scholarly journals Study on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake under Different Aeration Intensity in Hydroponics with the Application of Particle Image Velocimetry

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1140
Author(s):  
Bateer Baiyin ◽  
Kotaro Tagawa ◽  
Mina Yamada ◽  
Xinyan Wang ◽  
Satoshi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Bubble Flow ◽  
Aeration Intensity ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Reasonable Range

Aeration is considered beneficial for hydroponics. However, little information is available on the effects of aeration, and even less on solutions that use bubble flow and their agronomic effects. In this study, the effects of aeration intensity on plants were studied through cultivation experiments and flow field visualization. It was found that the growth of plants did not increase linearly with an increase in aeration intensity. From the results of this study, when the aeration intensity was within the low range (0.07–0.15 L·L−1 NS·min−1), increasing the aeration intensity increased the plant growth. However, after the aeration intensity reached a certain extent (0.15–1.18 L·L−1 NS·min−1), some indicators did not change significantly. When the aeration intensity continued to increase (1.18–2.35 L·L−1 NS·min−1), growth began to decrease. These results show that for increasing dissolved oxygen and promoting plant growth, the rule is not “the higher the aeration intensity, the better”. There is a reasonable range of aeration intensity within which crops grow normally and rapidly. In addition, increasing the aeration intensity means increasing energy utilization and operating costs. In actual hydroponics production, it is very important to find a reasonable aeration intensity range.

Endoscopic 2D particle image velocimetry (PIV) flow field measurements in IC engines

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Dierksheide ◽  
P. Meyer ◽  
T. Hovestadt ◽  
W. Hentschel
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Ic Engines

Flow field analysis in a compliant acinus replica model using particle image velocimetry (PIV)

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J. Berg ◽  
Jessica L. Weisman ◽  
Michael J. Oldham ◽  
Risa J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Flow Field Analysis

Experimental study of the mean structure and quasi-conical scaling of a swept-compression-ramp interaction at Mach 2

2018 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Vanstone ◽  
Mustafa Nail Musta ◽  
Serdar Seckin ◽  
Noel Clemens
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Shock Wave ◽  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Separated Flow ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wave Boundary

This study investigates the mean flow structure of two shock-wave boundary-layer interactions generated by moderately swept compression ramps in a Mach 2 flow. The ramps have a compression angle of either $19^{\circ }$ or $22.5^{\circ }$ and a sweep angle of $30^{\circ }$. The primary diagnostic methods used for this study are surface-streakline flow visualization and particle image velocimetry. The shock-wave boundary-layer interactions are shown to be quasi-conical, with the intermittent region, separation line and reattachment line all scaling in a self-similar manner outside of the inception region. This is one of the first studies to investigate the flow field of a swept ramp using particle image velocimetry, allowing more sensitive measurements of the velocity flow field than previously possible. It is observed that the streamwise velocity component outside of the separated flow reaches the quasi-conical state at the same time as the bulk surface flow features. However, the streamwise and cross-stream components within the separated flow take longer to recover to the quasi-conical state, which indicates that the inception region for these low-magnitude velocity components is actually larger than was previously assumed. Specific scaling laws reported previously in the literature are also investigated and the results of this study are shown to scale similarly to these related interactions. Certain limiting cases of the scaling laws are explored that have potential implications for the interpretation of cylindrical and quasi-conical scaling.

Investigation of Cross-Sectional Velocity Field Near the Inducer Plane of a Turbocharger Compressor Using 2D Particle Image Velocimetry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deb Banerjee ◽  
Rick Dehner ◽  
Ahmet Selamet ◽  
Keith Miazgowicz ◽  
Todd Brewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Velocity Field ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Blade Passage ◽  
Image Velocimetry

Abstract Understanding the velocity field at the inlet of an automotive turbocharger is critical in order to suppress the instabilities encountered by the compressor, extend its map and improve the impeller design. In the present study, two-dimensional particle image velocimetry experiments are carried out on a turbocharger compressor without any recirculating channel to investigate the planar flow structures on a cross-sectional plane right in front of the inducer at a rotational speed of 80 krpm. The objective of the study is to investigate the flow field in front of a compressor blade passage and quantify the velocity distributions along the blade span for different mass flow rates ranging from choke (77 g/s) to deep surge (13.6 g/s). It is observed that the flow field does not change substantially from choke to about 55 g/s, where flow reversal is known to start at this speed from earlier measurements. While the tangential velocity is less than 8 m/s, the radial velocity increases along the span to 17–20 m/s near the tip at high flow rates (55–77 g/s). As the mass flow rate is reduced below 55 g/s, the radial component starts decreasing and the tangential velocity increases rapidly. From about 5 m/s at 55 g/s, the tangential velocity at the blade tip exceeds 50 m/s at 50 g/s and reaches a maximum of about 135 m/s near surge. These time-averaged distributions are similar for different angular locations in front of the blade passage and do not exhibit any substantial azimuthal variation.

Particle image velocimetry investigation on air distribution of surface-source buoyancy plume changing heating intensity and structure size in a thermostatic chamber

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2092624
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yukun Xu ◽  
Yinchen Yang ◽  
Bingyan Song
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Axial Velocity ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Air Distribution ◽  
Particle Image Velocimetry System ◽  
Surface Source ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Image Velocimetry

For large space buildings like industrial plants with huge heat generation, the role that surface-source plumes play becomes more crucial. To study the air distribution and movement of plumes, the first step is to quantify how the airflow gets distributed in chambers. The experiment was carried out in a thermostatic chamber where there was no ventilation. Four hundred flow field snapshots (in each region) were measured by a two-dimensional particle image velocimetry system at a sampling frequency of 3 Hz, and the time-average flow field was processed by the adaptive correlation algorithm to quantify the air distribution of the plume. According to the measured data, the variation law of the axial velocity of the surface-source plume under different heat source parameters was analysed. The formula coefficients of the axial velocity, the extended radius and the mass flow of the plume were discussed, and the coefficients from current two mainstream methods and those obtained in this paper were compared. The results of this study will be useful to predict motion of surface-plumes and optimize airflow patterns in large spaces.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic Interactions between Bracket and Propeller of Podded Propulsor Based on Particle Image Velocimetry Test

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Dagang Zhao ◽  
Chunyu Guo ◽  
Tiecheng Wu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xunbin Yin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Image Velocimetry ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Podded Propulsor ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Flow Field Characteristics

In this study, particle image velocimetry was used to measure the fine flow-field characteristics of an L-type podded propulsor in various working conditions. The flow-field details at different cross-sections between the propeller and the inclined bracket were compared and analyzed, allowing for more intuitive comparison of the flow-field characteristics of L-type podded propulsors. The interference mechanisms among the propeller, pod, and bracket of the L-type podded propulsors at different advance coefficients, deflection angles, and deflection directions were investigated in depth. The results of this study can serve as reference material and provide technical support for the design and practical shipbuilding application of L-type podded propulsors. Therefore, the results have theoretical significance and practical engineering value.

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