scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of P0 Protein as a Vaccine Candidate Against Babesia divergens, Blood Parasite of Veterinary and Zoonotic Importance

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed ◽  
Mohamed Abdo Rizk ◽  
Haitham Eldoumani ◽  
Shimaa Sobhy Sorour ◽  
Mohamad Alaa Terkawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Blood Parasite ◽  
Antigenic Characterization ◽  
Babesia Divergens ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
P0 Protein

The molecular identification and antigenic characterization of P0 protein in Babesia divergens, a blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance, were carried out in this study for use in developing subunit vaccines against B. divergens infection. Recombinant protein encoding P0 (BdP0) was developed in Escherichia coli, and its antiserum was generated in mice for further molecular characterization. Anti-rBdP0 serum had a specific interaction with the corresponding legitimate B. divergens protein, as confirmed by Western blotting and indirect fluorescent antibody tests. ELISA was used to assess the immunogenicity of BdP0 in a group of 68 bovine field samples, and significant immunological reactivity was found in 19 and 20 positive samples of rBdp0 and B. divergens lysate, respectively. The in vitro growth of B. divergens cultures treated with anti-rBdP0 serum was significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after 6 h of incubation with 2 mg/ml anti-rBdP0 serum, the ability of pre-incubated free merozoites to invade bovine erythrocytes was reduced by 59.88%. The obtained data suggest the possible use of rBdP0 as diagnostic antigen and may serve as a vaccine candidate against babesiosis caused by B. divergens either in animal or human.

Antigenic characterization of adult Wuchereria bancrofti filarial nematodes

Parasitology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Morgan ◽  
Inge Sutanto ◽  
Purnomo ◽  
Sukartono ◽  
F. Partono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Antigenic Characterization ◽  
Filarial Nematodes ◽  
Major Surface

SUMMARYAdult Wuchereria bancrofti were recovered from infected Presbytis cristatus monkeys and radio-isotope labelled extrinsically with 125I and in vitro with [35S]methionine. 125I labelling of the surface of adult W. bancrofti permitted a comparison between the major surface antigens of this species and those from the related lymphatic filariae, Brugia malayi and B. pahangi. All species bear a prominent Mr 29 000 surface antigen but among the differences observed were the strongly labelled molecules with Mr 58 000 and 67 000 in W. bancrofti which are extremely faint in the Brugia species. The [35S]methionine label was effectively incorporated into somatic parasite proteins in vitro although it was not possible to identify any secreted proteins in this way. The antigenicity of these products was investigated using a variety of sera from homologous and heterologous infections and the immunoprecipitation patterns highlighted particular differences between somatic proteins of male and female worms. One secreted antigen was detected, however, by virtue of its phosphorylcholine epitopes, in the culture medium of mixed adult worms; medium from male W. bancrofti adults was negative although homogenates of either sex of adult W. bancrofti were strongly positive in the same system.

The isolation and characterization of a Babesia from red deer (Cervus elaphus)

Parasitology ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. G. Adam ◽  
D. A. Blewett ◽  
D. W. Brocklesby ◽  
G. A. M. Sharman
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Babesia Divergens ◽  
Antibody Tests

SummaryOn three occasions, antibody positive blood from wild red deer produced overt infections with Babesia when inoculated into splenecto-mized red deer. One of the deer also became infected with Eperythrozoon sp. Babesia divergens, B. capreoli and the Babesia of red deer are morphologically similar and the marginal position of the parasites in the host cell is characteristic. Babesia were not seen and no antibody was formed in five out of six splenectomized bovine calves which were injected with parasitaemic red deer blood. Two of these calves when challenged with B. divergens were fully susceptible. A transient infection with the deer Babesia may have occurred in the sixth calf since antibody was detected and the animal resisted challenge with B. divergens.In indirect fluorescent antibody tests there was little or no difference in the titre of sera from naturally or experimentally infected cattle and deer when reacted with B. divergens or the red deer Babesia antigens. Despite their similarities, specific status for B. divergens and the red deer Babesia is probably justified; at present there is insufficient evidence to justify separation of the red deer Babesia from B. capreoli.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of the Rhoptry Neck Protein 2 in Babesia divergens and B. microti

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 1574-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalynn L. Ord ◽  
Marilis Rodriguez ◽  
Jeny R. Cursino-Santos ◽  
Hyunryung Hong ◽  
Manpreet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Role ◽  
Parasite Invasion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Apicomplexan Parasites ◽  
Babesia Divergens ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Apicomplexan parasites include those of the generaPlasmodium,Cryptosporidium, andToxoplasmaand those of the relatively understudied zoonotic genusBabesia. In humans, babesiosis, particularly transfusion-transmitted babesiosis, has been emerging as a major threat to public health. Like malaria, the disease pathology is a consequence of the parasitemia which develops through cyclical replication ofBabesiaparasites in host erythrocytes. However, there are no exoerythrocytic stages inBabesia, so targeting of the blood stage and associated proteins to directly prevent parasite invasion is the most desirable option for effective disease control. Especially promising among such molecules are the rhoptry neck proteins (RONs), whose homologs have been identified in many apicomplexan parasites. RONs are involved in the formation of the moving junction, along with AMA1, but no RON has been identified and characterized in anyBabesiaspp. Here we identify the RON2 proteins ofBabesia divergens(BdRON2) andB. microti(BmRON2) and show that they are localized apically and that anti-BdRON2 antibodies are significant inhibitors of parasite invasionin vitro. Neither protein is immunodominant, as both proteins react only marginally with sera from infected animals. Further characterization of the direct role of both BdRON2 and BmRON2 in parasite invasion is required, but knowledge of the level of conformity of RON2 proteins within the apicomplexan phylum, particularly that of the AMA1-RON2 complex at the moving junction, along with the availability of an animal model forB. microtistudies, provides a key to target this complex with a goal of preventing the erythrocytic invasion of these parasites and to further our understanding of the role of these conserved ligands in invasion.

Quantitative and qualitative change in production of excretions/secretions by Litomosoides carinii during development in the jird (Meriones unguiculatus)

Parasitology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Harnett ◽  
M. Meghji ◽  
M. J. Worms ◽  
R. M. E. Parkhouse
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Antigenic Characterization ◽  
Sds Page

SUMMARYExcretions and secretions (E–S) were collected from a series of developmental stages of Litomosoides carinii maintained in vitro. Measurement of the protein content of E–S obtained from each stage indicates that the rate of production of E–S varies enormously during development of the worm. E–S was iodinated using both Iodogen and the Bolton and Hunter Reagent and was also biosynthetically labelled by incubating worms in the presence of [35S]methionine and [3H]leucine. Attempts to biosynthetically label E–S of mature worms and microfilariae with [3H]glucose were unsuccessful. Examination of radio-isotope labelled E–S by SDS–PAGE revealed that some components were sex specific and that the differences in total E–S production during development were due to the existence of both stage-specific components and components whose rate of release varied during parasite maturation. Antigenic characterization of E–S, carried out by immunoprecipitation in combination with SDS–PAGE, indicated that E–S consists of immunogenic components, a molecule which is probably a non-immunogenic parasite product, and host albumin. The implications of these findings for the construction of diagnostic tests to detect products of human filarial parasites are discussed.

scholarly journals Construction and Characterization of a Nonproliferative El Tor Cholera Vaccine Candidate Derived from Strain 638

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 6411-6418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Valle ◽  
Talena Ledón ◽  
Bárbara Cedré ◽  
Javier Campos ◽  
Tania Valmaseda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Complete Medium ◽  
Cholera Vaccine ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Infant Mouse ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Candidate Strain

ABSTRACT In recent clinical assays, our cholera vaccine candidate strain,Vibrio cholerae 638 El Tor Ogawa, was well tolerated and immunogenic in Cuban volunteers. In this work we describe the construction of 638T, a thymidine auxotrophic version of improved environmental biosafety. In so doing, the thyAgene from V. cholerae was cloned, sequenced, mutated in vitro, and used to replace the wild-type allele. Except for its dependence on thymidine for growth in minimal medium, 638T is essentially indistinguishable from 638 in the rate of growth and morphology in complete medium. The two strains showed equivalent phenotypes with regard to motility, expression of the celAmarker, colonization capacity in the infant mouse cholera model, and immunogenicity in the adult rabbit cholera model. However, the ability of this new strain to survive environmental starvation was limited with respect to that of 638. Taken together, these results suggest that this live, attenuated, but nonproliferative strain is a new, promising cholera vaccine candidate.

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