scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Subgroup J Avian Leukosis Virus Inducing Multiple Systemic Tumors in Parental Meat-Type Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Cui ◽  
Xuezhi Cui ◽  
Qinghua Huang ◽  
Shaohua Yang ◽  
Shuai Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Genome ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Avian Leukosis Virus ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Endogenous Virus ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Deletion Pattern

Avian leukosis virus (ALV) continues evolving to obtain new genomic characters to enhance its pathogenicity. In the present study, an ALV-J strain LH20180301 was isolated from broiler breeder chickens that reached the speak of paralyzation before 20-week-old. The necropsy chickens showed subcutaneous and muscular hemorrhage, and developed tumors in multiple organs including bone, liver, spleen, and kidney. The complete provirus was then cloned and sequenced to investigate the molecular characteristics and oncogenicity etiology of this virus associated with the outbreak of disease. The genomic structure of the reported ALV-J strain LH20180301 was highly conservative with other ALVs. Recombination events between the virus with endogenous virus were identified in the viral genome. Compared with the ALV-J original HPRS-103 strain, the major recombination sites of the viral genome with ev-1 were located in 5′ UTR-gag and 3′ UTR regions. Phylogenetic analysis of group specific antigen gp85 encoding protein showed that the LH20180301 branched with ALV-J prevalent in “yellow chickens” of local breeds in South China. Nine amino acids (N58, D60, K70, A71, K108, N112, N113, N121, R272) in the gp85 were highly conserved among ALV-J isolates before 2012, but various mutations were found in the late isolates including LH20180301. In addition, the LH20180301 strain also had the same deletion pattern of 3′ UTR with them. Therefore, LH20180301 might derive from the same ancestor with those viruses and may be the trend of ALV-J evolution in China. The defined new genomic characters in the gp85 and 3′ UTR region of ALV-J might provide the molecular basis for its enhanced oncogenicity.

scholarly journals Independent Isolates of the Emerging Subgroup J Avian Leukosis Virus Derive from a Common Ancestor

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 10301-10304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. Benson ◽  
Brian L. Ruis ◽  
Amy L. Garbers ◽  
Aly M. Fadly ◽  
Kathleen F. Conklin
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Avian Leukosis Virus ◽  
Endogenous Virus ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subgroup J ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT A new subgroup of avian leukosis virus (ALV) that includes a uniqueenv gene, designated J, was identified recently in England. Sequence analysis of prototype English isolate HPRS-103 revealed several other unique genetic characteristics of this strain and provided information that it arose by recombination between exogenous and endogenous virus sequences. In the past several years, ALV J type viruses (ALV-J) have been isolated from broiler breeder flocks in the United States. We were interested in determining the relationship between the U.S. and English isolates of ALV-J. Based on sequence data from two independently derived U.S. field isolates, we conclude that the U.S. and English isolates of ALV-J derive from a common ancestor and are not the result of independent recombination events.

scholarly journals Genetic Heterogeneity among Chicken Infectious Anemia Viruses Detected in Italian Fowl

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
Giulia Quaglia ◽  
Giulia Mescolini ◽  
Elena Catelli ◽  
Giacomo Berto ◽  
Filippo Muccioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus ◽  
Chicken Infectious Anemia ◽  
Anemia Virus ◽  
Backyard Chicken

Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) is a pathogen of chickens associated with immunosuppression and with a disease named chicken infectious anemia. The present survey reports an epidemiological study on CIAV distribution in Italian broiler, broiler breeder and backyard chicken flocks. Twenty-five strains were detected by a specifically developed nested PCR protocol, and molecularly characterized by partial VP1 gene or complete genome sequencing. Viral DNA amplification was successfully obtained from non-invasive samples such as feathers and environmental dust. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed the circulation of field or potentially vaccine-derived strains with heterogeneous sequences clustered into genogroups II, IIIa, and IIIb. Marker genome positions, reported to be correlated with CIAV virulence, were evaluated in field strains. In conclusion, this is the first survey focused on the molecular characteristics of Italian CIAVs, which have proved to be highly heterogeneous, implementing at the same time a distribution map of field viruses worldwide.

Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity of an Avian Leukosis Virus Isolated from Avian Neurofibrosarcoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Ochi ◽  
Kenji Ochiai ◽  
Sayuri Nakamura ◽  
Akiko Kobara ◽  
Yuji Sunden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Leukosis Virus ◽  
Molecular Characteristics

scholarly journals Tissue Tropism of the HPRS-103 Strain of J Subgroup Avian Leukosis Virus and of a Derivative Acutely Transforming Virus

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Arshad ◽  
K. Howes ◽  
G. S. Barron ◽  
L. M. Smith ◽  
P. H. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cell ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Marrow Cell ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Avian Leukosis Virus ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Blood Monocyte ◽  
Tissue Tropism ◽  
Myeloid Leukosis

The tissue tropism was studied for the HPRS-103 strain of avian leukosis virus, which belongs to a new envelope subgroup, designated J. Studies were conducted in blood monocyte and bone marrow cell cultures and in chickens from six lines that had been shown previously to differ in susceptibility to induction by this virus of myeloid leukosis and other tumors. Using an immunohistochemical technique to detect expression of viral group-specific antigen (Gag) in various tissues, we detected no major differences among the six lines of chickens at 3 and 7 weeks of age following infection as embryos. Thus, Gag expression did not correlate with differences in tumor susceptibility. Of the tissues examined, greatest Gag expression was observed in cells specific to the adrenal gland, heart, kidney, and proventriculus and especially in smooth muscle cells and connective tissue. After infection of 1-day-old chicks, greater tissue expression was observed in line 21 chicks, which mostly developed a tolerant viremic infection, than in Brown Leghorn chicks, which developed virus-neutralizing antibodies. An acutely transforming virus, strain 966, derived from HPRS-103-induced myeloid leukosis, showed a tropism similar to HPRS-103. The HPRS-103 strain showed a lower propensity to replicate in the medullary region of the lymphoid follicles of the bursa of Fabricius than did the RAV-1 strain of subgroup A avian leukosis virus. This low bursal tropism may be a factor in why HPRS-103 does not induce lymphoid leukosis. The HPRS-103 and 966 virus replicated in blood monocyte cultures from chickens from the six lines, indicating a tropism for the myelomonocytic cell lineage. In comparison, as previously reported, RAV-1 did not replicate well in the monocyte cultures, whereas RAV-2, a subgroup B avian leukosis virus, did replicate. The tropism of HPRS-103 for monocytes may relate to its ability to cause myeloid leukosis. Monocyte and bone marrow cell cultures from the six lines ranked similarly in differences in susceptibility to transformation by 966 virus and showed evidence that their relative susceptibilities correlated with susceptibility of chickens from these lines to induction of myeloid leukosis by HPRS-103, suggesting common tissue-specific viral and host factors involved in oncogenesis by these two viruses.

Development of an Endogenous Virus–Free Line of Chickens Susceptible to All Subgroups of Avian Leukosis Virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanmin Zhang ◽  
Larry D. Bacon ◽  
Aly M. Fadly
Keyword(s):  
Avian Leukosis Virus ◽  
Endogenous Virus

scholarly journals Radioimmunoassay of the Group-specific Antigen in Detection of Avian Leukosis Virus Infection

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sandelin ◽  
T. Estola ◽  
S. Ristimaki ◽  
E. Ruoslahti ◽  
A. Vaheri
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Avian Leukosis Virus

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Concanavalin A Binding Glycoproteins from Human Seminal Plasma: A Step Towards Identification of Male Infertility Marker Proteins

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Tomar ◽  
Balwinder Singh Sooch ◽  
Isha Raj ◽  
Sarman Singh ◽  
Tej P. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Prostatic Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Human Seminal Plasma ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Marker Proteins

Human seminal plasma contains a large array of proteins of clinical importance which are essentially needed to maintain the reproductive physiology of spermatozoa and for successful fertilization. Thus, isolation and identification of seminal plasma proteins is of paramount significance for their biophysical characterization and functional analysis in reproductive physiological processes. In this study, we have isolated Concanavalin-A binding glycoproteins from human seminal plasma and subsequently identified them by MALDI-TOF/MS analysis. The major proteins, as identified in this study, are Aminopeptidase N, lactoferrin, prostatic acid phosphatase, zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein, prostate specific antigen, progestagen-associated endometrial protein, Izumo sperm-egg fusion protein and prolactin inducible protein. This paper also reports preliminary studies to identify altered expression of these proteins in oligospermia and azoospermia in comparison to normospermia. In oligospermia, five proteins were found to be downregulated while in azoospermia, four proteins were downregulated and two proteins were upregulated. Thus, this study is of immense biomedical interest towards identification of potential male infertility marker proteins in seminal plasma.

scholarly journals Isolation and Metagenomic Identification of Avian Leukosis Virus Associated with Mortality in Broiler Chicken

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Faruku Bande ◽  
Siti Suri Arshad ◽  
Abdul Rahman Omar
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Homology ◽  
Mdck Cells ◽  
Avian Leukosis Virus ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Homology Search ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Viral Envelope Protein ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Transmission Electron

Avian leukosis virus (ALV) belongs to the family Retroviridae and causes considerable economic losses to the poultry industry. Following an outbreak associated with high mortality in a broiler flock in northern part of Malaysia, kidney tissues from affected chickens were submitted for virus isolation and identification in chicken embryonated egg and MDCK cells. Evidence of virus growth was indicated by haemorrhage and embryo mortality in egg culture. While viral growth in cell culture was evidenced by the development of cytopathic effects. The isolated virus was purified by sucrose gradient and identified using negative staining transmission electron microscopy. Further confirmation was achieved through next-generation sequencing and nucleotide sequence homology search. Analysis of the viral sequences using the NCBI BLAST tool revealed 99-100% sequence homology with exogenous ALV viral envelope protein. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial envelope sequences showed the Malaysian isolate clustered with Taiwanese and Japanese ALV strains, which were closer to ALV subgroup J, ALV subgroup E, and recombinant A/E isolates. Based on these findings, ALV was concluded to be associated with the present outbreak. It was recommended that further studies should be conducted on the molecular epidemiology and pathogenicity of the identified virus isolate.

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