scholarly journals The Impact of Logistics Performance on Argentina, Brazil, and the US Soybean Exports from 2012 to 2018: A Gravity Model Approach

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Gilberto Mendes dos Reis ◽  
Pedro Sanches Amorim ◽  
José António Sarsfield Pereira Cabral ◽  
Rodrigo Carlo Toloi
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Research Question ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Commodity Trade ◽  
Extended Gravity ◽  
The Us ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Logistics Performance Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soybean Trade

Soybean is one of the main sources of protein directly and indirectly in human nutrition, and it is highly dependent on logistics to connect country growers and international markets. Although recent studies deal with the impact of logistics on international trade, this impact in agricultural commodities is still an open research question. Moreover, these studies usually do not consider the influence of all components of the logistics on trade. This paper, therefore, aims at identifying the role of logistics performance in soybean exports among Argentina, Brazil, the US and their trading partners from 2012 to 2018. Using an extended gravity model, we examine whether the indicators of the World Bank Logistics Performance Index (LPI), adopted as a proxy of logistics efficiency, are an important determinant of bilateral soybean trade facilitation. The results lead to the conclusion that it is necessary to analyze the LPI throughout its indicators because they may affect trade differently. The novelty of this article is to provide an analysis of the impact of different logistics aspects on commodity trade, more specifically in the soybean case. Finally, regarding the model results, logistics infrastructure has a positive and significant correlation with soybean trade as supposed in most of the literature.

scholarly journals Import Flows of Bangladesh: Gravity Model Approach under Panel Data Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mili Roy ◽  
Md. Israt Rayhan
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Gravity Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Extended Gravity ◽  
Trading Partners

In counterpoint to export growth, Bangladesh import growth has remained much less strong, despite impressive progress in import liberalization. This study gives an overview of different methodologies related to gravity model analysis in Bangladesh’s import flow. A pooled cross section and time series data were analyzed to incorporate the country specific heterogeneity in country pair trading partners. The import flows are justified by the basic gravity model since Bangladesh’s imports are positively significant by the economy size and inversely related to trade barrier. Accordingly, we have analyzed pooled ordinary least square, fixed effect, random effect. This study also explores extended gravity model using several variables in the light of gravity model panel data approach. Bangladesh’s import is determined by the home and foreign country’s gross domestic product and exchange rate. In addition, Cross section results show that regional trade arrangement which is South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation and border are significant for Bangladesh’s importimplies that Bangladesh should import more from intra regional country and also should import from India.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v60i2.11485 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 60(2): 153-157, 2012 (July)  

The elephant in the room of mutual forbearance

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burak Cem Konduk
Keyword(s):  
Airline Industry ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Performing ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mutual Forbearance ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain how a multi-market firm develops the motivation to forbear from competition.Design/methodology/approachA two-way fixed effects model with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors investigates the research question with panel data collected from the US scheduled passenger airline industry.FindingsThe results demonstrate that although the interaction of multi-market contact with strategic similarity impairs a firm’s forbearance from competition, the same interaction promotes it as firm performance deteriorates, supporting the hypotheses.Research limitations/implicationsPerformance explains not only how forbearance emerges out of coincidental multi-market contact but also reconciles the mixed evidence for the impact of the two-way interaction between multi-market contact and strategic similarity on forbearance.Practical implicationsAntitrust authorities should pay more attention to low performing firms than to high performing firms in their investigations. Also, managers of multi-market firms should identify multi-market rivals with low performance as targets for the initiation of forbearance.Originality/valueThis study revises the mutual forbearance theory to align it with the accumulating empirical evidence that otherwise refutes its assumption and thereby improves theory’s descriptive and predictive power.

The impact of regulatory change on the international competitiveness of the Canadian softwood lumber industry

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan L. Eastin ◽  
Jun Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
International Competitiveness ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Regulatory Change ◽  
Pinewood Nematode ◽  
Lumber Industry ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Major Market ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

The decade of the 1990s have seen the introduction of several regulatory changes in international markets that have had a dramatic impact on the competitiveness of the Canadian softwood lumber industry. These regulatory changes have occurred in virtually every major market to which Canadian softwood lumber manufacturers export, including Europe, the US, and Japan. The objective of this paper is to describe the regulatory changes that have been implemented in the major markets for Canadian softwood lumber and provide an objective discussion of the impact of these changes on the international competitiveness of Canadian softwood lumber. Key words: softwood lumber, non-tariff barriers, international trade, Softwood Lumber Agreement (SLA), pinewood nematode, regulatory change, international competitiveness

scholarly journals The impact of Sino-US trade friction on Sino-Russian soybean trade cooperation

2021 ◽  
Vol 204 (01) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Cyucze Chen'
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Trade Friction ◽  
The Us ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Trade Frictions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soybean Trade

Abstract. Since entering the 21st century, trade frictions between China and the United States have occurred frequently. In response to the escalation of the US provocation, China began to impose a 25 % tariff on US soybeans. The hindrance of Sino-US soybean trade has brought new opportunities for the development of Sino-Russian soybean trade. Purpose. This article analyzes the current situation of China-Russia soybean trade cooperation in the context of Sino-US trade frictions, and analyzes the current constraints and favorable opportunities in the development of the Sino-Russian soybean trade industry. Methods. The study used monographic, abstract-logical methods and the method of comparative analysis. Results. It can be said that Sino-US trade friction has objectively injected new momentum into Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation, and soybeans have become a new growth point in Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation. In the context of the “Belt and Road” initiative and the long-term trade competition between China and the United States, it is of great significance to further strengthen Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation and increase the level of agricultural trade represented by soybeans between the two countries. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the analysis of limited factors of influence and indication of a new direction of cooperation in the field of soybeans between the PRC and the Russian Federation.

EU will push for granting MES to China

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Excess Capacity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fabricated Metal ◽  
Electric Machinery ◽  
The Us ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Metal Products ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Significance If not offset by other changes, this will result in lower duties on Chinese imports found to have been dumped in the European market. Such a decision will be commercially significant for sectors where dumping investigations are rife and excess capacity is pervasive, such as basic metals, fabricated metal products, glass and related products, chemical products and electric machinery. Impacts The Commission will use other forms of discretion for dumping investigations, limiting the impact of granting MES to China. Firms seeking relief from Chinese competition will complement dumping complaints with other allegations of unfair trading practices. Granting MES to China and reforming the EU trade system will affect all EU trading partners. The US disagreement on China's MES is unlikely to colour other areas of EU-US commercial diplomacy, including the TTIP negotiations.

scholarly journals Are Economic Distance and Geographic Remoteness Important in Sustainable Trade? Evidence from the Bilateral Trade between China and Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeheon Choi ◽  
Chune Young Chung ◽  
Jason Young
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Extended Gravity ◽  
Economic Distance ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Geographic Remoteness ◽  
Sustainable Trade ◽  
Unobservable Factors

In this study, we investigate sustainable trade between China and Kazakhstan using the gravity model. We find that the distance between the importer and exporter relative to the distance to other trading partners, rather than the absolute distance, significantly negatively impacts trade volumes. Other factors, such as the structure and availability of free trade zones and unobservable factors related to the characteristics of the checkpoints, also affect trade volumes. To obtain these results, we derive an extended gravity model that considers spatial effects and specific features of the trade between China and Kazakhstan. Thus, we contribute to the fundamental foundations of gravity models.

scholarly journals Determinants of Vietnam's rice and coffee exports: using stochastic frontier gravity model

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao Dinh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Major Market ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe paper aims to estimate the factors affecting Vietnam's export in rice and coffee, the two most important agricultural products, especially in exploring the role of “behind-the-border” constraints.Design/methodology/approachThe paper applies the stochastic frontier gravity model, which models the aggregate effect of “behind-the-border” factors for Vietnam's export in rice and coffee.FindingsThe paper finds that the impact of “behind-the-border” constraints is statistically significant, suggesting that Vietnam's exports in rice and coffee may be prevented from reaching their export potential by such factors. Moreover, technical efficiency and potential export suggest that Vietnam has a lot of potential to increase its exports in rice and coffee with its major trading partners. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations group continues to be the major market of Vietnamese rice and coffee. Vietnam can also take advantage of the opportunity to export these commodities to the European Union (EU) (not including the UK), and Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, especially in coffee to the EU.Research limitations/implicationsThe study cannot identify specific “behind-the-border” factors due to the limitation of data availability.Originality/valueMany existing studies suggest that export in agricultural products of Vietnam, especially in rice, is significantly affected by natural factors and “explicit beyond-the-border” constraints. They ignore the impact of “behind-the-border” constraints in Vietnam and its trading partners. My study proved the significant impact of such constraints. Therefore, Vietnam needs more policies to remove the “behind-the-border” constraints to promote export in rice and coffee.

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