chicken infectious anemia
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2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moru Xu ◽  
Fusen Hang ◽  
Kun Qian ◽  
Hongxia Shao ◽  
Jianqiang Ye ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) is an oncovirus which can induce multiple types of tumors in chicken. In this report, we found novel ALV-J infection is closely associated with serious hepatomegaly and splenomegaly in chicken. Case presentation The layer chickens from six flocks in Jiangsu province, China, showed serious hemoperitoneum, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Histopathological results indicated focal lymphocytic infiltration, cell edema and congestion in the liver, atrophy and depletion of lymphocyte in the spleen. Tumor cells were not detected in all the organs. avian hepatitis E virus (aHEV), which is thought to be the cause of a very similar disease, big liver and spleen disease (BLS), was not detected. Other viruses causing tumors or liver damage including Marek’s disease virus (MDV), reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), fowl adenovirus (FAdV) and chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) were also proved negative by either PCR or RT-PCR. However, we did detect ALV-J in those chickens using PCR. Only novel ALV-J strains were efficiently isolated from these chicken livers. Conclusions This is the first report that chicken hepatomegaly and splenomegaly disease was closely associated with novel ALV-J, highlighting the importance of ALV-J eradication program in China.


Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Antonietta Di Francesco ◽  
Giulia Quaglia ◽  
Daniela Salvatore ◽  
Sonia Sakhria ◽  
Elena Catelli ◽  
...  

Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) is an economically important and widely distributed immunosuppressive agent in chickens. This study performed an epidemiological investigation on CIAV circulation in 195 Tunisian broilers, belonging to 13 lots from five industrial farms and in one rural farm. Fifteen animals were detected positive by a VP1 nested PCR. The amplicons were molecularly characterised by complete genome sequencing. All positive samples obtained in this study were from the rural farm, whereas the industrial farms sampled were negative. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence analyses showed a high degree of similarity among the sequences obtained, suggesting the circulation of a single CIAV strain in the positive lot. Phylogenetic analysis based on the CIAV VP1 nucleotide sequence and/or the complete genome showed that the sequences obtained in this study clustered with CIAV strains previously detected in Tunisia, Italy and Egypt, belonging to genogroup II. Our results highlight the need for constant CIAV surveillance in backyard chicken production.


2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 101468
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Tuofan Li ◽  
Luyuan Li ◽  
Qiuqi Kan ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longfei Chen ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Jinjin Wang ◽  
Yawen Zhang ◽  
Shuang Chang ◽  
...  

Abstract Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) can be transmitted by contaminated live vaccines, and causes huge economic losses. This study evaluated the contamination status of CIAV in 24 batches of vaccines by recombinase-aided amplification assay (RAA), fluorescence quantitative PCR and dot blot assay, and then determined a contaminated avian pox attenuated vaccine. The whole genome of the CIAV contaminant was then sequenced and named as JS2020-PFV (Genbank accession number: MW234428, 2296bp). It showed 94.5–99.9% identities with reference strains, and shared the closest evolution relationship with AB1K which was isolated from a chicken farm in Turkey. All these suggested that the use of CIAV contaminated live vaccine may be the reason for its epidemic in poultry.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Jinjin Wang ◽  
Yawen Zhang ◽  
Yixin Wang ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundLive attenuated vaccines have been extensively used to prevent infectious disease in poultry flocks. However, exogenous virus contamination in attenuated vaccines had been reported several times in the past, which brought enormous threat to poultry production and diseases prevention and control. Recently, an attenuated vaccine against Newcastle Disease produced in China was detected contamination with chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) in a routine inspection for exogenous virus. To understand the multiple routes of transmission of CIAV, and to better formulate correct prevention and control, it is necessary to find out the possible source of this contamination.Methodslood samples of SPF chickens that generated vaccines were collected to investigate CIAV antibody titers by ELISA test. Then, 14- to 18-day-old SPF chicken embryos (n=40) were randomly selected, DNA was extracted and detected by quantitative real-time PCR and nucleic acid dot hybridization assays. To further investigate the molecular features of the CIAV isolate, the complete genome of CIAV was amplified and analyzed.ResultsThe results showed both SPF chickens and embryos for vaccine preparation were CIAV-positive. In addition, the full-length genome sequences of CIAV from vaccines and SPF chicken embryos were consisted of 2,298 nucleotides (nt) with 100% homology, named as SDSPF2020 (Genbank accession number: MW660821). It demonstrated 95.7%-99.6% homology with the complete nucleotide sequences of reference strains, and shared the closest evolution relationship with the Chinese strain HLJ15125. ConclusionThis study illustrated that vertical transmission of CIAV from SPF chickens and embryos was an important way for exogenous virus contamination in vaccine production. As such, vaccine quality monitoring and health control are significant in the poultry industry from an environmental safety point of view.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Shao ◽  
Jinzhi Li ◽  
Huisha Yuan ◽  
Lifei Ji ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
...  

Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) mainly infects chickens and causes immunosuppression. In this study, a CIAV isolate, designated as Pigeon-CIAV-1906, was efficiently isolated from two sick pigeons by inoculating the samples into MSB1 cells. The genome of Pigeon-CIAV-1906 was amplified by PCR and analyzed. The genome size of Pigeon-CIAV-1906 was 2,298 bp with the highest homology (99.5%) to Jilin strain (JL14023) and the lowest homology (91.5%) to Brazil strain (KY024579), which phylogenetically clustered into Group A. Notably, several amino acids such as 139K and 394Q related with high virulence were found in the VP1 of Pigeon-CIAV-1906. The isolation of Pigeon-CIAV-1906 and its molecular characteristics provide evidence for the cross-transmission of CIAV from chicken to pigeon and give novel insights into the molecular epidemiology of CIAV.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinwei Wang ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Aijun Sun ◽  
Huayuan Liu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Chicken infectious anemia (CIA) is an immunosuppressive disease induced by the chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) causing heavy economic losses once outbreak. This study conducted a systematic analysis of the epidemiology and pathology of CIA in Henan province, central China.Methods: A total of 437 clinical tissue samples and 120 poultry disease-related live attenuated vaccines were collected during 2017-2019; of which 45 were positive for CIAV nucleic acid, with a positive rate of 8.08%. Results: Our results showed that genome sequences similarity among a total of 12 CIAV isolates was high, and ranged from 97.1% to 99.3%, and their similarity to the vaccine strains Cux-1 and Del-Ros ranged from 97.8% to 98.6%. However, There were non-synonymous amino acid mutations in the locus of the major capsid proteins VP1, VP2 and VP3 among all isolates. The subsequent sequence analysis indicated that the isolates of HN-4 and HN-8 showed genetic recombination and follow up animal experiments revealed that HN-4 might be a high pathogenic strain. Conclusions: Our results reveal that both field infection and vaccine contamination promote epidemiology of CIAV in China. Some dominant epidemic viruses have undergone recombination and evolution. This study provides important information for CIAV prevention and control in poultry industry development.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fancong Zeng ◽  
Wenfeng Li ◽  
Junhong Ke ◽  
Feng Wen ◽  
Jinyue Guo ◽  
...  

Abstract Chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) is an immunosuppressive disease that causes enormous economic loss to the poultry industry worldwide, transmitted vertically and horizontally. In recent years, CIAV outbreaks have frequently occurred in southern China since 2014, especially in the Guangdong province. However, there is a lack of epidemiological studies of CIAV in Guangdong province. We performed PCR by using the serum and tissue samples collected from seven cities of Guangdong province. The PCR-positive tissue samples were inoculated into SPF eggs and MSB1 cells for virus isolation by blind-passages three times. This study isolated and characterized 325 serum samples and four tissue samples, the total positive CIAV rate of 62.15% in serum samples, and all four tissues were positive for the CIAV. However, the virus could only be isolated from MSB1 cells. Sequence analysis revealed that the four isolated comparisons with those in the GenBank showed high nucleotide similarities and were near clade C2. Our data showed over 60% of positive cases for CIAV serological analysis consist of seven cities, Which may lead to severe immunosuppressive effects in chickens. In summary, these findings provide new insights to guide molecular epidemiological surveillance of CIAV in Guangdong province.


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