scholarly journals Reducing implicit cognitive biases through the performing arts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josué García Arch ◽  
Cèlia Ventura-Gabarró ◽  
Pedro Lorente Adamuz ◽  
Pep Gatell Calvo ◽  
Lluís Fuentemilla
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Separate Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Healthy Participants

The main purpose of the present research was to test whether involvement in a 14-day training program on the performing arts could reduce implicit biases. We asked healthy participants to complete an Implicit Association Test (IAT) to assess biased attitudes to physical illness in two separate sessions, before and after the training program. A separate control group matched by age, gender and educational level completed the two IAT sessions, separated by same number of days, without being involved in the training program. Results showed that participants who were involved in the training program reduced their implicit bias towards illness measured through IAT in the second session. This reduction in IAT measures was not observed in the control sample, despite the two IAT measures being matched in temporal delay with the experimental group. These findings suggest that an interventional program based on the performing arts could be effective in reducing levels of implicit biases among the general population.

scholarly journals Reducing Implicit Cognitive Biases Through the Performing Arts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josué García-Arch ◽  
Cèlia Ventura-Gabarró ◽  
Pedro Lorente Adamuz ◽  
Pep Gatell Calvo ◽  
Lluís Fuentemilla
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Separate Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Healthy Participants

The aim of the present research was to test whether involvement in a 14-days training program in the performing arts could reduce implicit biases. We asked healthy participants to complete an Implicit Association Test (IAT) to assess biased attitudes to physical illness in two separate sessions, before and after the training program. Two separate control groups matched by age, gender and educational level completed the two IAT sessions, separated by same number of days, without being involved in the training program. Results showed that participants who were involved in the training program reduced their implicit bias toward illness measured through IAT in the second session. This reduction in IAT measures was not observed in the control samples, despite the two IAT measures being matched in temporal delay with the experimental group. These findings suggest that an interventional program based on the performing arts could be effective in reducing levels of implicit biases among the general population.

scholarly journals The Effects of the TPACK-P Educational Program on Teachers’ TPACK: Programming as a Technological Tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 636
Author(s):  
Seong Won Kim ◽  
Youngjun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
Experimental Group

Background/Objectives: This study examined the effects of introducing programming as a technological tool for teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) development.Methods/Statistical Analysis: Thirty-two teachers were divided into two groups, completing different types of TPACK educational programs. The control group’s TPACK training program was based on information and communication technology (ICT), while that of the experimental group was based on programming. To verify the effectiveness of the TPACK training program, tests were administered before and after the educational program. A statistical analysis of questionnaire results also investigated changes resulting from TPACK.Findings: Both the control and experimental groups showed statistically significant improvements in the post-test compared with the pre-test. However, in the detailed areas of TPACK by group, the improvements in the two groups differed. Unlike the control group, the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in the knowledge related to technology. This result illustrated that programming is effective in solving the problem of integrating technology into the classroom. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the post-test, as this was applied in the short term. However, programming has been shown to affect Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), and TPACK. In summary, the results showed that a TPACK educational program based on programming is effective for teachers’ TPACK development. Keywords: TPACK, In-service teacher, Programming, TPACK-P, Educational program

scholarly journals Peningkatan Pemahaman Perawat Pelaksana dalam Penerapan Keselamatan Pasien Melalui Pelatihan Keselamatan Pasien

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Yulia ◽  
Achir Yani S Hamid ◽  
Mustikasari Mustikasari
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Safety Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hospital Control ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstrakUpaya membangun budaya keselamatan pasien memerlukan komitmen yang dipengaruhi pengetahuan perawat. Tujuan penelitianquasi experiment ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan keselamatan pasien terhadap pemahaman perawat pelaksanamengenai penerapan keselamatan pasien. Hasil penelitian pada 83 perawat pelaksana di RS XX (kelompok eksperimen) dan83 perawat pelaksana di RS XY (kelompok kontrol) menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang bermakna pemahaman perawat pelaksanasebelum dan setelah mendapatkan pelatihan pada kelompok eksperimen (p= 0,000; α= 0,05) dan tidak ada perbedaan padapemahaman perawat pelaksana sebelum dan setelah pada kelompok kontrol (p= 0,417; α= 0,05). Rumah sakit perlu melakukanprogram pelatihan keselamatan pasien secara berkelanjutan dan mengembangkan standar kinerja untuk memfasilitasi transferpengetahuan perawat.Kata Kunci: keselamatan pasien, pelatihan, pemahaman, perawat pelaksanaAbstractEfforts to build a culture of patient safety required commitment is influenced by knowledge of nurses. This quasi-experimentalstudy aimed to describe the influence of patient safety training for nursing staff’s comprehension of the implementation ofpatient safety’s procedure. Results for 83 nursing staffs XX Hospital (experimental group) and 83 nursing staffs XY Hospital(control group) showed no significant differences in understanding nursing staffs before and after receiving training in theexperimental group (p= 0.000; α= 0.05) and no difference in understanding nursing staffs before and after in the controlgroup (p= 0.417; α= 0.05). Hospitals need to make patient safety training program on an ongoing basis and develop performancestandards as a facilitation of transferred of nursing staff’s knowledge.Keywords: comprehension, nursing staffs, patient safety, training

scholarly journals The Effect of Polarized Training (SIT, HIIT, and ET) on Muscle Thickness and Anaerobic Power in Trained Cyclists

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6547
Author(s):  
Paulina Hebisz ◽  
Rafał Hebisz
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mountain Bike ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of two different concepts in a training program on muscle thickness and anaerobic power in trained cyclists. Twenty-six mountain bike cyclists participated in the study and were divided into an experimental group (E), which performed polarized training, comprising sprint interval training (SIT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and endurance training (ET), and a control group (C), which performed HIIT and ET. The experiment was conducted over the course of 9 weeks. Laboratory tests were performed immediately before and after the conducted experiment, including an ultrasound measurement of the quadriceps femoris muscle thickness and a sprint interval testing protocol (SITP). During the SITP, the cyclists performed 4 maximal repetitions, 30 s each, with a 90-s rest period between the repetitions. SITP was performed to measure maximal and mean anaerobic power. As a result of the applied training program, the muscle thickness decreased and the mean anaerobic power increased in the experimental group. By contrast, no significant changes were observed in the control group. In conclusion, a decrease in muscle thickness with a concomitant increase in mean anaerobic power resulting from the polarized training program is beneficial in mountain bike cycling.

scholarly journals Effects of a self-training program on shooting performance and kinematics in young basketball players: a case study (Efectos de un programa de autoentrenamiento sobre el rendimiento y cinemática de tiro en jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto: un caso de estu

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Pedro Grenha ◽  
José Moura ◽  
Eduardo Guimarães ◽  
Pedro Fonseca ◽  
Filipa Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
Ball Release ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Release Height ◽  
Release Speed ◽  
Experimental Group

  The current study intended to investigate the effects of a self-training program on shooting performance and kinematics of young basketball players. Fourteen male basketball players aged 16.64±.50 years, divided in control group (n=7) and experimental group (n=7), were assessed on free-throw, two-point and three-point shooting performance and on four kinematic parameters (release height, release angle, release speed and trajectory variability), before and after a five-week training program. During the five-week period, the experimental group accomplished a shooting training program that included 600 shots per week. Both groups maintained their regular basketball practice. The results show that the experimental group significantly increased their shooting performance on three-point (p<.05) and on free-throw (p<.05). Moreover, a significant decrease in three-point ball release angle (p<.05) and a significant increase in free-throw ball release height (p<.05) were observed in the experimental group, while the control group significantly increased the two-point ball release speed (p<.05). In conclusion, self-shooting basketball practice, in addition to formal practice, significantly improves shooting performance of young basketball players. In contrast, the reduced changes on the analysed kinematic parameters caused by the self-training program are most likely a consequence of the absence of external feedback during training process.  Resumen. El propósito del presente estudio fue investigar los efectos de un programa de autoentrenamiento en el rendimiento y cinemática de tiro de jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto. Catorce jugadores de baloncesto masculinos, de 16.64±0.50 años, divididos en grupo de control (n=7) y grupo experimental (n=7), fueron evaluados en el rendimiento de tiro libre, de dos puntos y de tres puntos y en cuatro parámetros cinemáticos (altura de liberación, ángulo de liberación, velocidad de liberación y variabilidad de la trayectoria), antes y después de un programa de entrenamiento de cinco semanas. Durante el período de cinco semanas, el grupo experimental realizó un programa de entrenamiento de tiro que incluía 600 tiros por semana. Ambos grupos mantuvieron su práctica regular de baloncesto. Los resultados muestran que el grupo experimental aumentó significativamente su rendimiento en el tiro de tres puntos (p<.05) y en el tiro libre (p<.05). Además, se observó, en el grupo experimental, una disminución significativa del ángulo de liberación en el tiro de tres puntos (p<.05) y un aumento significativo de la altura de liberación en el tiro libre (p<.05), mientras que el grupo de control aumentó significativamente la velocidad de liberación en el tiro de dos pontos (p<.05). En conclusión, la autopráctica de tiro en baloncesto, además de la práctica formal, mejora significativamente el rendimiento de tiro de los jugadores jóvenes. Por el contrario, los cambios reducidos en los parámetros cinemáticos analizados son probablemente una consecuencia de la ausencia de corrección externa durante el proceso de autoentrenamiento.

scholarly journals The Effect of Gratitude Training Program on the Gratitude Levels of University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Ayşe Eliüşük-bülbül
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Counseling ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
Experimental Group

In this research, the effect of gratitude training program on the gratitude levels of university students was examined. The sample group of the research consisted of 34 students studying at the Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Ereğli Faculty of Education Guidance and Psychological Counseling Department. The Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ) developed by McCullough et al. (2002) and adapted to Turkish by Yüksel and Oğuz (2012) was used for gathering the data. The scale was applied 3 times; before and after the application and 2 months after the application. A 6-week gratitude training program was applied to the experimental group. Nothing was applied to the control group. The data was generated using the SPSS program. Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test were used in the analysis of the data. Significant differences were found in the level of gratitude of the individuals as a result of the practice.

Effect of aerobic training on the plasma ACTH response to exercise

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 2499-2501 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Buono ◽  
J. E. Yeager ◽  
A. A. Sucec
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Submaximal Work ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Adult Volunteers ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to reexamine the effect of training on plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) levels during exercise. Ten adult volunteers were split into a control and an experimental group. The experimental group participated in a 12-wk training program that resulted in a significant 11% increase in their mean maximal O2 uptake. The plasma ACTH response to a 150-W work rate was measured in both groups before and after the training program. The experimental group demonstrated a significant reduction in the ACTH response (11 vs. 4 pg/ml) to the work rate, whereas the control group demonstrated an unchanged response (16 vs. 13 pg/ml) over the course of the study. These data suggest that the ACTH response to an absolute submaximal work rate is blunted after training.

The Effects of an In-service Program upon the Attitudes of Nursing Aides

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack J. Lehman ◽  
James W. Vargo
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Service Program ◽  
Physically Disabled ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Nursing Aides ◽  
Experimental Group

Twenty-six female nursing aides were divided into two groups to determine whether an in-service training program would enhance their attitudes toward physically disabled geriatric patients requiring custodial care. The Attitude Toward Disabled Persons Questionnaire (ATDP) was administered to the experimental and control groups before and after the in-service training program. Each in-service program consisted of a lecture on a specific topic followed by informal discussion of patient care. Three research hypotheses were tested to evaluate the effectiveness of the in-service program in altering attitudes toward the physically disabled: (1) The experimental group would score higher on post-test than on pre-test; (2) The control group would not score higher on post-test than on pre-test; and (3) The experimental group would change more from pre-test to post-test than would the control group. All three research hypotheses were supported (the first at p<.005 and the third at p<.01). Limitations of the study and suggestions for further research were discussed.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Religious Psychological Counseling Based Program in Reducing Psychological Stress among Mothers of Disabled Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Yahya Al-Qatawneh ◽  
Saleh Al-Khawaldeh
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Psychological Counseling ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

The study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of a religious psychological counseling based program in reducing the level of psychological stress of a sample of mothers of disabled children. The sample was intentionally chosen from Al Amal Center for Multi- Disabilities. The sample of this study was assigned randomly into two groups: an experimental group which consisted of (15) mothers who received the training program and a control group which consisted of (15) mothers who did not receive the training program. The researcher administered a pre -post scale on both groups before and after the implementation of the training program to test hypotheses of the study and calculate means, standard deviations, MANOVA and ANCOVA. The results revealed significant differences between the means of the two groups (experimental and control) in favor of the experimental group. Such results were evidenced through a two -month follow up that followed the training program. The study recommended conducting further research on the impact of religious counseling in reducing psychological stress.

The Effects of Baduanjin Qigong in the Prevention of Bone Loss for Middle-Aged Women

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (05) ◽  
pp. 741-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsing-Hsia Chen ◽  
Mei-Ling Yeh ◽  
Fang-Ying Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prevention Of Bone Loss ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a 12-week Baduanjin qigong training program in preventing bone loss for middle-aged women. An experimental design was adopted, and subjects were assigned randomly into an experimental group ( n = 44) and a control group ( n = 43). The experimental group received a 12-week Baduanjin qigong training program, whereas the control group did not. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured before and after the intervention. The results showed significant differences in IL-6 (t = -5.19, p < 0.000) and BMD (t = 1.99, p = 0.049) between the groups. Baduanjin reduced IL-6 and maintained BMD in the experimental group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates promising efficacy of Baduanjin in preventing bone loss commonly occurring in middle-aged women. Thus, Baduanjin is valuable for promoting and maintaining the health status of middle-aged women.

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