scholarly journals Soil Macrofauna: A key Factor for Increasing Soil Fertility and Promoting Sustainable Soil Use in Fruit Orchard Agrosystems

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Sofo ◽  
Alba Nicoletta Mininni ◽  
Patrizia Ricciuti
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Chemical Action ◽  
Fruit Orchard ◽  
Orchard Soils

Soils and crops in orchard agrosystems are particularly vulnerable to climate change and environmental stresses. In many orchard soils, soil biodiversity and the ecosystem services it provides are under threat from a range of natural and manmade drivers. In this scenario, sustainable soil use aimed at increasing soil organic matter (SOM) and SOM-related benefits, in terms of soil quality and fertility, plays a crucial role. The role of soil macrofaunal organisms as colonizers, comminutors and engineers within soils, together with their interactions with microorganisms, can contribute to the long-term sustainability of orchard soils. Indeed, the continuous physical and chemical action of soil fauna significantly affects SOM levels. This review paper is focused on the most advanced and updated research on this argument. The analysis of the literature highlighted that a significant part of soil quality and fertility in sustainably-managed fruit orchard agrosystems is due to the action of soil macrofauna, together with its interaction with decomposing microorganisms. From the general analysis of the data obtained, it emerged that the role of soil macrofauna in orchards agrosystems should be seriously taken into account in land management strategies, focusing not exclusively on fruit yield and quality, but also on soil fertility restoration.

scholarly journals Environmental Soil Quality Research as Prediction for Sustainable Orchards Cultivation in Southern Serbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Markovic ◽  
Svetlana Stevovic
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Potentiometric Method ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Available Nutrients

<p>Soil quality is one of the main environmental conditions for successful and sustainable orchards cultivation. The main role of the soil is reflected in its production activities or productivity. Soil fertility implies content available nutrients, such as individual elements, pH and humus. The research of soil quality leads to certain conclusions about which soil is suitable for growing crops. The investigation of soil quality for Pcinja District in southern Serbia is performed, with the goal to complete environmental conditions for cultivation of the most suitable crops. The methods that were used for the analysis of the soil in the laboratory are: chemical and Al-methods and calibration and potentiometric, spectrophotometric, photometric. For potentiometric method pH meter, spectrophotometer classic which is determined by phosphorus and Flame Photometar device that determines potassium are used. The results in this paper show high quality land for sustainable growing fruit crops.</p>

scholarly journals Earthworms, ants and other arthropods as soil health indicators in traditional and no-fire agro-ecosystems from Eastern Brazilian Amazonia

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Xavier Rousseau ◽  
Paulo Rogério Dos Santos Silva ◽  
Cláudio José Reis de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Lack Of Information

Deforestation of the Amazonian rainforest and conversion to agriculture with the use of fire creates a mosaic of occupied lands and secondary forests. Considering the fundamental role of soil macrofauna and the lack of information about its resilience to deforestation, this study characterized the earthworms, ants and other soil arthropod communities in secondary forests of 40 and 20 years of age and in cropping system and pastures prepared with slash-and-burn or chop-and-mulch in the Brazilian Eastern Amazonia. Soil macrofauna was sampled according to the TSBF (Tropical Soil Biological and Fertility) methodology. Four sub-indices and one “macrofauna soil health index” were calculated using five principal component analyses. The macrofauna index identified better soil health in chop-andmulch crops, followed by the 40 yr-old forest and the chop-and-mulch pasture. These results confirmed the fundamental role of old secondary forests for soil biodiversity conservation and the potential of the chop-and-mulch technique to mitigate the effects of land use changes.

scholarly journals Towards New Soil Management Strategies for Improving Soil Quality and Ecosystem Services in Sustainable Agriculture: Editorial Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo De Corato
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Biodiversity

The major issues related to indiscriminate land use are overall related to topsoil depletion, groundwater contamination, plant disease outbreaks, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Currently, global vision focused on the environmental impact and use of eco-friendly strategies are increasing. The design of new agroecosystems and food systems are fundamental to make more sustainability in soil management systems by improving the release of advanced ecosystems services for farmers. Sustainable agriculture utilizes natural renewable resources in the best way due to their intrinsic features by minimizing harmful impact on the agroecosystems. Farmers should sustain or even increase the soil organic matter (SOM) content overall in depleted, semiarid and arid soils. Nutrients recycled from agro-waste into the soil using residual biomass sources should be endorsed by diversified agriculture and governmental policies in which livestock and crop production are spatially integrated. Many good agricultural practices that growers may use to promote soil quality and soil health by minimizing water use and soil pollution on farms are yet available from past years. Exploration of the natural soil biodiversity and manipulation of soil microbiota by continuous amendment with compost, biochar and digestate represents a pre-requisite to develop more efficient microbial consortia useful for soils and crops. On the other hand, more attention is proven regarding the sustainable use of useful microorganisms employed as pure inoculants in rhizosphere. Among them, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and biological control agents cover the major groups of tailored inoculants in order to rationalize the internal recycling of nutrients and their energy recovery, or to improve the soil quality and plant health thanks to their diversified mechanisms of action and complex interactions between SOM, microbiota and plant roots in the rhizosphere.

scholarly journals The Importance of Soil Quality Indices for Fighting against Microsphaera Abbreviata in Durmast Seedlings

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-458
Author(s):  
Ioan OROIAN ◽  
Ilie COVRIG ◽  
Antonia ODAGIU ◽  
Petru BURDUHOS ◽  
Constantin ȘULEA
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Soil Indicators

Satisfactory soil fertility is a suitable premise for supplying plants satisfactory development. The aim of this paper was the identification of the role of the most important soil indicators involved in durmast seedlings resistance against powdery mildew attack. A durmast nursery located in Transylvanian Plain was monitored in 2008. Basic statistic and correlations were calculated using STATISTICA v. 7.0. In 2008, a non linear dependence between analyzed parameters was reported. Weak negative correlations between the powdery mildew attack degree and humus (- 0.339), nitrogen (0.346) and phosphorus (- 0.313) were reported. They are representative only in a reduced sample share (11.40%, 11.0% and 9.70%, respectively) and not significant, all characterized by non linearity. By entire experimental period, the correlation between the powdery mildew attack degree and potassium content of soil, apart the other studied correlations, is linear, negative, and very weak, not representative (R2 = 0.004).

scholarly journals Functional Aspects of Soil Biodiversity in Mineral and Organic Fertilized Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mignon SANDOR ◽  
Aurel MAXIM
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Essential Contribution

Soil biodiversity make essential contribution to soil fertility and health, being considered as an important forces for the achievement of sustainability in agroecosystems (Sandor, 2008). Conventional agricultural practices could negatively affect soil biodiversity by damaging habitats and disrupting their functions. New management strategies have to be adopted in order to conserve and restore soil biological functions (Anderson and Weigel, 2003).

Moderating Role of Learning Strategies Between Meta-Cognitive Awareness and Study Habits Among University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽  
pp. 215-231
Author(s):  
Mussarat J. Khan ◽  
Seemab Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
University Students ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Study Habits ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cognitive Awareness

The purpose of present study is to examine the role of learning strategies as moderator between meta-cognitive awareness and study habits among university students. Sample comprises of 200 students (100 male students and 100 female students) of various universities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi with age ranging from 18-25 years. In order to assess study variables questionnaires were used included Meta-Cognitive Awareness Inventory (Schraw & Dennison, 1994) measuring two-components of meta-cognition that are knowledge and regulation of cognition. Study habits demonstrated by the students were measured by the Study Habits Inventory (Wrenn, 1941). Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich, Smith, Garcia, & McKeachie, 1991) which includes motivation and learning strategies scales. In the present study, only the learning strategies section was utilized, which measures the cognitive strategies and resource management strategies. Results revealed positive correlation between research instruments and are also having good reliability. Regression analysis reflected that meta-cognitive awareness predicts study habits among university students. Regression analysis also suggested that learning strategies including resource management strategies and cognitive strategies significantly moderates the relationship between meta-cognitive awareness and study habits. It is also explored gender differences on learning strategies, meta-cognitive awareness and study habits. Future implications of the study were also discussed.

BİLGİ YÖNETİMİ UYGULAMALARI KAPSAMINDA İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNDE MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİMLER

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ozan Büyükyılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Management Philosophy ◽  
Management Processes

The development and expansion of knowledge management as an important management philosophy has a significant impact on human resources management as well as on organization as a whole. In this context, knowledge management processes have been used as a strategic tool within human resources management.Therefore, functions of human resources management must adapt itself to this change. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of human resources management in the management of knowledge and to reveal the effects of knowledge management practices on the functions of human resources byexamining the relationship between human resources and knowledge management. In this context, a theoretical investigation was conducted. It has been determined that significant changes occurred on the functions of human resources management such as selection and recruitment, performance management, remuneration and reward, training and development within the framework of the knowledge management strategies.

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