, the post-scores for the experimental group were significantly higher than for the control group, but only at the 90% confidence level. Weaknesses in the design are indicated, and suggestions for further research are made.

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