scholarly journals Assessing Water Infiltration and Soil Water Repellency in Brazilian Atlantic Forest Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Esteban Lozano-Baez ◽  
Miguel Cooper ◽  
Silvio Frosini de Barros Ferraz ◽  
Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues ◽  
Laurent Lassabatere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Hydraulic ◽  
Remnant Forest

This study presents the results of the soil hydraulic characterization performed under three land covers, namely pasture, 9-year-old restored forest, and remnant forest, in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Two types of infiltration tests were performed, namely tension (Mini-Disk Infiltrometer, MDI) and ponding (Beerkan) tests. MDI and Beerkan tests provided complementary information, highlighting a clear increase of the hydraulic conductivity, especially at the remnant forest plots, when moving from near-saturated to saturated conditions. In addition, measuring the unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity with different water pressure heads allowed the estimation of the macroscopic capillary length in the field. This approach, in conjunction with Beerkan measurements, allowed the design better estimates of the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity under challenging field conditions, such as soil water repellency (SWR). This research also reports, for the first time, evidence of SWR in the Atlantic Forest, which affected the early stage of the infiltration process with more frequency in the remnant forest.

Assessing Water Infiltration and Soil Water Repellency in Brazilian Atlantic Forest Soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Esteban Lozano-Baez ◽  
Miguel Cooper ◽  
Silvio Frosini de Barros Ferraz ◽  
Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues ◽  
Mirko Castellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Hydraulic ◽  
Remnant Forest

<p>This study presents the results of the soil hydraulic characterization performed under three land covers, namely pasture, 9-year-old restored forest, and remnant forest, in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Two types of infiltration tests were performed, namely tension (Mini-Disk Infiltrometer, MDI) and ponding (Beerkan) tests. MDI and Beerkan tests provided a complementary information, highlighting a clear increase of the hydraulic conductivity, especially at the remnant forest plots, when moving from near-saturated to saturated conditions. In addition, measuring the unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity with different water pressure heads also allowed to estimate the macroscopic capillary length in the field. This approach, in conjunction with Beerkan measurements, allowed to generate better estimates of the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity under challenging field conditions, such as soil water repellency (SWR). This research also reports for the first time evidence of SWR in the Atlantic Forest, which affected the early stage of the infiltration process with more frequency in the remnant forest.</p>

scholarly journals Inverse estimation of soil hydraulic properties and water repellency following artificially induced drought stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilim Filipović ◽  
Thomas Weninger ◽  
Lana Filipović ◽  
Andreas Schwen ◽  
Keith L. Bristow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Inverse Modeling ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Irrigation Event ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

AbstractGlobal climate change is projected to continue and result in prolonged and more intense droughts, which can increase soil water repellency (SWR). To be able to estimate the consequences of SWR on vadose zone hydrology, it is important to determine soil hydraulic properties (SHP). Sequential modeling using HYDRUS (2D/3D) was performed on an experimental field site with artificially imposed drought scenarios (moderately M and severely S stressed) and a control plot. First, inverse modeling was performed for SHP estimation based on water and ethanol infiltration experimental data, followed by model validation on one selected irrigation event. Finally, hillslope modeling was performed to assess water balance for 2014. Results suggest that prolonged dry periods can increase soil water repellency. Inverse modeling was successfully performed for infiltrating liquids, water and ethanol, withR2and model efficiency (E) values both > 0.9. SHP derived from the ethanol measurements showed large differences in van Genuchten-Mualem (VGM) parameters for the M and S plots compared to water infiltration experiments. SWR resulted in large saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) decrease on the M and S scenarios. After validation of SHP on water content measurements during a selected irrigation event, one year simulations (2014) showed that water repellency increases surface runoff in non-structured soils at hillslopes.

scholarly journals Impacts of thinning of a Mediterranean oak forest on soil properties influencing water infiltration

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Di Prima ◽  
Vincenzo Bagarello ◽  
Rafael Angulo-Jaramillo ◽  
Inmaculada Bautista ◽  
Artemi Cerdà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Soil Hydraulic ◽  
And Control

AbstractIn Mediterranean ecosystems, special attention needs to be paid to forest–water relationships due to water scarcity. In this context, Adaptive Forest Management (AFM) has the objective to establish how forest resources have to be managed with regards to the efficient use of water, which needs maintaining healthy soil properties even after disturbance. The main objective of this investigation was to understand the effect of one of the AFM methods, namely forest thinning, on soil hydraulic properties. At this aim, soil hydraulic characterization was performed on two contiguous Mediterranean oak forest plots, one of them thinned to reduce the forest density from 861 to 414 tree per ha. Three years after the intervention, thinning had not affected soil water permeability of the studied plots. Both ponding and tension infiltration runs yielded not significantly different saturated,Ks, and unsaturated,K−20, hydraulic conductivity values at the thinned and control plots. Therefore, thinning had no an adverse effect on vertical water fluxes at the soil surface. MeanKsvalues estimated with the ponded ring infiltrometer were two orders of magnitude higher thanK−20values estimated with the minidisk infiltrometer, revealing probably soil structure with macropores and fractures. The input of hydrophobic organic matter, as a consequence of the addition of plant residues after the thinning treatment, resulted in slight differences in terms of both water drop penetration time, WDPT, and the index of water repellency,R, between thinned and control plots. Soil water repellency only affected unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity measurements. Moreover,K−20values showed a negative correlation with both WDPT andR, whereasKsvalues did not, revealing that the soil hydrophobic behavior has no impact on saturated hydraulic conductivity.

scholarly journals Factors Determining Soil Water Repellency in Two Coniferous Plantations on a Hillslope

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moein Farahnak ◽  
Keiji Mitsuyasu ◽  
Kyoichi Otsuki ◽  
Kuniyoshi Shimizu ◽  
Atsushi Kume
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
Tree Cutting ◽  
Coniferous Plantations

Soil water repellency (SWR) is a cause of low water infiltration, overland flow and soil erosion in mountainous coniferous plantations in Japan. The factors determining SWR intensity were investigated in two coniferous plantations of Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold et Zucc.) Endl. and Cryptomeria japonica (L.f.) D. Don, using intact tree plots and cut tree plots on the same hillslope. The SWR of Ch. obtusa plots was stronger than that of Cr. japonica plots. SWR intensity decreased after tree cutting. There were no significant differences in SWR upslope and downslope of individual trees/stumps for both tree species, though areas downslope of individual Ch. obtusa trees had higher SWR intensity than those upslope. SWR intensity and soil aggregate stability were positively correlated in the Ch. obtusa intact tree plot (r = 0.88, p < 0.01), whereas in the cut tree plot, this correlation was weak with no significance (r = 0.29, p = 0.41). Soil aggregate size had a non-significant influence on SWR intensity. These findings suggest that SWR intensity was not related to the soil aggregate size, but SWR intensity seemed have a role in soil aggregation in the Ch. obtusa intact tree plot. Destruction of soil aggregates could occur after tree cutting because of physical disturbances or increased input of different types of organic matter from other vegetation into soil. The presence of Ch. obtusa introduces a source of SWR, although uncertainty remains about how water repellency is distributed around soil aggregates. The distribution pattern of soil water content and soil hydraulic conductivity around Cr. japonica was related to other factors such as the litter layer and non-water-repellant soil.

Influence of forest stand age on soil water repellency and hydraulic conductivity in the Mediterranean environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 753 ◽  
pp. 142006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetrio Antonio Zema ◽  
Pedro Antonio Plaza-Alvarez ◽  
Xiangzhou Xu ◽  
Bruno Gianmarco Carra ◽  
Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Mediterranean Environment ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Linking Termite Feeding Preferences and Soil Physical Functioning in Southern-Indian Woodlands

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sougueh Cheik ◽  
Rashmi Ramesh Shanbhag ◽  
Ajay Harit ◽  
Nicolas Bottinelli ◽  
Raman Sukumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Odontotermes Obesus ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

Termites are undoubtedly amongst the most important soil macroinvertebrate decomposers in semi-arid environments in India. However, in this specific type of environment, the influence of termite foraging activity on soil functioning remains unexplored. Therefore, this study examines the link between the quality of litter and the functional impact of termite feeding preferences on soil properties and soil hydraulic conductivity in a deciduous forest in southern India. Different organic resources (elephant dung: “ED”, elephant grass: “EG”, acacia leaves: “AL” and layers of cardboard: “CB”) were applied on repacked soil cores. ED appeared to be the most attractive resource to Odontotermes obesus, leading to a larger amount of soil sheeting (i.e., the soil used by termites for covering the litter they consume), more numerous and larger holes in the ground and a lower soil bulk density. As a consequence, ED increased the soil hydraulic conductivity (4-fold) compared with the control soil. Thus, this study highlights that the more O. obesus prefers a substrate, the more this species impacts soil dynamics and water infiltration in the soil. This study also shows that ED can be used as an efficient substrate for accelerating the infiltration of water in southern-Indian soils, mainly through the production of galleries that are open on the soil surface, offering new perspectives on termite management in this environment.

scholarly journals Determination of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Soil Hydraulic Conductivity for Urban Runoff Modelling

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Radinja ◽  
Ines Vidmar ◽  
Nataša Atanasova ◽  
Matjaž Mikoš ◽  
Mojca Šraj
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

Soil hydraulic conductivity has a direct influence on infiltration rate, which is of great importance for modelling and design of surface runoff and stormwater control measures. In this study, three measuring techniques for determination of soil hydraulic conductivity were compared in an urban catchment in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Double ring (DRI) and dual head infiltrometer (DHI) were applied to measure saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and mini disk infiltrometer (MDI) was applied to measure unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K), which was recalculated in Ks in order to compare the results. Results showed significant differences between investigated techniques, namely DHI showed 6.8 times higher values of Ks in comparison to DRI. On the other hand, Ks values obtained by MDI and DRI exhibited the lowest difference. MDI measurements in 12 locations of the small plot pointed to the spatial variability of K ranging between 73%–89% as well as to temporal variability within a single location of 27%–99%. Additionally, a reduction of K caused by the effect of drought-induced water repellency was observed. Moreover, results indicate that hydrological models could be enhanced using different scenarios by employing a range of K values based on soil conditions.

Water Shedding Properties of Oil Impregnated Hydrophobic Soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McCerery ◽  
John Woodward ◽  
Glen McHale ◽  
Kate Winter
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Naturally Occurring

&lt;p&gt;Hydrophobic soils and sediments have gained significant interest in soil science due to negatively influencing biomass production and as drivers of landslides and enhanced erosion. Whilst natural and fire-induced soil water repellency have been studied, little work has considered how the sediment-water interaction with naturally occurring hydrophobic sediments might change in the presence of oil. Recent advances in materials physics have shown bio-inspired slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) and lubricant impregnated surfaces (LIS) can produce super slippery surfaces with excellent water shedding properties. Here we apply this new understanding to the physics of soil water repellency and address how the presence of oil, whether from contamination or otherwise, might influence water infiltration. We hypothesise that oil impregnating a hydrophobic soil may create stable oil coatings and/or layers that create soil surfaces resistant to water infiltration and with enhanced run-off of water. Using monolayers of sand, silt and clay particles treated with a commercial hydrophobising agent and silicone oil, we created model (oil-free) hydrophobic and oil impregnated hydrophobic soils. Static water contact angles and droplet sliding angles were used to classify their degree of hydrophobicity and ability to shed water. Our results show that in the absence of oil, model hydrophobic soil surfaces with particle sizes below 63&amp;#956;m are superhydrophobic with water droplet contact angles above 150 degrees. In the presence of oil, we observed a sediment-based SLIP/LI surface on particle sizes below 63&amp;#956;m with water contact angles of 90 degrees and droplet sliding angles of below 5 degrees. We also achieved reduced sliding angles compared to the oil-free surfaces, and a conformal layer of oil on all particle sizes. These results support our hypothesis that SLIPS/LIS may occur in natural soil systems. These results have implications for soil water repellency, oil clean up from soil and for processes occurring in other sedimentary environments caused by both naturally occurring and anthropogenic contamination of oils.&lt;/p&gt;

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