scholarly journals BDNF as a Biomarker of Cognition in Schizophrenia/Psychosis: An Updated Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo R. Nieto ◽  
Andrea Carrasco ◽  
Sebastian Corral ◽  
Rolando Castillo ◽  
Pablo A. Gaspar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Review Article ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Cognitive Symptoms ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Relationship

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) has been linked to cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, which has been documented in previous reviews by several authors. However, a trend has recently emerged in this field moving from studying schizophrenia as a disease to studying psychosis as a group. This review article focuses on recent BDNF studies in relation to cognition in human subjects during different stages of the psychotic process, including subjects at high risk of developing psychosis, patients at their first episode of psychosis, and patients with chronic schizophrenia. We aim to provide an update of BDNF as a biomarker of cognitive function on human subjects with schizophrenia or earlier stages of psychosis, covering new trends, controversies, current research gaps, and suggest potential future developments in the field. We found that most of current research regarding BDNF and cognitive symptoms in psychosis is done around schizophrenia as a disease. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the study of the relationship between BDNF and cognitive symptoms to psychotic illnesses of different stages and origins.

scholarly journals SU40. Cognitive Function Deficits in High-Risk, First-Episode, and Chronic Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S175-S176
Author(s):  
Jordan Meyers ◽  
Robert Smith ◽  
Renrong Wu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Jijun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
First Episode

Theory of mind in the early course of schizophrenia: stability, symptom and neurocognitive correlates, and relationship with functioning

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 2031-2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ventura ◽  
A. Ered ◽  
D. Gretchen-Doorly ◽  
K. L. Subotnik ◽  
W. P. Horan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Role Functioning ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Early Course ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundNumerous studies have reported links between theory of mind (ToM) deficits, neurocognition and negative symptoms with functional outcome in chronic schizophrenia patients. Although the ToM deficit has been observed in first-episode patients, fewer studies have addressed ToM as a possible trait marker, neurocognitive and symptom correlations longitudinally, and associations with later functioning.MethodRecent-onset schizophrenia patients (n = 77) were assessed at baseline after reaching medication stabilization, and again at 6 months (n = 48). Healthy controls (n = 21) were screened, and demographically comparable with the patients. ToM was assessed with a Social Animations Task (SAT), in which the participants’ descriptions of scenes depicting abstract visual stimuli ‘interacting’ in three conditions (ToM, goal directed and random) were rated for degree of intentionality attributed to the figures and for appropriateness. Neurocognition, symptoms and role functioning were also assessed.ResultsOn the SAT, patients had lower scores than controls for both intentionality (p < 0.01) and appropriateness (p < 0.01) during the ToM condition, at baseline and 6 months. The ToM deficit was stable and present even in remitted patients. Analyses at baseline and 6 months indicated that for patients, ToM intentionality and appropriateness were significantly correlated with neurocognition, negative symptoms and role functioning. The relationship between ToM and role functioning was mediated by negative symptoms.ConclusionsThe ToM deficit was found in recent-onset schizophrenia patients and appears to be moderately trait-like. ToM is also moderately correlated with neurocognition, negative and positive symptoms, and role functioning. ToM appears to influence negative symptoms which in turn makes an impact on role functioning.

Orbitofrontal morphology in people at high risk of developing schizophrenia

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chakirova ◽  
K.A. Welch ◽  
TWJ Moorhead ◽  
A.C. Stanfield ◽  
J. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Classification System ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Psychotic Features ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
First Episode Of Schizophrenia

AbstractBackgroundAbnormalities of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) sulcogyral patterns have been reported in schizophrenia, but it is not known if these predate psychosis.MethodsHundred and forty-six subjects at high genetic risk of schizophrenia, 34 first episode of schizophrenia patients (SZ) and 36 healthy controls were scanned and clinically assessed. Utilising the classification system proposed by Chiavaras, we categorised OFC patterns and compared their distribution between the groups, as well as between those high risk subjects who did, and did not develop schizophrenia. The relationship between OFC pattern and schizotypy was explored in high risk subjects.ResultsWe refined Chiavaras’ classification system, with the identification of a previously unreported variant of OFC surface structure. There were significant differences in distribution of OFC patterns between high risk subjects who did or did not develop schizophrenia as well as between the first episode of schizophrenia group and healthy controls. Within the high risk group, possession of OFC Type III was associated with higher ratings on the Structured Inventory for Schizotypy (SIS) psychotic factor.ConclusionsOur results suggest that OFC Type III is associated with psychotic features before the development of schizophrenia. Characterisation of OFC morphology may have a role in the identification of those at greatest risk of developing schizophrenia.

Cortisol stress response in psychosis from the high-risk to the chronic stage: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Dauvermann ◽  
G. Donohoe
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Objectives:We review studies of whether cortisol levels following psychosocial stress exposure differ between patients with psychosis and healthy control subjects.Methods:Original research published between 1993 and February 2019 was included in the literature search. Studies that used experimentally induced psychosocial stress and reported stress response measures of plasma or saliva cortisol levels in patients at any stage of illness (i.e. high risk, first episode and chronic phase) were included.Results:A total of 17 studies were included. Although there was evidence of inconsistencies in measures, we observed moderate evidence of an association with stress-induced cortisol blunting response across studies.Conclusions:This review highlights recent evidence of blunting of cortisol response following experimentally induced psychosocial stress. While there was some evidence of this blunted response across illness types and stages, the strongest evidence was observed for those with chronic schizophrenia. Due to the low number of studies, in particular in bipolar disorder, much work is still needed to accurately characterise the biological effects of stress in psychosis.

scholarly journals O9.1. PROSPECTIVE MEMORY AND THE RELATIONSHIP TO SOCIAL FUNCTION AND NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS IN CLINICAL HIGH RISK, FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS, AND SCHIZOPHRENIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S186-S187
Author(s):  
Anne Marie Teti ◽  
Patricia C Graham ◽  
Mallory Fergione ◽  
Lawrence C Haber ◽  
Joanna M Fiszdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Social Function ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Executive functioning in schizophrenia and the relationship with symptom profile and chronicity

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHRYN E. GREENWOOD ◽  
ROBIN MORRIS ◽  
THORDUR SIGMUNDSSON ◽  
SABINE LANDAU ◽  
TIL WYKES
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Executive Process ◽  
Executive Impairment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Symptom Type

This study reports the executive function profile in people with schizophrenia, with a simultaneous comparison of chronicity and of those with predominately disorganization versus psychomotor poverty symptoms. The patients were split into one set defined according to symptoms (29 with disorganization, 29 with negative symptoms) and the other representing chronicity (22 first-episode, 35 chronic) and compared with 28 healthy controls on a broad range of executive process measures. Differences were investigated in both the severity and profile of impairments. Impairment patterns interacted with symptom groups, with disorganization and psychomotor poverty symptom groups showing different profiles of executive impairment. In contrast, across these same executive processes, impairment profiles were similar between first episode and chronic schizophrenia and became more similar, particularly for working memory, when controlling for disorganization symptoms. The executive profile, therefore, is related to symptom type rather than chronicity. (JINS, 2008, 14, 782–792.)

scholarly journals Pengaruh Modal Sosial terhadap Fungsi Kognitif pada Pasien Skizofrenia di RSUD dr. Soeselo

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 1000-1007
Author(s):  
Glorio Immanuel ◽  
Prima Maharani Putri ◽  
Irma Finurina Mustikawati
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Cognitive Symptoms ◽  
Work Study ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Relationship

This study wanted to look at the relationship and influence of social capital on cognitive function in schizophrenic patients. Social capital is a concept that arises from the results of interaction in society with a long process and is believed to be one of the main components in driving togetherness, mobility of ideas, mutual trust and mutual benefit to achieve mutual progress. Interactions that form networks in togetherness in social capital contain norms, values and mutual understanding that facilitate cooperation in a group. Social capital is generally associated with health and is considered an important etiology in schizophrenia where in the early stages of schizophrenia there are significant cognitive symptoms making it very difficult for people with the disorder to work, study or work in social life. This research method uses the design of latitude cut study, conducted in dr. hospital. soeselo and using MMSE instruments. The results of the study found a link between social capital and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenic patients where in individuals with good social capital was shown to better adjust to cognitive function. Conclusions on individuals with good social capital can adjust better because individuals have had better coping, perception and adjustment about themselves and their environment, individuals already have the ability to maintain their communication and interaction in public life.

The Relationship between Cognitive Function and Psychosocial Function in Chronic Schizophrenia Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayoung Ko ◽  
이원혜 ◽  
Jaeeun Lim ◽  
심민영 ◽  
Joo hyun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Psychosocial Function ◽  
The Relationship

Cigarette smoking, psychopathology and cognitive function in first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia: a case-control study

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1651-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Y. Zhang ◽  
D. C. Chen ◽  
M. H. Xiu ◽  
C. N. Haile ◽  
S. C. He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Drug Naïve

BackgroundAlthough patients with chronic schizophrenia have substantially higher smoking rates than either the general population or patients with other mental illnesses, drug-naive patients with a first episode of schizophrenia have received little systemic study. This study examined smoking rates, the association between smoking and symptom severity and cognitive function in Chinese first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients using cross-sectional and case-control designs.MethodTwo hundred and forty-four drug-naive FES patients and 256 healthy controls matched for gender, age and education completed the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Patients were also rated on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS).ResultsThe rate and quantity of smoking were not significantly higher among FES patients compared to the general population. Among patients, smokers scored higher than non-smokers on the total PANSS and the positive symptom subscale scores. There were no significant associations between cognitive function and smoking in either FES patients or healthy controls.ConclusionsIn contrast to studies in patients with chronic schizophrenia, drug-naive FES patients did not smoke more frequently than the general population. Furthermore, patients with psychotic disorders who smoked did not exhibit significant cognitive differences compared with those who did not smoke. However, smoking may have other detrimental effects on physical and mental health, for example on positive symptoms.

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