scholarly journals Environmental Regulation of Agriculture in Federal Systems of Government: The Case of Australia

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1478
Author(s):  
Evan Hamman ◽  
Felicity Deane ◽  
Amanda Kennedy ◽  
Anna Huggins ◽  
Zoe Nay
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
National Level ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Policy Mix ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Regulatory Interventions ◽  
Regulatory Complexity

The regulation of environmental impacts from agriculture can take place at various scales. In some nations, with federal systems of government, the multiscale nature of regulatory interventions can be confusing for farmers, not to mention costly and time-consuming to navigate. Regulatory overlap contributes to inefficiency and wastage in governance efforts, reduced trust in government action and can preclude positive environmental outcomes across the landscape. In this article, we explore how Australia’s national-level law has been applied to agricultural land use. We canvas the concepts of regulatory complexity and ambiguity, and argue for a more integrated and flexible policy mix that rewards positive behaviour and stewardship of natural capital. This model would provide financial and other personal gains for those who can demonstrate objectives are being met. Further empirical research on fine-tuning that policy mix, again across scale, is warranted.

Corruption risks in the sphere of land relations and directions of their minimization

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 321 (7) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Oksana Rykovska
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Population ◽  
National Level ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Land Transactions ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to identify corruption risks in the field of land relations, identify specific factors confirming the existence of a corruption component in agricultural land use to create a system of preventive measures and establish regulatory fuses, limit corruption influence on land transactions and protect human rights. Research methods. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis (to determine the sources of corruption schemes in the field of land relations); correlation analysis (to establish the relationship between corruption and land use concentration); empirical (on the study of the consequences of corruption offenses in the field of land relations) and abstract-logical (to summarize the conclusions and formulate proposals). Research results. Identification of the main sources of corruption schemes in the field of agricultural land use contributes to the development of effective methods to combat these offenses. According to research by foreign scholars, the system of preventing abuse of office and obtaining illegal benefits by officials at all levels of government is built through: overcoming the monopoly, as the exclusive right of government agencies to carry out and control land transactions; clear legislative regulation of mechanisms of purchase and sale and other transactions with agricultural land; introduction of mechanisms of publicity, transparency and information openness in the land market. Disclosure of intentions to conduct land transactions, opening of operations, dissemination of information on approved agreements will reduce the interest of corrupt officials and protect legal actions. In addition to the types of corruption in the field of agricultural land use identified by the NACP, specific factors are outlined that confirm the existence of a corruption component, including: 1) conclusion of large land agreements (concentration of land use); 2) investment flows into land assets from offshore zones; 3) discretionary powers of a single body of executive power in the field of disposal of agricultural land. The establishment of regulatory safeguards on additional to generally accepted factors of corruption will limit the corrupt impact on land transactions and protect the rights of low-income people, small landholdings and other types of socio-economic exclusion. Scientific novelty сonsists in substantiating the need to single out large land agreements (concentration of land use) as transactions with significant corruption risk, when developing mechanisms to combat corruption at the national level. Practical significance. Addendum to the draft Anti-Corruption Strategy for 2021-2025 in terms of identifying key issues in the field of land relations by developing a special mechanism for concluding large agreements (land use concentration) with mandatory verification of sources of funds, verification of information on ultimate beneficial owners and verification of corporate structure permanent monitoring of the impact of concentrated land use on the observance of the rights of the local population and preservation of the environment will become an effective preventive anti-corruption measure in the field of land relations. Figs.: 3. Refs.: 27.

scholarly journals Is Natural Capital Really Substitutable?

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Cohen ◽  
Cameron J. Hepburn ◽  
Alexander Teytelboym
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Careful Scrutiny ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Industrial Energy Use

The extent to which natural capital can be substituted with manufactured or human capital in production is a key determinant of the possibility of long-run sustainable economic development. We review empirical literature pertaining to the degree of substitutability between natural capital and other forms of capital. We find that most available substitutability estimates do not stand up to careful scrutiny. Moreover, accurate substitutability estimates are even more difficult to produce for unpriced or mispriced resources. Finally, we provide evidence from industrial energy use, and agricultural land use, that suggests substitutability of natural capital with other forms of capital may be low to moderate.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE MEASUREMENT OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL LAND USE: THE EU’S EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
T. Vasilyeva ◽  
V. Shkola
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food System ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Face

The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a challenge to food security globally and nationally. In the face of growing climate and environmental challenges, ensuring the sustainability of the food system, which is the basis of the European Green Deal, the European Union's sustainable and inclusive growth strategies, depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of the sustainable agricultural land use system. The aim of the study is to examine the European Union's experience in transforming the system of sustainable agricultural land use on an innovative basis to ensure its sustainability and security in the face of current challenges and threats (both faced and far-looking). The study uses a mixed approach, including factorial analysis and descriptive statistics, using a sample of 27 European Union’s economies and Ukraine’s economy. Ukraine's place on the European Union’s land map is determined, the dynamics of change in the structure of Ukraine's land area is analyzed, priority directions of innovative development of sustainable land use are determined, prospects of common agricultural policy and innovation policy to ensure the transition of the European Union and Ukraine to the sustainable, resilient and competitive economy are outlined. To ensure the sustainability and resilience of the agricultural land use and consequently the food system as a whole, the need to intensify research and introduce innovations has been identified. Innovations are to be aimed at the following goals: 1) protection and restoration of natural ecosystems; 2) preservation and improvement of natural capital and public health; 3) sustainable use of resources, including land, energy; 4) developing resilient food system; 5) accelerating the achievement of zero pollution, 6) development of sustainable and intelligent mobility. Building a system of sustainable agricultural land use requires, firstly, the formation of a new system of knowledge based on the latest research and development, the introduction of which will act in advance to overcome existing risks and threats in agriculture and sustainable rural development, and secondly, development of the system of its institutional support, which is revealed through the action of the consistent organizational and economic mechanism. Future studies are suggested to build an innovative model for the development of the national system of sustainable land use, taking into account the institutional potential of the land management system.

scholarly journals Agroforestry Systems of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley: Land Use for Biocultural Diversity Conservation

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Mariana Vallejo ◽  
M. Isabel Ramírez ◽  
Alejandro Reyes-González ◽  
Jairo López-Sánchez ◽  
Alejandro Casas
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Biocultural Diversity ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Human Settlements

The Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico, is the semiarid region with the richest biodiversity of North America and was recently recognized as a UNESCO's World Heritage site. Original agricultural practices remain to this day in agroforestry systems (AFS), which are expressions of high biocultural diversity. However, local people and researchers perceive a progressive decline both in natural ecosystems and AFS. To assess changes in location and extent of agricultural land use, we carried out a visual interpretation of very-high resolution imagery and field work, through which we identified AFS and conventional agricultural systems (CAS) from 1995 to 2003 and 2012. We analyzed five communities, representative of three main ecological and agricultural zones of the region. We assessed agricultural land use changes in relation to conspicuous landscape features (relief, rivers, roads, and human settlements). We found that natural ecosystems cover more than 85% of the territory in each community, and AFS represent 51% of all agricultural land. Establishment and permanence of agricultural lands were strongly influenced by gentle slopes and the existence of roads. Contrary to what we expected, we recorded agricultural areas being abandoned, thus favoring the regeneration of natural ecosystems, as well as a 9% increase of AFS over CAS. Agriculture is concentrated near human settlements. Most of the studied territories are meant to preserve natural ecosystems, and traditional AFS practices are being recovered for biocultural conservation.

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