scholarly journals l-Lactate Dehydrogenase B Chain Associated with Milk Protein Content in Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Seung Woo Jeon ◽  
U Suk Jung ◽  
Min Jeong Kim ◽  
Hong Gu Lee
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Milk Protein Content

This study aimed to explore genes associated with milk protein content in dairy cows and their relationships with l-leucine. Ten primiparous Holstein cows (93.8 ± 11.56 milking days) fed the same diet were divided into two groups depending on their milk protein contents (group High, 3.34 ± 0.10%; and group Low, 2.86 ± 0.05%). Milk epithelial cells (MECs) were isolated from the collected morning milk and differentially expressed proteins in MECs were explored by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Then, the mRNA expression of these proteins was detected by real time PCR in MAC-T cells incubated with three different media named positive control (PC), negative control (NC), and l-leucine depletion (NO-leu). Results showed that ten proteins were differentially expressed in MECs from cows in group High. They included seven down-regulated ones (heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1), 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP-78), l-lactate dehydrogenase B chain (LDH-B), malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic (MDH1), annexin I (ANXA1), cytokeratin-7 (CK-7), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)), and three up-regulated ones (prohibitin (PHB), beta casein (CSN2), and alpha S1 casein (CSN1S1)). When l-leucine was depleted from the medium, not only proteins content was lowered (p < 0.05), but also the LDH-B mRNA expression was decreased in MAC-T cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, LDH-B is negatively associated with the milk protein content of dairy cows and has a positive association with l-leucine.

Anti-mastitis SNV identification of NFκB1 in Chinese Holstein cows and the possible anti-inflammation role of NFκB1/p105 in bovine MECs

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1191-1201
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Rongfu Tian ◽  
Huilin Zhang ◽  
Xiaolin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Chinese Holstein ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Chinese Holstein Cows ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Abstract NFκB1/p105 is the critical member of the NFκB family which can suppress inflammation, ageing, and cancer when p50/p50 homodimer is formed. Currently, the research about the role of NFκB1/p105 during cow mastitis is limited. Here, we analyzed the correlation of six single-nucleotide variants of the NFκB1 gene with somatic cell count, milk yield, milk fat content, and milk protein content in 547 Chinese Holstein cows, and explored the mRNA expression profiles of the NFκB family and ubiquitin ligases (βTrCP1, βTrCP2, KPC1, KPC2) in LPS-induced bovine mammary epithelial cells (MECs) by transcriptome-Seq. The association analysis showed that cows with SNV2-TT and SNV6-CC in the NFκB1 gene had significantly higher milk protein content (P &lt; 0.05), while cows with SNV5-TT in the NFκB1 gene had significantly lower somatic cell score (SCS), but CC genotype at SNV5 locus was not detected in our Holstein cows. The transcriptome-Seq results demonstrated the mRNA expression of NFκB1 was increased and peaked at 4 h post-induction, while the mRNA expressions of both KPC1 and BCL3 that promote the anti-inflammation function of NFκB1/p105 were decreased in LPS-induced bovine MECs. TNFAIP3, an inhibitor of both degradation and processing of p105 precursor, was markedly increased by more than 3 folds. Furthermore, bta-miR-125b which targets at the 3ʹUTR of TNFAIP3 was reduced by 50%. These results indicated that SNV5-TT of the NFκB1 gene with lower SCS may be an anti-mastitis genotype that could cope with infection more efficiently in Chinese Holstein cows. In addition, the anti-inflammation role of NFκB1/p105 seemed to be inhibited in LPS-induced-bovine MECs because the formation of the p50/p50 homodimer was arrested. This study provides a new perspective to understand the inflammatory mechanism in dairy mastitis.

The relationship between milk progesterone and milk traits during estrus in dairy Cows

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gavelis ◽  
V. Þilaitis ◽  
A Juozaitis ◽  
V. Juozaitienë ◽  
G. Urbonavièius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Subclinical Ketosis ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to evaluate relationship between milk progesterone concentration (P4) and milk traits at the start of estrus time and 12h after start of the estrus in dairy cows. The 96 milk samples of 48 Lithuanian dairy cows without reproduction disorders and 90–100 days after calving were evaluated. Cows were classified into two groups based on milk yield per day: less than 30 kg (n=20) and e”30 kg (n=28). Data were categorized by milk fat and protein content at the start estrus and 12h after start of estrus to evaluate relationship between P4 and milk traits examined. P4 at estrus time in dairy cows was significantly positively correlated with milk yield (P less than 0.001), whereas it was negatively correlated with milk protein (P less than 0.05-P less than 0.01) and fat at 12h after start of estrus. Dairy cows with F/P from 1.0 to 1.5 had the lowest P4 in milk. Results of the pregnancy in dairy cows were related with lower P4 and milk yield level (P less than 0.001), higher milk fat (P less than 0.05) and milk protein content (P less than 0.001). These cows had 1.90 times lower prevalence of the signs of subclinical ketosis (P less than 0.05) at estrus time when compared with non-pregnant cows. As a result, it was clearly demonstrated that P4 in dairy cows can help to evaluate and improve the reproductive properties of cows.

The addition of lactose to the diets of dairy cows fed protected fats

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
R.D. Allison ◽  
P.C. Garnsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Fat Supplements

Rumen inert fats are often included in dairy rations to increase the metabolisable energy (ME) supply whilst maintaining rumen function. Protected fat supplements have been shown to increase milk yields and fat content but with an associated and undesirable reduction in protein content. A reduced intake of rumen available energy (FME) may limit the microbial protein yield and so reduce the supply of amino acids to the mammary gland. Lactose supplements have been shown to increase the flow of microbial protein to the intestines (Chamberlain et al, 1993) and to reduce the effect of protected fats on milk protein content during early lactation (Garnsworthy, 1996). A trial was conducted to determine whether lactose supplementation could reduce the effects of protected fats on milk protein content during mid lactation.

Manipulation of milk protein content in dairy cows

In Practice ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Chamberlan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Protein Content

The response of dairy cows to intravascular administration of two mixtures of amino acids

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 88-88
Author(s):  
J A Metcalf ◽  
L A Crompton ◽  
F R C Backwell ◽  
B J Bequette ◽  
M A Lomax ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Milk Protein Content

Previous work by this group (Metcalf et al 1996) has shown that milk protein concentration can be increased by jugular infusion of different mixtures of amino acids (AA). The current experiment was designed in part to investigate which groups of AA had the greatest effect in stimulating milk protein content.

scholarly journals Variation in the bovine FABP4 gene affects milk yield and milk protein content in dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zhou ◽  
L. Cheng ◽  
W. Azimu ◽  
S. Hodge ◽  
G. R. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Protein Content

The response of dairy cows to intravascular administration of two mixtures of amino acids

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 88-88
Author(s):  
J A Metcalf ◽  
L A Crompton ◽  
F R C Backwell ◽  
B J Bequette ◽  
M A Lomax ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Milk Protein Content

Previous work by this group (Metcalf et al 1996) has shown that milk protein concentration can be increased by jugular infusion of different mixtures of amino acids (AA). The current experiment was designed in part to investigate which groups of AA had the greatest effect in stimulating milk protein content.

Effects of calcium soaps of rapeseed fatty acids and protected methionine on milk yield and composition in dairy cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZYGMUNT M. KOWALSKI ◽  
PAWEŁ M. PISULEWSKI ◽  
MAURO SPANGHERO
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Milk Protein Content

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplementing the diets of dairy cows with Ca soaps of rapeseed fatty acids (CSRFA) and rumen-protected (RP) methionine on their milk yield and composition, including milk protein fractions and fatty acids. Twelve Polish Red Lowland cows were used in a complete balanced two period changeover experiment. The four treatment diets were a control consisting of a total mixed ration of grass silage and concentrates, and the total mixed ration supplemented with RP methionine, CSRFA or RP methionine plus CSRFA. Dry matter intake was not affected by diet. Milk yield increased when cows were given the diet with CSRFA, but supplementation of diets with RP methionine did not affect milk yield. Milk protein content, but not milk protein yield, decreased when CSRFA was given. The addition of RP methionine to the control diet and the CSRFA diet produced similar increases in the milk protein content. Supplementation of the diet with CSRFA significantly changed the milk fatty acid profile: the proportions of 10:0, 12:0, 14:0, 15:0 and 16:0 in milk fat decreased, but those of 18:0 and cis-18:1 increased. We conclude that CSRFA can be used in practical dairy diets to increase milk yield and manipulate its fatty acid composition.

The effect of different groups of amino acids on rat mammary protein synthesis in vitro

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 87-87
Author(s):  
J.Alderson ◽  
B.J. Bequette ◽  
M.A. Lomax
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Milk Industry ◽  
The Uk

The current pricing structure of the UK milk industry considers milk quality with higher premiums paid for milk protein content than for fat. Attempts to alter milk protein content by feeding extra protein(Bequette et al.,1998) or infusing amino acids(AA) in dairy cows has not always given consistent results. The present study is the first in a series where the objective is to use explants prepared from rat mammary glands to start identifying which AA may be (limiting) most important in regulating milk protein synthesis. Such information could be useful to identify specific AA which should be supplemented in the diet of the cow.

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