scholarly journals Research and Technology Organizations as Super Intermediaries: A Conceptual Framework for Policy and a Case Study From Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gussai H. Sheikheldin
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Policy Environments ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Innovation Processes

Research and Technology Organizations (RTOs) have key roles in stories of national industrial development in many countries, and in various contexts they have transformed according to changes in their surrounding economic and policy environments. This paper proposes a conceptual framework of ‘RTOs as super intermediaries’ as they play multiple intermediary roles in the triple helix (government, research and industry), the overlap of industrial policy and research policy, and research-industry frontiers. The framework helps in understanding and advancing the role of RTOs in industrial development, particularly in developing countries. For a case study, the paper showcases research in Tanzania that explored possibilities of revamping RTOs and whether investing in them would help in spurring Tanzania's industrial development. Through key informant interviews and systemic literature review, a case study on the challenges and opportunities of RTOs was designed to examine their role and potential in industrial development and technology innovation processes. The study findings were overall in-line with two main lenses of inquiry: 1) that for RTOs to play their key roles in Tanzania, industrial policies shaped by the command economy era before the 1990s need to be reviewed and modified; and 2) that more investment in revamping RTOs will take place if policymaking processes acknowledge RTOs as super intermediaries. To organize policy lessons drawn, a multi-level policy map—micro, meso and macro—was utilized as an analytical tool.

scholarly journals The Role of Local Food in Rural Economic Development, A Case Study of Frontenac County

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Howes
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
Infrastructure Services

In Eastern Ontario, a growing number of counties and cities are developing food initiatives. In Frontenac County, local food businesses are becoming more prominent. In attempting to understand how to further support the growing local food economy of Frontenac County, this research has used a collaborative approach with the Frontenac CFDC, Frontenac County and OMAFRA to understand what infrastructure, services and other supports are required to grow the local food economy. Using this networked approach, this research has engaged local food producers, processors, distributors, retailers, restauranteurs as well as other local food key stakeholders through a survey and key informant interviews. This research will attempt to link local food stakeholders in the County through a networking workshop. This study will identify challenges and opportunities faced by local food stakeholders in the County and in turn, will create recommendations and best practices to further grow the local food economy in Frontenac County.

scholarly journals Towards Sustainable Mobility? The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Romanian Mobile Citizens in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4023
Author(s):  
Silvia Marcu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
New Models ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Depth Interviews

Using the case study of Romanians in Spain, this article highlights how the COVID-19 crisis presents both challenges and opportunities when it comes to human mobility and sustainability. Drawing on in-depth interviews with mobile people during the period of lockdown and circulation restrictions, and in accordance with the objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the paper advances and contributes to the relevance of sustainability and its impact on people’s mobility in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. I argue that even in the midst of the crisis, sustainable ways may be found to promote and protect human mobility. The paper raises the way sustainability acts as a driver, gains relevance and influence, and contributes to the creation of new models of resilient mobility in times of crisis. The conclusions defend the respect for the SDGs regarding human mobility and emphasise the role of people on the move as sustainable actors learning to overcome distance and the barriers to their mobility during the pandemic.

scholarly journals What can the African diaspora contribute to innovation and knowledge creation? The case study of Zimbabwean innovators

2021 ◽  
Vol 9s1 ◽  
pp. 101-125
Author(s):  
Juliet Thondhlana ◽  
Roda Madziva ◽  
Evelyn Chiyevo Garwe
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
Innovation And Development

The importance of diaspora and transnational knowledge production, innovation, and development is of growing interest, particularly in the developing world. The phenomenal increase in high human capital migration from poor to rich countries has historically led to what is commonly known as brain drain, which has negatively impacted the capacity of such countries to innovate. Yet more recently the emergence of the phenomenon of transnationalism has demonstrated the potential to transform brain drain into brain circulation, for the mutual benefit of both sending and receiving contexts. This article uses the case of Zimbabwe to explore the role of diasporan professionals, scholars, and entrepreneurs in contributing to knowledge production, innovation, and development initiatives in their countries of origin. Zimbabwe is an example of many African countries that have experienced substantial attrition of highly qualified knowledge workers for various reasons. A qualitative approach, involving interviews and documentary evidence, enabled the researchers to engage with the Zimbabwean diaspora to capture their narratives regarding the challenges and opportunities, which were then used to develop successful transnational knowledge production initiatives.

The Opportunities and Challenges of using Email for Political Communication in Authoritarian States

2015 ◽  
pp. 1488-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Takavarasha, Jr. ◽  
Eldred V. Masunungure
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Email Marketing ◽  
Big Brother ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
State Surveillance ◽  
Media Monitoring ◽  
Communicative Space

This chapter uses Illich's (1973) concept of conviviality for analysing the challenges and opportunities of using email for political communication in authoritarian states. Based on evidence from a case study of Zimbabwe's Media Monitoring Project (MMPZ), it contends that while conviviality allows the use of ICTs for political mobilisation, it also enables a counterproductive “big brother” effect. In addition to constant censorship and overt operations, covert strategies are often used for disrupting communication platforms. This calls for a framework for harnessing ICTs for political mobilisation. This chapter is a case study on how perceived state surveillance disrupted a vibrant communicative space in Zimbabwe. Based on evidence from the volumes of email traffic transacted over two weeks of panic, anger, and heroism, the chapter discusses the challenges and opportunities of using email for political mobilisation and warns against uncritical celebration of the role of ICTs in political mobilisation. It concludes by suggesting how the adaption of e-strategies from email marketing to political communication is among the skills that could break the tie between political opponents armed with the same convivial tools for political communication in the information age.

Adoption and implementation of new technologies in hospitals: a network perspective

IMP Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-391
Author(s):  
Olga Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advanced Medical Technology ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Danish Hospital ◽  
Innovation Processes

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address challenges and opportunities that smaller hospitals with limited resources may face when they are adopting and implementing innovative technologies. Design/methodology/approach Based on a single case study with interviews and document analysis, this paper focuses on the recombination of resources, actors and activities during the process of technology adoption and implementation at a Danish hospital. Theoretically, it takes an interaction perspective for exploring the interplay between inner and outer networking during the innovation processes. Findings This study illustrates how the adoption and implementation of advanced medical technology requires significant investment, which is particularly burdensome for smaller hospitals. Constrained by limited resources, they have to develop creative combinations of resources through negotiation and embrace collaborative approaches to join and sustain themselves in the user-producer network. Originality/value This paper contributes to the innovation field by suggesting ways in which practitioners at smaller hospitals can align with technology providers’ strategies and succeed by positioning their hospitals in relation to extended user-producer networks. This study further emphasizes the necessity of a broader discussion regarding the importance of user-producer interactions during innovation processes in health care settings.

scholarly journals Promoting sustainability through governance of eco-city indicators: a multi-spatial perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Deng ◽  
Ali Cheshmehzangi ◽  
Yuanli Ma ◽  
Zhen Peng
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
City Development ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Collective Effort ◽  
Spatial Level ◽  
Multi Level

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of the latest practice on urban sustainability in China, focusing on the breakdown of city-wide overall indicators to a more controllable spatial level—i.e. individual land plots and individual buildings. We argue the importance of decomposing the indicators to smaller scales by understanding underlying principles such as indicators and their integration in the process of urban governance, i.e. enhancing multi-level policy coordination as an important and effective approach for developing eco-cities. This can provide a common ground of argument to monitor the progress at multiple spatial levels and form a collective effort to move a city towards sustainability. The novelty of this study is to highlight the role of eco-city development at multiple spatial levels and through urban governance. The local government needs to mobilize various stakeholders involved in the urban development process by providing sustainability targets in a transparent way. A collective effort from various stakeholder groups might be formed by linking them to a set of unified but spatial level-based targets.

‘Race’-Education Policy as Social Control?

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gabe
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Race Relations ◽  
Initial Teacher Education ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
British State

This paper focuses on the instrumentalist Marxist model which has been used to explain the policies of the British state in the field of ‘race’-education. After discussing the model's core assumptions and its application in this field the paper explores the model's explanatory adequacy through a case study of the role of the quasi-state agencies of the ‘race’-relations industry in developing ‘race’-education policy in initial teacher education. It ends by considering whether a new conceptual framework is needed to understand ‘race’-education policy.

scholarly journals Ex Ante and Ex Post Evaluations: Two Sides of the Same Coin?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lut Mergaert ◽  
Rachel Minto
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Post Evaluation ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Two Sides

This article engages with two themes of contemporary EU governance: the role of evaluations within an effective and coherent policy–making process and the EU's constitutionalised commitment to promoting gender equality in all its activities (Article 8 TFEU). It focuses on the interface between ex ante and ex post evaluation and the contribution of evaluations to policy learning, with particular attention to the promotion of gender equality. A case study approach is followed, with EU research policy as the object of analysis.

The Changing Role of the State in High-Tech Industrial Development: The Experience of Hong Kong

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G-O Yeh ◽  
M K Ng
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Active Role ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Government

This paper is an examination of the role of the Hong Kong government vis-à-vis governments in Japan and other Asian newly industrialized economies (NIEs) in high-tech industrial development. It is argued that, whereas governments of Japan and other Asian NIEs have played very important roles in facilitating industrial restructuring, the Hong Kong government has so far refrained from direct participation in industrial development. Although the Hong Kong government has assumed an important position in the course of economic development in the territory, especially in terms of land-related economic activities, it has little vested interest and experience in directing industrial developments. It was not until the 1990s that the government switched from a ‘positive nonintervention’ to a ‘minimum intervention with maximum support’ industrial policy and began to play a more active role in facilitating industrial upgrading. The effectiveness of the changing industrial policy and the prospects for high-tech development in the territory are reviewed by examining the challenges and opportunities faced by the Hong Kong government in facilitating high-tech industrial development.

scholarly journals Sports as a passport to success: life skill integration in a positive youth development program

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hemphill ◽  
Barrie Gordon ◽  
PM Wright
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Youth Development Programs ◽  
Daily Routines

© 2019, © 2019 Association for Physical Education. Background: Sport-based youth development (SBYD) programs aim to teach life skills to youth within a physical activity context. An explicit objective of most SBYD programs is that youth learn to apply, or transfer, life skills beyond the sports program. Limited research has been conducted on the cognitive processes that help youth understand how life skills apply within and beyond sports. Purpose: This study uses a conceptual framework on transfer of life skills to examine the role of life skills in an SBYD program. Research questions include: (1) how does the SBYD program integrate the teaching of life skills, (2) how do youth participants experience the life skills in the boxing program, and (3) how do youth participants perceive the life skills impact them beyond the program. Methodology: This research took place at three community boxing academies in New Zealand. The three academies were selected because they are affiliated with a boxing program that is committed to implementing a life skills framework called the Passport to Success. Forty-one youth (31 boys, 10 girls) across the three sites participated in focus groups interviews about their experience in the program. Additionally, observations of program implementation documented the daily routines of each boxing academy. Using a qualitative case study design, inductive analysis and constant comparative methods were used to identify emergent themes. Findings: Youth participants perceived life skills to be a foundational component of the boxing program. The life skills were presented to youth through the ‘Passport to Success’, a document featuring eight key life skills. The coaches focused on the Passport to Success in several ways, including setting an expectation that youth memorize the life skills to demonstrate their commitment. Several youth participants discussed learning valuable lessons around the life skills. Finally, youth were able to describe scenarios which demonstrated how the life skills connected with other areas of their lives. Conclusion: Life skills implementation was guided by the Passport to Success and an expectation that youth develop positive relationships in the gym. A routine strategy for memorizing the Passport to Success provided a clear example of youth learning the meaning of life skills in the context of sports. The youth participants demonstrated cognitive connections in their explanation of the value of life skills beyond the boxing program. Using the conceptual framework on transfer [Jacobs and Wright 2018. “Transfer of Life Skills in Sport-Based Youth Development Programs: A Conceptual Framework Bridging Learning to Application.” Quest 70 (1): 81–99] helps to explain the cognitive connections youth participants make between life skills in a sports program and their application beyond sports.

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