Association of HSF1 Genetic Variation with Heat Tolerance in Chinese Cattle

The heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) gene is a regulator of the heat stress response, maximizing HSP protein expression survival. In this research, we explored the frequency distribution of a missense mutation (NC_037341.1 g.616087A > G, rs135258919) in the HSF1 gene in Chinese cattle with amino acid substitution, valine to alanine. This mutation could be related to the heat tolerance in Bos indicus. A total of 941 individuals representing 35 Chinese native cattle breeds, combining pure taurine (Angus) and indicine cattle, were used to determine the genotypes of the mutation through PCR and partial DNA sequencing. The results showed significant differences in allele frequencies and their genotypes amongst Chinese cattle from different regions. Allele G or indicine-specific allele frequency diminished from south to north China, while allele A (genotype AA) or the taurine-specific allele had a contrary pattern, which agreed with the distribution of taurine and indicine cattle. According to the association analysis, the NC_037341.1 g.616087A > G (rs135258919) of the bovine HSF1 gene, annual temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), and the temperature humidity index (THI) (p < 0.01) were interrelated closely, which indicated that the NC_037341.1 g.616087A > G of the HSF1 gene is associated with heat tolerance in indicine cattle.

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AKT1 mediates multiple phosphorylation events that functionally promote HSF1 activation

10.1101/2020.08.31.275909 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wen-Cheng Lu ◽

Ramsey Omari ◽

Haimanti Ray ◽

Richard L. Carpenter

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Functional Role ◽

Transcriptional Activity ◽

Heat Shock Factor 1 ◽

Heat Stress Response ◽

Subsequent Investigation ◽

Important Regulator ◽

Shock Proteins ◽

Hsf1 Gene

AbstractThe heat stress response activates the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), which subsequently upregulates heat shock proteins to maintain the integrity of the proteome. HSF1 activity requires nuclear localization, trimerization, DNA binding, phosphorylation, and gene transactivation. Phosphorylation at S326 is an important regulator of HSF1 transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation at S326 is mediated by AKT1, mTOR, p38, and MEK1. mTOR, p38, and MEK1 all phosphorylated S326 but AKT1 was the more potent activator. Mass spectrometry showed that AKT1 phosphorylated HSF1 at T142, S230, and T527 in addition to S326 whereas the other kinases did not. Subsequent investigation revealed that phosphorylation at T142 is necessary for HSF1 trimerization and that S230, S326, and T527 are required for HSF1 gene transactivation and recruitment of TFIIB and CDK9. This study suggests that HSF1 activity is regulated by phosphorylation at specific residues that promote different stages of HSF1 activation. Furthermore, this is the first study to identify the functional role of these phosphorylation events.

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MTOR Variation Related to Heat Resistance of Chinese Cattle

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9110915 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 915 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Qingqing Ning ◽

Kaixing Qu ◽

Quratulain Hanif ◽

Yutang Jia ◽

Haijian Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Tolerance ◽

Mean Annual Temperature ◽

Opposite Pattern ◽

Indigenous Cattle ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Chinese Cattle ◽

Damage Repair ◽

Temperature Heat ◽

Humidity Index ◽

Hot Environments

With the inexorable rise of global temperature, heat stress deserves more and more attention in livestock agriculture. Previous studies have shown that the mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) (NC_037343.1:c.2062G>C) gene contributes to the repair of DNA damage repair and is associated with the adaptation of camels in dry and hot environments. However, it is unknown whether this mutation is related to the heat tolerance of Chinese cattle. In this study, PCR and sequencing were used to type the mutation locus in 1030 individuals of 37 cattle breeds. The analysis results showed that the frequency of G allele of the locus gradually diminished from the northern group to the southern group of native Chinese cattle, whereas the frequency of the C allele showed an opposite pattern, displaying a significant geographical difference across native Chinese cattle breeds. Additionally, an analysis of the locus in Chinese indigenous cattle revealed that this SNP was significantly associated with mean annual temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and temperature humidity index (THI) (p < 0.01), suggesting that cattle with C allele was distributed in regions with higher T, RH and THI. In conclusion, this study proved that the mutation of MTOR gene in Chinese cattle could be associated with the heat tolerance.

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Potential Evapotranspiration Reduction and Its Influence on Crop Yield in the North China Plain in 1961–2014

Advances in Meteorology ◽

10.1155/2020/3691421 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wanlin Dong ◽

Chao Li ◽

Qi Hu ◽

Feifei Pan ◽

Jyoti Bhandari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Crop Yield ◽

North China Plain ◽

North China ◽

Potential Evapotranspiration ◽

The North ◽

The North China Plain ◽

Sunshine Hours ◽

Humidity Index

Climate change has caused uneven changes in hydrological processes (precipitation and evapotranspiration) on a space-temporal scale, which would influence climate types, eventually impact agricultural production. Based on data from 61 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2014 in the North China Plain (NCP), the spatiotemporal characteristics of climate variables, such as humidity index, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration (ET0), were analyzed. The sensitivity coefficients and contribution rates were applied to ET0. The NCP has experienced a semiarid to humid climate from north to south due to the significant decline of ET0 (−13.8 mm decade−1). In the study region, 71.0% of the sites showed a “pan evaporation paradox” phenomenon. Relative humidity had the most negative influence on ET0, while wind speed, sunshine hours, and air temperature had a positive effect on ET0. Wind speed and sunshine hours contributed the most to the spatiotemporal variation of ET0, followed by relative humidity and air temperature. Overall, the key climate factor impacting ET0 was wind speed decline in the NCP, particularly in Beijing and Tianjin. The crop yield in Shandong and Henan provinces was higher than that in the other regions with a higher humidity index. The lower the humidity index in Hebei province, the lower the crop yield. Therefore, potential water shortages and water conflict should be considered in the future because of spatiotemporal humidity variations in the NCP.

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Kazakhstani native cattle reveal highly divergent mtDNA from Bos taurus and Bos indicus lineages with an absence of Bos indicus Y chromosome

Animal Science Journal ◽

10.1111/asj.13128 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 29-34

Author(s):

Hayate Yamanaka ◽

Kako Murata ◽

Risa Tabata ◽

Fuki Kawaguchi ◽

Shinji Sasazaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Y Chromosome ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Native Cattle

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Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Exon 4 and Promoter Regions of β- Lactoglobulin Gene in Native Cattle (Bos indicus) Breeds of India

Advances in Dairy Research ◽

10.4172/2329-888x.1000125 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 02 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Kishore A

Keyword(s):

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽

Promoter Regions ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Native Cattle ◽

Exon 4 ◽

Β Lactoglobulin

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Lipidome analysis of Symbiodiniaceae reveals possible mechanisms of heat stress tolerance in reef coral symbionts

Coral Reefs ◽

10.1007/s00338-019-01865-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 1241-1253 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. Rosset ◽

G. Koster ◽

J. Brandsma ◽

A. N. Hunt ◽

A. D. Postle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Lipid Composition ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Reef Coral ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Heat Stress Response ◽

Photosynthetic Organisms

Abstract Climate change-induced global warming threatens the survival of key ecosystems including shallow water coral reefs. Elevated temperatures can disrupt the normal physiological functioning of photosynthetic organisms by altering the fluidity and permeability of chloroplast membranes that is defined and regulated by their lipid composition. Since the habitat-forming reef corals rely on the obligatory symbiosis with dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae, their heat stress response can be expected to be strongly influenced by the symbiont's lipid metabolism. However, in contrast to the steady increase in the knowledge of the functioning of coral symbionts at the genomic and transcriptomic level, the understanding of their membrane lipid composition and regulation in response to temperature stress is lagging behind. We have utilised mass spectrometry-based lipidomic analyses to identify the key polar lipids that form the biological membranes of reef coral symbionts, comparing the thermotolerant species Durusdinium trenchii with the thermosensitive taxon Cladocopium C3, both hosted by Acropora valida. Our results indicate that the superior thermotolerance D. trenchii inside the host corals could be achieved through (1) the amount and saturation of sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols, in particular through putative photosystem II interactions, (2) the increased digalactosyldiacylglycerol to monogalactosyldiacylglycerol ratio with the potential to stabilise thylakoid membranes and integrated proteins, and (3) the chaperone-like function of lyso-lipids. Thereby, our study provides novel insights into the heat tolerance of coral symbionts, contributing to the understanding of the potential of coral reef ecosystems to respond and adjust to heat stress events that are becoming more frequent due to climate change. Finally, our identification of multiple mechanisms of heat tolerance in Symbiodiniaceae furthers the knowledge of the general stress physiology of photosynthetic organisms.

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A practical future-scenarios selection tool to breed for heat tolerance in Australian dairy cattle

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an16449 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (7) ◽

pp. 1488 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Thuy T. T. Nguyen ◽

Ben J. Hayes ◽

Jennie E. Pryce

Keyword(s):

Heat Tolerance ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Heat Load ◽

Selection Index ◽

Dairy Herd ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Future Scenarios ◽

Selection Tool ◽

Temperature Humidity Index ◽

Humidity Index

Climate change will have an impact on dairy cow performance. When heat stressed, animals consume less feed, followed by a decline in milk yield. Previously, we have found that there is genetic variation in this decline. Selection for increased milk production, a major breeding objective, is expected to reduce heat tolerance (HT), as these traits are genetically unfavourably correlated. We aimed to develop a future-scenarios selection tool to assist farmers in making selection decisions, that combines the current national dairy selection index, known as the balanced performance index (BPI), with a proposed HT genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV). Heat-tolerance GEBV was estimated for 12 062 genotyped cows and 10 981 bulls, using an established genomic-prediction equation. Publicly available future daily average temperature and humidity data were used to estimate mean daily temperature–humidity index for each dairy herd. An economic estimate of an individual cow’s heat-tolerance breeding value (BV_HT) was calculated by multiplying head-tolerance GEBVs for milk, fat and protein by their respective economic values that are already used in the BPI. This was scaled for each region by multiplying BV_HT by the heat load, which is the temperature–humidity index units exceeding the threshold per year at a particular location. BV_HT were incorporated into the BPI as: BPI_HT = BPI + BV_HT; where BPI_HT is the ‘augmented BPI’ breeding value including HT. A web-based application was developed enabling farmers to predict the future heat load of a herd and take steps to aim at genetic improvement in future generations by selecting bulls and cows that rank high for the ‘augmented BPI’.

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