scholarly journals Effect of Stroking on Serotonin, Noradrenaline, and Cortisol Levels in the Blood of Right- and Left-Pawed Dogs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Mirosław Karpiński ◽  
Katarzyna Ognik ◽  
Aleksandra Garbiec ◽  
Piotr Czyżowski ◽  
Magdalena Krauze
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Paw Preference ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
The Brain

It has been assumed that stroking relieves stress responses in dogs, and dogs with the activation of the left-brain hemisphere (right-pawed) may show better adaptation to stress conditions. The aim of the study was to determine whether the stroking stimulus induced changes in the level of selected neuroregulators in dogs’ blood and whether these changes depended on the sex and the predominance of the activity of one of the brain hemispheres. The study involved 40 dogs of various breeds and both sexes. The experimental animals were subjected to a behavioral tests (Kong test), and the levels of noradrenaline, serotonin, and cortisol were determined in their blood plasma. The results of the behavioral test revealed that most dogs exhibited increased activity of the left hemisphere. Furthermore, irrespective of the sex and paw preference, stroking the animal was found to alleviate the stress response, which was reflected in reduced cortisol levels and increased serotonin levels. It was found that the plasma noradrenaline, cortisol, and serotonin levels were lower in the female dogs than in the males. Additionally, the plasma noradrenaline and serotonin levels were higher in the right-pawed dogs than in the left-pawed dogs. The present results confirm the assumption that right-pawed dogs adapt to stressful conditions more readily.

scholarly journals BRAIN VOLUMES OF THE LAMB, RAT AND BIRD DO NOT SHOW HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY: A STEREOLOGICAL STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bünyamin Sahin ◽  
Hüseyin Aslan ◽  
Bünyami Unal ◽  
Sinan Canan ◽  
Sait Bilgic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Cavalieri Principle ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

It is well known that there are functional differences between right and left brain hemispheres. However, it is not clear whether these functional differences are reflected in morphometric differences. This study was carried out to investigate the right-left asymmetry, and sex and species differences of the brains using the Cavalieri principle for volume estimation. Seventeen lambs, 10 rats and 12 avian brains were used to estimate brain volumes. A transparent point grid was superimposed on the slices of lamb brains directly and the slices of the rat and avian brains were projected onto a screen at 10x magnification. Surface areas of the cut slice faces were estimated by simply counting the points that hit the slices. Mean brain volumes were 37.74 cm3, 598.95 mm3 and 730.38 mm3 and the coefficients of variations were 0.08, 0.05 and 0.05 for lamb, rat and avian brains respectively. The differences between left and right hemispheres did not show statistical significance (P > 0.05). However, the male brain volumes were larger than the females for the lamb and bird (P < 0.05). In light of such findings, it will be necessary to evaluate neuron number of the brain hemispheres to provide more useful data regarding inter-hemispheric brain asymmetry.

Orientation and lateralized cue use in pigeons navigating a large indoor environment

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (12) ◽  
pp. 1795-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Prior ◽  
Frank Lingenauber ◽  
Jörg Nitschke ◽  
Onur Güntürkün
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Brain Lateralization ◽  
Spatial Cues ◽  
Brain Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Right Brain ◽  
Starting Location ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Reference Frame

SUMMARY The pigeon's use of different visuo-spatial cues was studied under controlled laboratory conditions that simulated analogous aspects of a homing situation. The birds first learned the route to a goal that was not visible from the starting location, but became visible as it was approached. Birds could orientate within a mainly geometric global reference frame, using prominent landmarks within their range, or by `piloting' along local cues. After learning the route, the birds were tested from familiar and unfamiliar release points, and several aspects of the available cues were varied systematically. The study explored the contribution of the left and right brain hemispheres by performing tests with the right or left eye occluded. The results show that pigeons can establish accurate bearings towards a non-visible goal by using a global reference frame only. Furthermore, there was a peak of searching activity at the location predicted by the global reference frame. Search at this location and directedness of the bearings were equally high with both right and left eye, suggesting that both brain hemispheres have the same competence level for these components of the task. A lateralization effect occurred when prominent landmarks were removed or translated. While the right brain hemisphere completely ignored such changes,the left brain hemisphere was distracted by removal of landmarks. After translation of landmarks, the left but not the right brain hemisphere allocated part of the searching activity to the site predicted by the new landmark position. The results show that a mainly geometric global visual reference frame is sufficient to determine exact bearings from familiar and unfamiliar release points. Overall, the results suggest a model of brain lateralization with a well-developed global spatial reference system in either hemisphere and an extra capacity for the processing of object features in the left brain.

Teaching Drawing as a Code or Diagram—Mirror or Map—, and Its Correlation with the Right or Left Brain Hemispheres

2017 ◽  
pp. 555-563
Author(s):  
Aurelio Vallespín Muniesa ◽  
Noelia Cervero Sánchez ◽  
Victoria González Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Dissociating Neural Correlates of Action Monitoring and Metacognition of Agency

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 3620-3636 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Miele ◽  
Tor D. Wager ◽  
Jason P. Mitchell ◽  
Janet Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Action Monitoring ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Metacognitive Judgments ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reflective Processing ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
The Brain

Judgments of agency refer to people's self-reflective assessments concerning their own control: their assessments of the extent to which they themselves are responsible for an action. These self-reflective metacognitive judgments can be distinguished from action monitoring, which involves the detection of the divergence (or lack of divergence) between observed states and expected states. Presumably, people form judgments of agency by metacognitively reflecting on the output of their action monitoring and then consciously inferring the extent to which they caused the action in question. Although a number of previous imaging studies have been directed at action monitoring, none have assessed judgments of agency as a potentially separate process. The present fMRI study used an agency paradigm that not only allowed us to examine the brain activity associated with action monitoring but that also enabled us to investigate those regions associated with metacognition of agency. Regarding action monitoring, we found that being “out of control” during the task (i.e., detection of a discrepancy between observed and expected states) was associated with increased brain activity in the right TPJ, whereas being “in control” was associated with increased activity in the pre-SMA, rostral cingulate zone, and dorsal striatum (regions linked to self-initiated action). In contrast, when participants made self-reflective metacognitive judgments about the extent of their own control (i.e., judgments of agency) compared with when they made judgments that were not about control (i.e., judgments of performance), increased activity was observed in the anterior PFC, a region associated with self-reflective processing. These results indicate that action monitoring is dissociable from people's conscious self-attributions of control.

scholarly journals Christian Faith View On Mid-Brain Activation System And Its Impact On The Spirituality Of Children Aged 6 To 12 Years Old In Surabaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Connie Laurina
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Right Brain ◽  
God's Word ◽  
Activation System ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

God created humans as the most special creation compared to His other creations. Human intelligence is caused by one organ which, although small in size, has a very vital role, namely the brain. Advances in knowledge and technology have encouraged scientists to try solving the mysteries of the brain. Many studies have focused on the right brain and left brain, or to balance the right brain and left brain. But in recent years, there has been a training/self-development institute who stated that they had found a way to balance the right and left brain, namely by activating the midbrain. This midbrain activation method is aimed at children aged 5-15 years because it is considered that children at this age are more easily activated in a very short time through a computer.The method used in writing this work is a Literature Study that contains various information on matters related to the topic of discussion. In addition to using literature, writing will be complemented by field research, using a Check List to interview respondents. The research approach used are qualitative and quantitative approach. A The qualitative approach obtains data regarding respondent's experiences. This writing has the aim of finding ( knowing ) whether the Midbrain Activation system is in accordance with God's Word or against God's Word; to open the horizons of parents, congregations and even readers of this paper, especially those with children, so that they can be more careful in choosing training for their children.

scholarly journals Meta Cognition Thinking and Its Relationship to Patterns of Brain Dominance among Jordanian University Students According to Gender and Specialization Variables

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Hussain Aburayash
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Brain Dominance ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Control Pattern ◽  
Brain Pattern ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dominance Pattern ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
The Brain

The study aimed to identify the level of Meta Cognition thinking and its relationship to dominant patterns of brain dominance among Jordanian university students, and to identify if there were differences in the level of Meta Cognition thinking and brain dominance patterns attributed to variables of gender and college. The study sample consisted male and female students at the academic year 2020/2021, and this sample was taken in a simple random way. Two measures were applied: Meta Cognition thinking, and brain dominance patterns, after confirming their psychometric properties. The results showed that the level of Meta Cognition thinking among Jordanian university students is (high), and that the dominant brain pattern among the study sample is the right pattern, followed by the left and then the integrated, and also there is no statistically significant relationship between the brain dominance patterns and the variables of gender and college, and there is statistically significant differences in Meta Cognition thinking among students with the (left) brain dominance pattern compared to those with the (integrated) brain control pattern and in favor of those with the left brain dominance type.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Brain Gym Games in Optimizing the Right and Left Sides of Students' Brains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Yuda Pratama ◽  
Budi Astuti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Brain Gym ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Successfully optimizing the right and left sides of the brain can help to improve intelligence, logic and social intelligence. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the brain gym game in optimizing the right and left sides of students’ brains. A quantitative approach was used with a pretest/posttest design. Random sampling was used to recruit participants and the sample consisted of 53 students at XI MIPA Senior High School. The results showed that the brain gym game was effective in optimizing students’ right and left sides of the brain. Based on these results, innovation is recommended that contributes to the novelty of guidance and counseling media using the brain gym game to reflect on the functions of students’ right and left sides of the brain. Keywords: brain gym games, right brain, left brain

Intuitive Development: Communication in the Nineties

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela R. Johnson ◽  
Claudia Rawlins Daumer
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Development Communication ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Right Brain ◽  
Hand Writing ◽  
The Brain

Communication is an intuitive as well as cognitive process. In order to develop the brain skill of intuition, it is sometimes necessary to shut down cognitive (left-brain analyses and pay special attention to intuitive (right-brain) ways of knowing. The brain hemispheres work differently and yet in conjunction. This article suggests techniques for developing intuitive brain skills. Mandalas, “other” hand writing, and positive affirmations can be used to improve intuitive skills.

The Computer and the Right Side of the Brain

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
Harold J. MCWhinnie
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Creative Behavior ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Computer Assisted Design ◽  
Right Brain ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

This article presents a more theoretical discussion of the use of the microcomputer, selective computer graphics programs, as basic experiences which relate as much to right as to the left side of the brain. It reviews some selected research literature in art education which shows the importance of the right brain in various areas of creative behavior and drawing skills, and argues that while the computer has been shown as the sine qua non of left brain activity, conceptual and analytical thought processes, one can also approach it from a right brain perspective. This article details a personal experience of the use of computer with the right brain approach in computer graphics and computer assisted design.

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