scholarly journals Agonistic Interactions in Pigs–Comparison of Dominance Indices with Parameters Derived from Social Network Analysis in Three Age Groups

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Büttner ◽  
Irena Czycholl ◽  
Katharina Mees ◽  
Joachim Krieter
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Dominance Hierarchy ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Dominance Indices

Dominance indices are often calculated using the number of won and lost fights of each animal focusing on dyadic interactions. Social network analysis provides new insights into the establishment of stable group structures going beyond the dyadic approach. Thus, it was investigated whether centrality parameters describing the importance of each animal for the network are able to capture the rank order calculated by dominance indices. Therefore, two dominance indices and five centrality parameters based on two network types (initiator-receiver and winner-loser networks) were calculated regarding agonistic interactions observed in three mixing events (weaned piglets, fattening pigs, gilts). Comparing the two network types, the winner-loser networks demonstrated highly positive correlation coefficients between out-degree and outgoing closeness and the dominance indices. These results were confirmed by partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), i.e., about 60% of the variance of the dominance could be explained by the centrality parameters, whereby the winner-loser networks could better illustrate the dominance hierarchy with path coefficients of about 1.1 for all age groups. Thus, centrality parameters can portray the dominance hierarchy providing more detailed insights into group structure which goes beyond the dyadic approach.

Network Analysis for Economics and Management Studies

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Biggiero
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Competitive Equilibrium ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Main Research

Sociology and other social sciences have employed network analysis earlier than management and organization sciences, and much earlier than economics, which has been the last one to systematically adopt it. Nevertheless, the development of network economics during last 15 years has been massive, alongside three main research streams: strategic formation network modeling, (mostly descriptive) analysis of real economic networks, and optimization methods of economic networks. The main reason why this enthusiastic and rapidly diffused interest of economists came so late is that the most essential network properties, like externalities, endogenous change processes, and nonlinear propagation processes, definitely prevent the possibility to build a general – and indeed even partial – competitive equilibrium theory. For this paradigm has dominated economics in the last century, this incompatibility operated as a hard brake, and presented network analysis as an inappropriate epistemology. Further, being intrinsically (and often, until recent times, also radically) structuralist, social network analysis was also antithetic to radical methodological individualism, which was – and still is – economics dominant methodology. Though culturally and scientifically influenced by economists in some fields, like finance, banking and industry studies, scholars in management and organization sciences were free from “neoclassical economics chains”, and therefore more ready and open to adopt the methodology and epistemology of social network analysis. The main and early field through which its methods were channeled was the sociology of organizations, and in particular group structure and communication, because this is a research area largely overlapped between sociology and management studies. Currently, network analysis is becoming more and more diffused within management and organization sciences. Mostly descriptive until 15 years ago, all the fields of social network analysis have a great opportunity of enriching and developing its methods of investigation through statistical network modeling, which offers the possibility to develop, respectively, network formation and network dynamics models. They are a good compromise between the much more powerful agent-based simulation models and the usually descriptive (or poorly analytical) methods.

scholarly journals Chronology and development of the Chalcolithic necropolis of Varna I

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 282-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raiko Krauß ◽  
Clemens Schmid ◽  
David Kirschenheuter ◽  
Jonas Abele ◽  
Vladimir Slavchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
14C Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
Age Model

In the following paper, we present the main results of our now completed studies of the Varna I cemetery, based on the excavations undertaken by Ivan Ivanov in the years 1972–1991. The richness of the assemblages is singular in Old World prehistory. To tackle the question of its inter­nal, chronological development, we applied correspondence analysis (CA) to a newly created database that includes the inventories of all presently known graves, symbolic burials and find de­posits. The rank order of the seriated inventories was used to establish a CA-based 14C-age model for wiggle matching. In combination with topographic observations and social network analysis (SNA), our studies provide a new understanding both of the chronological and spatial distribution of the graves and burial goods, as well as new insights into the social structure, gender roles, individual relation­ships and ritual practices of the Chalcolithic community.

scholarly journals Social Network Analysis of a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Group in Captivity Following the Integration of a New Adult Member

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-700
Author(s):  
Sergio Díaz ◽  
Lindsay Murray ◽  
Sam G. B. Roberts ◽  
Paul Rodway
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
First Year ◽  
Primate Behavior ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
The Stability

AbstractManagement of primates in captivity often presents the challenge of introducing new individuals into a group, and research investigating the stability of the social network in the medium term after the introduction can help inform management decisions. We investigated the behavior of a group of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) housed at Chester Zoo, UK over 12 months (divided into three periods of 4 months) following the introduction of a new adult female. We recorded grooming, proximity, other affiliative behaviors, and agonistic behaviors and used social network analysis to investigate the stability, reciprocity, and structure of the group, to examine the effect of rearing history on grooming network position and the role of sex in agonistic behavior. Both the grooming and agonistic networks correlated across all three periods, while affiliative networks correlated only between periods 2 and 3. Males had significantly higher out-degree centrality in agonistic behaviors than females, indicating that they carried out agonistic behaviors more often than females. There was no significant difference in centrality between hand-reared and mother-reared chimpanzees. Overall, the group structure was stable and cohesive during the first year after the introduction of the new female, suggesting that this change did not destabilize the group. Our findings highlight the utility of social network analysis in the study of primate sociality in captivity, and how it can be used to better understand primate behavior following the integration of new individuals.

Influence of Opinion Leaders on Purchase Intention Using Social Network Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yi-Fen Chen ◽  
Chia-Wen Tsai ◽  
Yu-Fu Ann
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Opinion Leader ◽  
Network Centrality

This article examines social network centralities to identify peer group's opinion leader with the aim of determining whether an opinion leader and perceived value influence purchase intention in the field of paid mobile apps. Social network analysis (SNA) and regression analysis are applied to examine the hypotheses within the theoretical framework. The experiment involved a peer group of college students with total of 46 subjects. Using SPSS to analyze the influences of perceived value and the group's opinion leader on purchase intention, the results showed that consumer purchase intention is positively influenced by both the perceived value of paid mobile apps and positive advices given by opinion leader. In addition, an analysis using Ucinet 6 to examine consulting network centrality, friendship network centrality, and information centrality of every member of the group revealed that based on group structure, the group member having the highest centrality has the group's potential to be the opinion leader.

scholarly journals Social Network Analysis as a Valuable Tool for Understanding Tourists’ Multi-Attraction Travel Behavioral Intention to Revisit and Recommend

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deukhee Park ◽  
Gyehee Lee ◽  
Woo Gon Kim ◽  
Taegoo Terry Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tourist Satisfaction

In order to better understand tourists’ multi-attraction travel behavior, the present study developed a research model by combining the social network analysis technique with the structural equation model. The object of this study was to examine the structural relationships among destination image, tourists’ multi-attraction travel behavior patterns, tourists’ satisfaction, and their behavioral intentions. The data were gathered via an online survey using the China panel system. A total of 468 respondents who visited multiple attractions while in Seoul, Korea, were used for actual analysis. The results showed that all hypotheses are supported. Specifically, destination image was an important antecedent to multi-attraction travel behavior indicated by density and degree indices. In addition, the present study confirmed that density and degree centrality, the indicators of tourists’ multi-attraction travel behavior, were positively related to tourist satisfaction. The current study represented theoretical and practical implications and suggested avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Network Analysis for Learners’ Concept Maps While Using Mobile Augmented Reality Gaming

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9929
Author(s):  
Konstantina Sdravopoulou ◽  
Juan Manuel Muñoz González ◽  
María Dolores Hidalgo-Ariza
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mobile Augmented Reality ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Analysis Concept

Using mobile augmented reality games in education combines situated and active learning with pleasure. The aim of this research is to analyze the responses expressed by young, middle-aged, and elderly adults about the location-based mobile augmented reality (MAR) games using methods of content analysis, concept maps, and social network analysis (SNA). The responses to questions related to MAR game Ingress were collected from 36 adult players, aged 20–60, from Greece, and subsequently analyzed by means of content analysis, concept maps, and social network analysis. Our findings show that for question 1 (How do you feel when you endow the geographical space with personal preferences?), there was a differentiation of the answers between age groups with age groups agreeing in pairs, the first two and the last two, while for question 2 (Do you think that the game offers opportunities for learning and teaching geography, building on your previous geographical knowledge?), there was an overlap in responses of participants among age groups. It was also revealed that the MAR games foster a constructivism approach of learning, as their use learning becomes an active, socially supported process of knowledge construction.

Network Analysis for Economics and Management Studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 269-328
Author(s):  
Lucio Biggiero
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Competitive Equilibrium ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Main Research

Sociology and other social sciences have employed network analysis earlier than management and organization sciences, and much earlier than economics, which has been the last one to systematically adopt it. Nevertheless, the development of network economics during last 15 years has been massive, alongside three main research streams: strategic formation network modeling, (mostly descriptive) analysis of real economic networks, and optimization methods of economic networks. The main reason why this enthusiastic and rapidly diffused interest of economists came so late is that the most essential network properties, like externalities, endogenous change processes, and nonlinear propagation processes, definitely prevent the possibility to build a general – and indeed even partial – competitive equilibrium theory. For this paradigm has dominated economics in the last century, this incompatibility operated as a hard brake, and presented network analysis as an inappropriate epistemology. Further, being intrinsically (and often, until recent times, also radically) structuralist, social network analysis was also antithetic to radical methodological individualism, which was – and still is – economics dominant methodology. Though culturally and scientifically influenced by economists in some fields, like finance, banking and industry studies, scholars in management and organization sciences were free from “neoclassical economics chains”, and therefore more ready and open to adopt the methodology and epistemology of social network analysis. The main and early field through which its methods were channeled was the sociology of organizations, and in particular group structure and communication, because this is a research area largely overlapped between sociology and management studies. Currently, network analysis is becoming more and more diffused within management and organization sciences. Mostly descriptive until 15 years ago, all the fields of social network analysis have a great opportunity of enriching and developing its methods of investigation through statistical network modeling, which offers the possibility to develop, respectively, network formation and network dynamics models. They are a good compromise between the much more powerful agent-based simulation models and the usually descriptive (or poorly analytical) methods.

scholarly journals Chronology and development of the Chalcolithic necropolis of Varna I

10.4312/dp.17 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Raiko Krauß ◽  
Clemens Schmid ◽  
David Kirschenheuter ◽  
Jonas Abele ◽  
Vladimir Slavchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
14C Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
Age Model

In the following paper, we present the main results of our now completed studies of the Varna I cemetery, based on the excavations undertaken by Ivan Ivanov in the years 1972–1991. The richness of the assemblages is singular in Old World prehistory. To tackle the question of its inter­nal, chronological development, we applied correspondence analysis (CA) to a newly created database that includes the inventories of all presently known graves, symbolic burials and find de­posits. The rank order of the seriated inventories was used to establish a CA-based 14C-age model for wiggle matching. In combination with topographic observations and social network analysis (SNA), our studies provide a new understanding both of the chronological and spatial distribution of the graves and burial goods, as well as new insights into the social structure, gender roles, individual relation­ships and ritual practices of the Chalcolithic community.

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