scholarly journals Adolescents Engaged in Radicalisation and Terrorism: A Dimensional and Categorical Assessment

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Bronsard ◽  
David Cohen ◽  
Issaga Diallo ◽  
Hugues Pellerin ◽  
Aurélien Varnoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Terrorist Group ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Justice Department ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Radical Ideology ◽  
Intellectual Skills ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Group Movements

Since 2010 and the founding of the Islamic State, the radicalisation phenomenon in Europe has involved more adolescents and converts to Islam than in previous Islamist terrorist group movements (e.g., Al-Qaeda). In most cases, these adolescents are “homegrown terrorists,” a challenging difference, as they are in confrontation with their home and societal environment. As a new and emerging phenomenon, radicalisation leads to many questions. Are empathic capacities altered? Are they presenting psychiatric pathologies or suicidal tendencies that explain why they put themselves in serious dangers? Are they just young delinquents who simply met a radical ideology? In January 2018, by special Justice Department authorisation, we contacted all minors (N = 31) convicted in France for “criminal association to commit terrorism.” We assessed several sociodemographic, clinical and psychological variables, including empathy and suicidality, in half of them (N = 15) and compared them with 101 teenagers convicted for non-terrorist delinquency who were placed in Closed Educational Centres (CEC). The results show that adolescents engaged in radicalisation and terrorism do not have a significant prevalence of psychiatric disorders, suicidal tendencies or lack of empathy. It also appears that they have different psychological profiles than delinquent adolescents. “Radicalised” adolescents show better intellectual skills, insight capacities and coping strategies. In addition, the manifestation of their difficulties is less externalised than adolescents from the CEC, having committed very few delinquent acts.

scholarly journals Online Gambling Activity, Pay-to-Win Payments, Motivation to Gamble and Coping Strategies as Predictors of Gambling Disorder Among e-sports Bettors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta ◽  
Rafał Piotr Bartczuk
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Gambling Activity ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Betting Behavior ◽  
Game Session ◽  
And Coping

AbstractResearch on esports activity usually captures it from the perspective of involvement in gaming. This study presents the results of the first research in Poland (N = 438) on esports betting (ESB). ESB is compared to other forms of e-gambling and involvement in pay-to-win games. The aim was to build a predictive model of gambling disorder among people betting on esports. A predictive model of gambling disorder based on ordinal regression was built, including sociodemographic variables, involvement in esports betting, involvement in other Internet activities connected to ESB, as well as psychological variables—motivation to gamble and coping strategies. The results showed that gambling disorder among esports bettors is associated with time spent on one game session, placing other forms of online gambling bets once a week or more often, and paying in pay-to-win games. Gambling disorder was also predicted by escape coping strategies and lower engaged strategies as well as financial and coping motivation to bet on esports results. The results show the crucial role of psychological factors (motivation, coping) in the development of esports betting addiction. Esports betting is an activity associated with both gambling and gaming—involvement in both activities explains the development of ESB addiction. There is a need for further research focused on the specificity of esports betting behavior to discover the direction of links among gaming, gambling, and esports gambling.

Psychological and Physical Variables as Predictors of Coping Strategies

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Keller
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Sickness Impact Profile ◽  
Health Locus Of Control ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Coping Scale ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Multidimensional Health

26 women and 17 men between the ages of 26 and 62 yr. of age and diagnosed as having chronic illnesses were administered four questionnaires to assess physical and psychological variables and coping strategies: the Sickness Impact Profile, the Time Reference Inventory, and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control. The Jaloweic Coping Scale assessed coping strategies. Canonical correlation indicated a single-factor link (Wilks' Λ) between scores on the first 3 tests, and the subscales of the coping scale. A significant but small correlation of .31 between the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control subscale, Powerful Others, and the coping subscale of Emotion-focused strategies was observed, that with the subscale Chance and the coping subscale confrontive strategies was negative. A second canonical correlation deleting the Time Reference Inventory score of age extension and including the three Sickness Impact Profile subscales was significant and positive for the Composite score and the subscale Palliative of the Jaloweic Coping Scale. Such data suggest that individuals who have a locus of control orientation of Powerful Others respond to chronic illness with emotionally based behaviors. In addition, chronically ill individuals who are physically dysfunctional tend to respond with palliative coping strategies.

scholarly journals Illness Representations and Coping Strategies in Patients Treated with Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Baertschi ◽  
Nicolas Favez ◽  
João Flores Alves Dos Santos ◽  
Michalina Radomska ◽  
François Herrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Illness Representations ◽  
Medical Procedure ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Deep Brain

There is a debate on possible alterations of self-identity following deep brain stimulation for neurological disorders including Parkinson’s disease. Among the psychological variables likely to undergo changes throughout such a medical procedure, illness representations and coping strategies have not been the target of much research to this day. In order to remedy this, we investigated the dynamics of illness representations and coping strategies in an 18-month longitudinal study involving 45 patients undergoing deep brain stimulation for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Two research hypotheses were formulated and investigated through repeated measures of ANOVAs and structural equation modelling with full information maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimations. Representations of Parkinson’s disease as a cyclical condition and perception of control over the disease diminished after surgery. Use of instrumental coping strategies was not modified after deep brain stimulation. These changes were identified by SEM but not ANOVAs; their magnitude was nevertheless relatively small, implying general stability in representations. These findings suggest that psychological variables do not undergo major changes after deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease.

scholarly journals CAREGIVER'S STRESS OF PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamala Darlami ◽  
Reshmi Ponnose ◽  
Pradap Jose
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Active Coping ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Passive Coping ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
And Coping

INTRODUCTION: Psychiatric disorders are as old as human life. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders and their undesired personal, familial and social effects have increased simultaneously with population growth and urbanity. Limited psychiatric health care services coupled with increased psychiatric disorders led their families to play a critical role in taking care of the patients and they have to be considered as a main source of patients' caregivers. Long term care to psychiatric patients' increases caregivers' burden and decreases their mental health status. This may result in increasing psychiatric stress of caregivers and decreased patient care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive research design was adopted to assess the caregiver's stress of psychiatric patients and coping mechanisms in this study. Fifty care givers of the psychiatric patients were selected through purposive sampling technique from inpatient and outpatient units of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Teaching Hospital. Modified and combined version of General Health Questionnaire-12 and Kingston caregiver scale, Cope scale and demographic performa were used to interview the samples. Collected data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Sociodemographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Level of stress and coping was analyzed by computing frequency, percentage, mean, median, and standard deviation. The association between the caregiver's stress with sociodemographic variables was computed using chi-square test. RESULT: Result related to stress level of respondents revealed that majority of the respondents (86%) were at moderate stress, followed by 14% with severe stress. Study findings showed that caregivers were stressed with care giving, family and financial issues. In relation to coping strategies, 68% of respondent used active coping measures whereas 32% adopted passive coping methods. Majority of the respondents used social support, positive reinterpretation and religious coping strategies to overcome the stress. Caregiver's stress compared with sociodemographic variables showed a significant association between religion, ethnicity, education, marital status, onset of illness, type of illness, type of patient and relation with patient. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that all of the respondents were under stress and most of them used active coping measures to manage their stress. The study has important implications for service delivery and clinical practice. Health care personnel should be observant of psychological problems of caregivers and if subjective complaints or functional impairment are present, evaluation and therapeutic interventions should be suggested. Information regarding support and practical assistance should also be offered to families of psychiatric patients.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2015) Vol.03 No.02 Issue 10  Page: 39-43

scholarly journals Investigating The Effect of Psychological Variables On Postoperative Pain In Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Gholami ◽  
Leila Khanali Mojen ◽  
Maryam Rassouli ◽  
Azam Shirinabadi Farahani ◽  
Nasrin Dadashi
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Purpose: Despite the progress of pain management in children, the prevalence of postoperative pain remains a caring challenge. Given the multidimensional nature of pain and the effect of various factors on pain, the need to identify risk factors in preventing postoperative pain is felt. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of psychological variables on postoperative pain in childrenMethods: This study was conducted following a descriptive-correlational study design. The samples of the study were 171 children aged 6-13 years who were conveniently selected from the selected children's hospital in Tehran according to the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the “demographic questionnaire”, “Child Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS)”, the Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and “Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ)” and analyzed using SPSS21 software.Results: Most of the 171 children participated were boys (65.5%) with a mean age of 9.58 years. The most common type of surgery was abdominal (53.2%), with an average surgery duration of 134.29 minutes. The results of regression analysis showed that postoperative pain was positively affected by child and parent anxiety and negatively affected by coping strategies. The postoperative pain increased 0.31 and 0.30 per unit increase in child and parent anxiety, respectively, and decreased 0.14 per unit increase in coping strategies.Conclusion: Based on the confirmation of the relationship between child and parent psychological variables on postoperative pain, identifying children at risk and presenting psychological interventions can be an effective step for managing postoperative pain and improving child and family comfort.

scholarly journals Coping Strategies, Immediate and Delayed Suggestibility among Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Tiziana Maiorano ◽  
Monia Vagni
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Forensic Evaluation ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Iq Test ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Interrogative Suggestibility ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Leading Question ◽  
The Relationship

Knowing the factors that influence children’s suggestibility is important in implementing the psychological variables to be evaluated during a forensic evaluation. In the interrogative suggestibility model, coping strategies intervene in determining the acceptance or rejection of the leading question. However, studies that investigated the relationship between interrogative suggestibility and coping strategies had mixed results. Avoidance-oriented coping is associated with high level to immediate suggestibility and problem-focused with low levels. In this study, we measured immediate suggestibility, delayed suggestibility, and coping strategies in a sample of 100 children. We hypothesized that avoidance-oriented coping strategies have a predictive effect in increasing immediate suggestibility levels, in particular avoidance-oriented coping oriented towards the tendency to accept leading questions. No effect of coping strategies was expected on delayed suggestibility. All children completed the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale (GSS 2), a non-verbal IQ test, and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Coping strategies were not related to delayed suggestibility, but avoidance-oriented coping correlated positively with immediate suggestibility. Avoidance-oriented coping emerged as the only significant predictive model for shift and total suggestibility, and its subscale distraction emerged as a predictor for Yield 1 and Yield 2. No predictors emerged for delayed suggestibility. Results are discussed for their theoretical implications.

scholarly journals Coping strategies and self-esteem in women with breast cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Miriam Joaquín-Mingorance ◽  
Félix Arbinaga ◽  
José Carmona-Márquez ◽  
Juan Bayo-Calero
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Active Coping ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Positive Reframing ◽  
And Coping

Coping with a breast cancer diagnosis and the use of different strategies is key to overcoming this stressful situation. Various psychological variables are related to how patients cope with the disease, one of which is self-esteem. The current study analyses the how age influences patients with breast cancer in terms of the coping strategies used to deal with the disease, exploring whether self-esteem influences the use of such strategies, along with the possible interrelation between these variables. Self-esteem is studied using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale and coping strategies were assessed using the COPE-28 scale, both in their Spanish versions. The sample consisted of 121 women (with breast cancer), aged between 30 and 77 years (M = 49.33, SD = 8.90). The results indicate that active coping is the strategy with the highest score. We found significant, age-mediated relationships between self-esteem scores and active coping strategies such as positive reframing, acceptance, or use of emotional support. Knowing how to cope with the disease will help in the development of psychological interventions that improve the quality of life in these patients throughout the oncological disease process.

The Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS) Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bonino ◽  
Federica Graziano ◽  
Martina Borghi ◽  
Davide Marengo ◽  
Giorgia Molinengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
And Coping

Abstract. This research developed a new scale to evaluate Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS). The aim of this study was to investigate dimensionality, item functioning, measurement invariance, and concurrent validity of the SEMS scale. Data were collected from 203 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (mean age, 39.5 years; 66% women; 95% having a relapsing remitting form of MS). Fifteen items of the SEMS scale were submitted to patients along with measures of psychological well-being, sense of coherence, depression, and coping strategies. Data underwent Rasch analysis and correlation analysis. Rasch analysis indicates the SEMS as a multidimensional construct characterized by two correlated dimensions: goal setting and symptom management, with satisfactory reliability coefficients. Overall, the 15 items reported acceptable fit statistics; the scale demonstrated measurement invariance (with respect to gender and disease duration) and good concurrent validity (positive correlations with psychological well-being, sense of coherence, and coping strategies and negative correlations with depression). Preliminary evidence suggests that SEMS is a psychometrically sound measure to evaluate perceived self-efficacy of MS patients with moderate disability, and it would be a valuable instrument for both research and clinical applications.

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