scholarly journals Testing the Effectiveness of the Health Belief Model in Predicting Preventive Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Romania and Italy

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Alfons Karl ◽  
Ronald Fischer ◽  
Elena Druică ◽  
Fabio Musso ◽  
Anastasia Stan
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

We use a cultural psychology approach to examine the relevance of the Health Belief Model (HBM) for predicting a variety of behaviors that had been recommended by health officials during the initial stages of the COVID-19 lockdown for containing the spread of the virus and not overburdening the health system in Europe. Our study is grounded in the assumption that health behavior is activated based on locally relevant perceptions of threats, susceptibility and benefits in engaging in protective behavior, which requires careful attention to how these perceptions might be structured and activated. We assess the validity of the HBM in two European countries that have been relatively understudied, using simultaneous measurements during acute periods of infection in Romania and Italy. An online questionnaire provided a total of (N = 1863) valid answers from both countries. First, to understand individual difference patterns within and across populations, we fit a General Linear Model in which endorsement was predicted by behavior, country, their interaction, and a random effect for participants. Second, we assess the effect of demographics and health beliefs on prevention behaviors by fitting a multi-group path model across countries, in which each behavior was predicted by the observed health belief variables and demographics. Health beliefs showed stronger relationships with the recommended behaviors than demographics. Confirming previously reported relationships, self-efficacy, perceived severity, and perceived benefits were consistently related to the greater adoption of individual behaviors, whereas greater perceived barriers were related to lower adoption of health behaviors. However, we also point to important location specific effects that suggest that local norms shape protective behavior in highly contextualized ways.

Gender Differences in Health-check Attendance and Intention in Young Adults: An Application of the Health Belief Model

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Munley ◽  
Angus McLoughlin ◽  
Jeremy J. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Cues To Action ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model ◽  
Do So

AbstractHealth-check attendance intention and behaviour in young men and women was compared, and the data used to determine whether health belief model constructs were able to predict such intentions and behaviour. Sixty male and sixty female respondents completed questionnaires asking about past health-check attendance behaviour, future attendance intention, and health beliefs. More females than males had previously attended a general health check, and females had stronger intentions to do so in the future. Regression analyses indicated that health-check attendance intention was predicted for both males and females by responses to cues to action. For females, previous health-check attendance was related to responses to cues to action and perceptions of barriers to attendance. None of the health belief model constructs was found to account for previous attendance behaviour of males. The results of the study support recent calls for health promotion initiatives aimed at men, but suggest that they should target cognitions other than those included within the health belief model.

scholarly journals The Validity and Reliability of Health Belief Scale for Testicular Cancer Self-Examination

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilknur Aydin Avci ◽  
Busra Altinel
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
The Health Belief Model

This study aimed to create a measurement tool for the determination of university students’ health beliefs about testicular cancer (TC) and self-examination. This is a methodological and cross-sectional study. The study sample included 425 university students. Consents and approvals were obtained from the relevant institutions and the ethics committee prior to the research. The data were collected using an interview form that included questions about descriptive characteristics, family history of TC, and knowledge, beliefs, and practice of self-examination. The health belief model including 41 questions about self-examination and the interview form were administered to the students in their classrooms at a suitable time. Principal components analysis and varimax rotation were used for the examination of the structures of the factors. Accordingly, factor patterns, self-values, and the variance percentages they explained were evaluated. The average age of the participants is 22.2 ± 2.3 (min = 17; max = 40). Of them, 98.8% of the participants are single ( n = 420). Of them, 56.2% have heard about TC before, and 18.4% said they were informed about TC. Factor loading of the items in the first factor was 0.64 to 0.89, while it was 0.48 to 0.75 for the items in the second factor, 0.50 to 0.87 for the items in the third factor, 0.37 to 0.68 for the items in the fourth factor, 0.51 to 0.68 for the items in the fifth factor, and 0.65 to 0.79 for the items in the sixth factor. The health belief model scale may be used in TC screenings for males to measure susceptibility, seriousness, health motivation, barriers, benefits, and self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Understanding Flu Vaccination Acceptance Among U.S. Adults: The Health Belief Model and Media Sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2019) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Tong Xia ◽  
Connor Grady ◽  
Michael Cacciatore ◽  
Glen Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
Flu Vaccine ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Based on previous studies about the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the reinforcing relationship between media selectivity or preference and individual’s behavior, this study used a national representative adult sample to assess flu vaccination as the result of an appraisal of relevant health beliefs, trust towards the authoritative entities (e.g. CDC & FDA) and vaccine-related media information, in addition to one’s existing behavior pattern. Results showed that not-vaccinated individuals differ significantly in their vaccine-related health believes and the trust towards the authoritative information sources. This group acquired less recommendation from health care providers and more negative sentiments about flu vaccine overall. After controlling for the existing behavior, media selectivity and perceived vaccine benefit are predicting individual’s vaccination hesitancy and intention in the coming flu season.

scholarly journals Physical Activities and Construct of Health Belief Models in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in the Era of Pandemy Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 698-709
Author(s):  
Arika Umi Zar'in ◽  
Novita Intan Arovah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Belief Models ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Health Belief Model ◽  
Special Region

This study aims to determine (1) the pattern, level and status of physical activity, (2) differences in the level of physical activity based on the construct status of the health belief model and (3) the relationship between physical activity status and the construct status of the health belief model in the people of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This research is a cross-sectional observational survey research on the DIY community as many as 390 people using convenience sampling technique with online questionnaire. Physical activity is measured using the Global Physical activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) which calculates the metabolic equivalent of task (MetS) per week, while the health belief model construct is measured using the adaptation instrument from the COVID-19 snapshoot and monitoring (COSMO-WHO). The pattern of physical activity is seen by the level of physical activity in three domains (work, transport and leisure or recreation). The difference in the level of total physical activity in the construct of health belief model uses kruskall-wallis, while the relationship between physical activity status and constructs in health belief is tested by using chi square with a confidence level of 5%. The results of this study indicate that the physical activity pattern of the DIY community is dominated by recreational activities, with an average of 868.37 Mets / week, followed by the work domain with an average of 521.28 Mets / week and the transport domain with an average of 233.54 Mets / week. People who fall into the category of moderate physical activity status are 71%. DIY people who have a high level of HBM status tend to have sufficient physical activity status with a sig value of 0,000 in all constructs. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the HBM construct and the physical activity status in the new normal era in the DIY community with high HBM status, so they will have a better level of physical activity status than those who have low HBM status, with a correlation value of 0.89 which meaning very strong.

Preventing HIV Infection among Juvenile Delinquents: Educational Diagnosis Using the Health Belief Model

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Lux ◽  
Rick Petosa
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

The purpose of this study was to use an enhanced version of the Health Belief Model as a conceptual framework to describe health beliefs and safer sex intentions for HIV prevention educational needs of juvenile delinquents between the ages of thirteen to eighteen years incarcerated in state supported training schools in Ohio. An accessible sample ( n = 452) of juvenile delinquents from four of nine institutions was the study population. Juvenile delinquents in this study were at high risk for HIV infection. They reported low rates of safer sex intentions. Rates of perceived barriers to condom use and perceived social barriers to safer sex were high and consistent with low rates of safer sex intention. Rates of self-efficacy for condom use were high but inconsistent with intentions. While a majority of subjects reported self-efficacy for discussion of sexual histories, a larger majority reported low efficacy for disclosing previous high-risk behavior. This suggests that discussion of sexual history with a partner may not be effective in reducing risk among this population. The primary source of information about HIV was the mass media. HIV prevention programs for juvenile delinquents should consider the current health beliefs of this high-risk, hard-to-reach population.

Health Beliefs and Optimism as Predictors of Preventive Health Decisions in Hong Kong Chinese

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1059-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian C. L. Lai ◽  
P. Nicholas Hamid ◽  
Sheung Tak Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

The effects of components of the Health Belief Model and optimism on preventive intention were examined in 144 Hong Kong Chinese. Two variables related to the Health Belief Model, susceptibility and severity, were experimentally manipulated for an imaginary flu outbreak and a hypothetical vaccine. Participants indicated their intention to take the hypothetical vaccine after reading each of the 4 combinations of high versus low susceptibility and severity. Analysis suggested that both higher susceptibility and higher severity were associated with stronger behavioral intention to take the vaccine. Higher optimism scores were significantly associated with lower intention to take preventive action. In addition, a significant interaction was observed for optimism and severity. The effect of optimism was higher when severity was low than when it was high. Implications of these findings for research among Chinese were discussed.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, Practices, and Health Beliefs of Pregnant Women about Urinary Tract Infection and Its Associated Risk Factors: A Local Filipino Community Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalyn Navarro ◽  
Raphael Enrique Tiongco ◽  
Reynaldo Bundalian Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Urinary tract infection (UTI) during pregnancy is assumed to be associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality; hence, a proper assessment of knowledge and practices is crucial to formulate preventive strategies to ensure the health of both the mother and the baby. The study determined the knowledge, attitude, practices (KAP), and the beliefs of pregnant women about UTI based on the Health Belief Model. A survey questionnaire was used to gather data from pregnant women with and without UTI. The association of the pregnant women’s sociodemographic characteristics with their KAP and health beliefs was determined using Pearson’s chi-square test. Results of the study showed that the majority of pregnant women have unsatisfactory knowledge with a positive attitude and good hygienic practices against UTI. Educational qualification and socioeconomic status showed a significant association with the KAP of pregnant women. Positive attitude and satisfactory hygienic practices were evident among the respondents despite their unsatisfactory knowledge. The salient traits of the Filipino women are exhibited on the descriptive of the Health Belief Model that include being resilient amid a problem and considering difficulties not as barriers but opportunities to make life healthier and better.

scholarly journals Credibility of self-reported health parameters in elderly population

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roi Amster ◽  
Iris Reychav ◽  
Roger McHaney ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Joseph Azuri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Abstract Aim: Examining the credibility of self-reported height, weight, and blood pressure by the elderly population using a tablet in a retirement residence, and examining the influence of health beliefs on the self-reporting credibility. Background: Obesity is a major problem with rising prevalence in the western world. Hypertension is also a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Self-report, remotely from the clinic, becomes even more essential when patients are encouraged to avoid visiting the clinic as during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reporting of height and weight is suspected of leading to underestimation of obesity prevalence in the population; however, it has not been well studied in the elderly population. The Health Belief Model tries to predict and explain decision making of patients based on the patient’s health beliefs. Methods: Residents of a retirement home network filled a questionnaire about their health beliefs regarding hypertension and obesity and self-reported their height, weight, and blood pressure. Blood pressure, height, and weight were then measured and compared to the patients’ self-reporting. Findings: Ninety residents, aged 84.90 ± 5.88, filled the questionnaire. From a clinical perspective, the overall gap between the measured and the self-reported BMI (M = 1.43, SD = 2.72), which represents an absolute gap of 0.74 kilograms and 2.95 centimeters, is expected to have only a mild influence on the physician’s clinical evaluation of the patient’s medical condition. This can allow the physician to estimate their patient’s BMI status before the medical consultation and physical examination upon the patient’s self-reporting. Patients’ dichotomous (normal/abnormal) self-report of their blood pressure condition was relatively credible: positive predictive value (PPV) of 77.78% for normal blood pressure (BP) and 78.57% for abnormal BP. The relatively high PPV of BP self-reporting demonstrates an option for the physician to recognize patients at risk. Regression analysis found no correlation between the anthropometric parameters and the Health Belief Model.

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