scholarly journals Dissimilar Responses of Ancient Grapevines Recovered in Navarra (Spain) to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Terms of Berry Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carmen Antolín ◽  
David Izurdiaga ◽  
Leyre Urmeneta ◽  
Inmaculada Pascual ◽  
Juan José Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Negative Impacts

The exploitation of genetic diversity within agricultural plants, including grapevine, is suggested as a valuable tool to cope with the negative impacts of climate change on yield and crop quality. In some winegrowing regions of Europe, there is a renewed interest in knowing the grapevine genetic resources available, focusing on the prospection, recovery, and study of ancient cultivars typical of every zone. Grapevines are naturally associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which provide some benefits to the host plant, although such effects depending on many factors, including variety. Therefore, the aim of this research was to characterize the potential fruit quality of eight old grapevine varieties recovered in Navarre (northeastern of the Iberian Peninsula), associated or not with AMF. The study was carried out on fruit-bearing cuttings grown under controlled conditions (greenhouse). Overall, AMF inoculation reduced bunch and berry mass, as well as phenolic content in fruits. In some varieties, AMF association improved some berry traits by increasing the concentrations of soluble solids and anthocyanins; in others, berry colour, total phenolic and anthocyanin content were diminished in AMF-inoculated plants. The results, therefore, suggest that intraspecific diversity of old grapevines could include different abilities to respond to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.

scholarly journals Categorization of the water status of rice inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizae and with water deficit

2021 ◽  
pp. 339-355
Author(s):  
Michel Ruiz Sánchez ◽  
Juan Adriano Cabrera Rodríguez ◽  
José M. Del'Anico Rodríguez ◽  
Yaumara Muñoz Hernández ◽  
Ricardo Aroca Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Rice Plants

Introduction. The water deficit negatively affects rice plants and limits their productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis has been shown to improve rice productivity in drought conditions. Objective. To propose a new categorization for the state of water stress of rice plants inoculated (AM) or not with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (nonAM) and exposed to water deficit (D) during the vegetative phase. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out under controlled greenhouse conditions during the years 2009 and 2010 at the Zaidín Experimental Station, Granada, Spain. The rice transplantation was carried out fourteen days after germination to pots with a 5 cm water sheet and at 30, 40, or 50 days after transplantation (DAT) they were subjected to water deficit during a period of 15 days, at which time the water sheet was restored. The control treatment was maintained throughout the cycle under flood conditions (ww). Evaluations were performed at 45, 55, 65 DAT and after recovery at 122 DAT. The harvest was carried out at 147 DAT. Results. The reduction in water supply demonstrated water stress in the plants, manifested by the decrease in the water potential of the leaves. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis always favored the water status of the plant. Four categories of water status of plants were proposed taking into account water potentials and agricultural yield: no stress (≥-0.67 MPa); light stress (<-0.67 to -1.20 MPa); moderate stress (<-1.20 to -1.60 MPa), and severe stress (<-1.60 MPa). Conclusion. The categorization of stress due to the water deficit is a tool of high scientific value for the specific case of rice, since this plant has the capacity to adapt to tolerate the presence of a sheet of water throughout its biological cycle and is highly susceptible to water deficit.

scholarly journals Aminoacids and Flavonoids Profiling in Tempranillo Berries Can Be Modulated by the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torres ◽  
Hilbert ◽  
Antolín ◽  
Goicoechea
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

(1) Background: Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo is cultivated over the world for its wine of high quality. The association of Tempranillo with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) induced the accumulation of phenolics and carotenoids in leaves, affected the metabolism of abscisic acid (ABA) during berry ripening, and modulated some characteristics and quality aspects of grapes. The objective of this study was to elucidate if AMF influenced the profiles and the content of primary and secondary metabolites determinants for berry quality in Tempranillo. (2) Methods: Fruit-bearing cuttings inoculated with AMF or uninoculated were cultivated under controlled conditions. (3) Results: Mycorrhizal symbiosis modified the profile of metabolites in Tempranillo berries, especially those of the primary compounds. The levels of glucose and amino acids clearly increased in berries of mycorrhized Tempranillo grapevines, including those of the aromatic precursor amino acids. However, mycorrhizal inoculation barely influenced the total amount and the profiles of anthocyanins and flavonols in berries. (4) Conclusions: Mycorrhizal inoculation of Tempranillo grapevines may be an alternative to the exogenous application of nitrogen compounds in order to enhance the contents of amino acids in grapes, which may affect the aromatic characteristics of wines.

scholarly journals Influence of herbicide on plants in connection with formation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 369-373
Author(s):  
Zh. Z. Guralchuk ◽  
A. M. Sychuk ◽  
O. V. Gumenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Factors Influencing

Aim. The aim of the work is to analyze the available literature data on the effect of herbicides on the formation of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Results. The article gives a brief overview of the influence of herbicides with different mechanism of action on the formation and functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. The direct and indirect effects of herbicides on the AM fungi, the different selectivity of AM fungi to herbicides and other factors influencing the effect of herbicides on biodiversity of AM fungi and the formation of mycorrhizal symbiosis are considered. Conclusions. Herbicides with different mechanism of action can have a significant effect on the diversity of AM fungi present in the soil, the formation and functioning of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Their effect on the AM fungi can be either direct or indirect due to the influence on the host plant. AM fungi, in turn, can also influence the selectivity of the plant to herbicides. Studies on the effect of herbicides on mycorrhizal symbiosis may be important for increasing the herbicide efficiency. Keywords: herbicides, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, mycorrhizal symbiosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Vermicompost and Selected Plant Preparations on the Development of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
Michaela Stroblová ◽  
Ladislava Prokopová ◽  
Jaroslav Záhora
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Extraradical Mycelium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

The aim of the pot experiment was to evaluate effect of vermicompost and promoting plant preparations application (Symbivit and Plantaktiv) on the development of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in lettuce, amount of extraradical mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi in soil and plant biomass production. Symbivit contains six species of mycorrhizal fungi and Plantaktiv contains magnesium sulfate activated by oxygen promoting activity of aerobic microorganisms in the soil. The application of vermicompost and promoting plant preparations did not have a statistically significant effect on lettuce root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi. The greatest length of extraradical mycelium was observed in variant with vermicompost application, in variant with addition of vermicompost and Symbivit, and in variant with vermicompost applied with both plant preparations. There was detected statistically significant difference when compared to control variant. Dry matter weight of aboveground biomass and root of the lettuce were statistically significantly increased in all variants, where vermicompost was applied, either alone or in combination with plant preparations. Separate application of Symbivit or Plantaktiv did not have a statistically significant effect either on the length of extraradical mycelium or dry matter weight of the lettuce.

scholarly journals An outlook on ion signaling and ionome of mycorrhizal symbiosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro C. Ramos ◽  
Arnoldo R. Façanha ◽  
Livia M. Palma ◽  
Lev A. Okorokov ◽  
Zilma M.A. Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Molecular Bases

The 450-million-year-old interaction between the majority of land plants and mycorrhizal fungi is one of the most ancient, abundant, and ecologically important symbiosis on earth. The early events in the evolution of mycorrhizal symbioses seem to have involved reciprocal genetic changes in ancestral plants and free-living fungi. new data on the mechanism of action of specific signaling molecules and how it influence and is influenced by the membrane ions fluxes and cytoplasm ion oscillations which integrate the symbiotic ionome are improving our understanding of the molecular bases of the mycorrhization process. This mini-review will highlight topics regarding what is known about the ionome and ionic communication in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis focusing on the signals involved in the development of symbioses. Here we present an overview integrating the available data with the prospects of the research in the field.

Responsiveness of Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Plants to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Under Different Phosphate Fertilization Levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1243-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdellatif Essahibi ◽  
Laila Benhiba ◽  
Mohamed Oussouf Fouad ◽  
Mohamed Ait Babram ◽  
Cherki Ghoulam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L
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