Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between Ornamental Apple Species Provides Insights into Mechanism of Double Flowering

Double-flower ornamental crabapples display eye-catching morphologies in comparison to single flower, but the genetic basis of double-flower development is not yet well known in apples. In order to comprehensively understand the differential expression of genes (DEGs) between single and double flower, the transcriptome of double flower crabapples Malus Kelsey, Malus micromalus, Malus Royalty, and a single flower cultivar Malus Dolgo were compared by RNA-sequencing. The results showed that there were 1854 genes in overlapped DEGs among all sample comparisons in apple single and double flower varieties. A large number of development and hormone related DEGs were also recognized on the basis of GO and KEGG annotations, and most of the genes were found to be down-regulated in double flowers. Particularly, an AGL24-MADS-box gene (MD08G1196900) and an auxin responsive gene (MD13G1137000) were putatively key candidate genes in the development of double flower by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The study provides insights into the complex molecular mechanism underlying the development of the double flower in apple.

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Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of a MADS-Box Gene (GbMADS2) from Ginkgo biloba

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4319760 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaohui WANG ◽

Junhuan CHENG ◽

Feng XU ◽

Xingxiang LI ◽

Weiwei ZHANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Expression Analysis ◽

Ginkgo Biloba ◽

Flower Development ◽

Time Course ◽

Male Flower ◽

Cloning And Expression ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Mads Box ◽

Typical Structure ◽

Mads Box Gene

As a kind of transcription factors gene family, MADS-box genes play an important role in plant development processes. To find genes involved in the floral transition of Ginkgo biloba, a MADS-box gene, designated as GbMADS2, was cloned from G. biloba based on EST sequences by RT-PCR. Sequence analysis results showed that the cDNA sequence of GbMADS2 contained a 663 bp length ORF encoding 221 amino acids protein, which displayed typical structure of plant MADS-box protein including MADS, I, and K domains and C terminus. The sequence of GbMADS2 protein was highly homologous to those of MADS-box proteins from other plant species with the highest homologous to AGAMOUS (CyAG) from Cycas revoluta. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that GbMADS2 belonged to AGAMOUS clade genes. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that expression levels of GbMADS2 gene in female and male flower were significantly higher than those in root, stem, and leaves, and that GbMADS2 expression level increased along with time of flower development. The spatial and time-course expression profile of GbMADS2 implied that GbMADS2 might be involved in development of reproductive organs. The isolation and expression analysis of GbMADS2 provided basis for further studying the molecular mechanism of flower development in G. biloba.

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Ieafy hull sterile 1 Is a Homeotic Mutation in a Rice MADS Box Gene Affecting Rice Flower Development

The Plant Cell ◽

10.2307/3871216 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 871 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jong-Seong Jeon ◽

Seonghoe Jang ◽

Sichul Lee ◽

Jongmin Nam ◽

Chanhong Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flower Development ◽

Mads Box ◽

Mads Box Gene ◽

Homeotic Mutation

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Isolation of Flower Development Regulator Gene SEPALLATA 1 in Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v3i4.687 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Ayu Linda Febriani ◽

Riska Anggraini ◽

Muthia Naila Mazieda ◽

Murni Saptasari ◽

Dwi Listyorini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flower Development ◽

Start Codon ◽

Regulator Gene ◽

Mads Box ◽

Orchid Species ◽

Mads Box Gene ◽

Reverse Primer ◽

Development Regulation ◽

Large Flower ◽

Forward Primer

Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume is an indigenous orchid species in Indonesia. This orchid has a white large flower. The large flower is caused by the existence of gene that has an important role in flower development. One of the genes is SEPALLATA 1. This gene is a member of superfamily MADS-Box gene. SEPALLATA 1 gene is a marker of primordial flower organ. This study aimed to isolate SEPALLATA1 gene from Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume by PCR using forward primer 5’-GCT-GGA-GCG-GAT-CGA-GAA-CA-3’and reverse primer 5’-TCA-TGC-AAG-CCA-ACC-AGG-TG-3’. This study successfully amplified 691 bp lengths of SEPPALATA1 fragment, lacking 20 bp upstream which consist its start codon. <div>Keywords: Flower development regulation, Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume, SEPALLATA 1 gene.</div>

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MADS-box genes of maize: frequent targets of selection during domestication

Genetics Research ◽

10.1017/s0016672310000509 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 93 (1) ◽

pp. 65-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

QIONG ZHAO ◽

ALLISON L. WEBER ◽

MICHAEL D. MCMULLEN ◽

KATHERINE GUILL ◽

JOHN DOEBLEY

Keyword(s):

Flower Development ◽

Sequence Variation ◽

Coalescent Simulation ◽

Mads Box ◽

Mads Box Genes ◽

Agricultural Improvement ◽

Dna Sequence Variation ◽

Mads Box Gene ◽

Neutrality Tests ◽

Maize Domestication

SummaryMADS-box genes encode transcription factors that are key regulators of plant inflorescence and flower development. We examined DNA sequence variation in 32 maize MADS-box genes and 32 randomly chosen maize loci and investigated their involvement in maize domestication and improvement. Using neutrality tests and a test based on coalescent simulation of a bottleneck model, we identified eight MADS-box genes as putative targets of the artificial selection associated with domestication. According to neutrality tests, one additional MADS-box gene appears to have been under selection during modern agricultural improvement of maize. For random loci, two genes were indicated as targets of selection during domestication and four additional genes were indicated to be candidate-selected loci for maize improvement. These results suggest that MADS-box genes were more frequent targets of selection during domestication than genes chosen at random from the genome.

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Genome-wide identification of MADS-box gene family in sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) identifies a SEPALLATA homolog gene involved in floral development

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-020-02712-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhongyuan Lin ◽

Dingding Cao ◽

Rebecca Njeri Damaris ◽

Pingfang Yang

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factors ◽

Gene Family ◽

Flower Development ◽

Nelumbo Nucifera ◽

Mads Box ◽

Mads Box Genes ◽

Floral Organogenesis ◽

Sacred Lotus ◽

Lotus Flower ◽

Mads Box Gene

Abstract Background Sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is a vital perennial aquatic ornamental plant. Its flower shape determines the horticultural and ornamental values. However, the mechanisms underlying lotus flower development are still elusive. MADS-box transcription factors are crucial in various features of plant development, especially in floral organogenesis and specification. It is still unknown how the MADS-box transcription factors regulate the floral organogenesis in lotus. Results To obtain a comprehensive insight into the functions of MADS-box genes in sacred lotus flower development, we systematically characterized members of this gene family based on the available genome information. A total of 44 MADS-box genes were identified, of which 16 type I and 28 type II genes were categorized based on the phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, the structure of MADS-box genes and their expressional patterns were also systematically analyzed. Additionally, subcellular localization analysis showed that they are mainly localized in the nucleus, of which a SEPALLATA3 (SEP3) homolog NnMADS14 was proven to be involved in the floral organogenesis. Conclusion These results provide some fundamental information about the MADS-box gene family and their functions, which might be helpful in not only understanding the mechanisms of floral organogenesis but also breeding of high ornamental value cultivars in lotus.

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Genome-wide identification, characterization of the MADS-box gene family in Chinese jujube and their involvement in flower development

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-017-01159-8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Liman Zhang ◽

Jin Zhao ◽

Chunfang Feng ◽

Mengjun Liu ◽

Jiurui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Family ◽

Flower Development ◽

Mads Box ◽

Chinese Jujube ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Mads Box Gene

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Characterization of the Antirrhinum floral homeotic MADS-box gene deficiens: evidence for DNA binding and autoregulation of its persistent expression throughout flower development.

The EMBO Journal ◽

10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05048.x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 251-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 251

Author(s):

Z. Schwarz-Sommer ◽

I. Hue ◽

P. Huijser ◽

P.J. Flor ◽

R. Hansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Binding ◽

Flower Development ◽

Mads Box ◽

Mads Box Gene ◽

Floral Homeotic

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Function and Diversification of MADS-Box Genes in Rice

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2006.320 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 1923-1932 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Takahiro Yamaguchi ◽

Hiro-Yuki Hirano

Keyword(s):

Flower Development ◽

Floral Organ ◽

Flowering Plants ◽

Grass Species ◽

Mads Box ◽

Mads Box Genes ◽

Genetic Studies ◽

Floral Diversity ◽

Organ Identity ◽

Mads Box Gene

MADS-box genes play critical roles in a number of developmental processes in flowering plants, such as specification of floral organ identity, control of flowering time, and regulation of fruit development. Because of their crucial functions in flower development, diversification of the MADS-box gene family has been suggested to be a major factor responsible for floral diversity during radiation of the flowering plants. Inflorescences and flowers in the grass species have unique structures that are distinct from those in eudicots. Thus, it is plausible that the diversification of the function of MADS-box genes may have been a key driving force in the morphological divergence of the flowers and inflorescences in the grasses. Indeed, recent progress in genetic studies has shown that MADS-box genes function in flower development inOryza sativa(rice), in support of the idea that functional diversification of the MADS-box genes was involved in evolution of the angiosperms. In this review, we summarize the functions of the major subfamilies of the MADS-box genes in rice and discuss their role in the development and evolution of rice flowers and inflorescences.

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