scholarly journals A Linear Brushless Direct Current Motor Design Approach for Seismic Shake Tables

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7618
Author(s):  
Ozgur Ustun ◽  
Omer Cihan Kivanc ◽  
Mert Safa Mokukcu
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Linear Motors ◽  
Shake Tables

The progress in material and manufacturing technologies enables the emergence of new research areas in electromagnetic actuator applications. Permanent magnet (PM) linear motors are preferred to achieve precise position control and to meet the need for high dynamic forces in the seismic shake tables that are used in analyzing reactions of structure models. The design approaches on the linear motors used in the seismic shake tables may vary depending on the desired force, stroke and acceleration values. Especially, the maximum width, the maximum depth, the maximum linear motor length in longitudinal direction and the maximum travelling distance parameters are the primary design criteria in seismic shake table drive systems. In this paper, a design approach for a linear PM brushless direct current (BLDC) motor with high force/volume, force/weight and force/input power ratios is developed. The design was analyzed using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM) approaches through the ANSYS Maxwell software. The mathematically designed linear BLDC motor was manufactured and subjected to displacement, acceleration and force tests that are used in seismic analyses. The results of the experimental tests validate the convenience of the proposed design approach and the selected parameters.

Precise position control of shape memory alloy–actuated continuum modules through fuzzy algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Hadi ◽  
Hossein Akbari ◽  
Khalil Alipour ◽  
Bahram Tarvirdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
Position Errors ◽  
The Continuum

Development of a fuzzy precise controller for the continuum modules utilizing shape memory alloy actuators is the main focus of this study. To this end, two continuum and flexible shape memory alloy–actuated modules, containing shape memory alloy wires or shape memory alloy springs, are considered as the testbed of the control problem to be tackled. The fuzzy controllers in this application are developed using two strategies in this research. In the first technique, the position errors of the two motion variables of the system are considered in the controller design process. The resulted controller is referred as “error-based fuzzy controller.” In the second technique, which is called as “improved fuzzy controller,” the parameters of the desired configuration of the system, in addition to their errors, are considered in controller design process. This procedure makes it possible to overcome the error-based fuzzy controller drawbacks. In order to validate the simulation results, experimental tests are conducted. Both simulation and experimental results reveal the performance of the developed novel two-stage improved fuzzy controller against error-based fuzzy controller and traditional proportional–integral–derivative controller.

scholarly journals Fractional-Order PII1/2DD1/2 Control: Theoretical Aspects and Application to a Mechatronic Axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3631
Author(s):  
Luca Bruzzone ◽  
Mario Baggetta ◽  
Pietro Fanghella
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Tuning Method ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Remarkable Reduction ◽  
Distributed Order

Fractional Calculus is usually applied to control systems by means of the well-known PIlDm scheme, which adopts integral and derivative components of non-integer orders λ and µ. An alternative approach is to add equally distributed fractional-order terms to the PID scheme instead of replacing the integer-order terms (Distributed Order PID, DOPID). This work analyzes the properties of the DOPID scheme with five terms, that is the PII1/2DD1/2 (the half-integral and the half-derivative components are added to the classical PID). The frequency domain responses of the PID, PIlDm and PII1/2DD1/2 controllers are compared, then stability features of the PII1/2DD1/2 controller are discussed. A Bode plot-based tuning method for the PII1/2DD1/2 controller is proposed and then applied to the position control of a mechatronic axis. The closed-loop behaviours of PID and PII1/2DD1/2 are compared by simulation and by experimental tests. The results show that the PII1/2DD1/2 scheme with the proposed tuning criterium allows remarkable reduction in the position error with respect to the PID, with a similar control effort and maximum torque. For the considered mechatronic axis and trapezoidal speed law, the reduction in maximum tracking error is −71% and the reduction in mean tracking error is −77%, in correspondence to a limited increase in maximum torque (+5%) and in control effort (+4%).

scholarly journals Optimized PID Position Control of a Nonlinear System Based on Correlating the Velocity with Position Error

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Muškinja ◽  
Matej Rižnar
Keyword(s):  
Pid Controller ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Beam System ◽  
Ball Velocity ◽  
Ball And Beam System

We examined a design approach for a PID controller for a nonlinear ball and beam system. Main objective of our research was to establish a nonmodel based control system, which would also not be dependent on a specific ball and beam hardware setup. The proposed PID controller setup is based on a cascaded configuration of an inner PID ball velocity control loop and an outer proportional ball position control loop. The effectiveness of the proposed controller setup was first presented in simulation environment in comparison to a hardware dependent PD cascaded controller, along with a more comprehensive study on possible design approach for optimal PID controller parameters in relation to main functionality of the controller setup. Experimental real time control results were then obtained on a laboratory setup of the ball and beam system on which PD cascaded controller could not be applied without parallel system model processing.

An Equivalent-Plane Cross-Coupling Position Control for Contour-Accuracy Improvement in Three-Axis Free-Form Contour Following Tasks

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Wei Ma ◽  
De-Ning Song ◽  
Zhen-Yuan Jia ◽  
Wen-Wen Jiang ◽  
Fu-Ji Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Control ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Contouring Error ◽  
Contour Following ◽  
Better Than

To reduce the contouring errors in computer-numerical-control (CNC) contour-following tasks, the cross-coupling controller (CCC) is widely researched and used. However, most existing CCCs are well-designed for two-axis contouring and can hardly be generalized to compensate three-axis curved contour following errors. This paper proposes an equivalent-plane CCC scheme so that most of the two-axis CCCs or flexibly designed algorithms can be utilized for equal control of the three-axis contouring errors. An initial-value regeneration-based Newton method is first proposed to compute the foot point from the actual motion position to the desired contour with a high accuracy, so as to establish the equivalent plane where the estimated three-dimensional contouring-error vector is included. After that, the signed contouring error is computed in the equivalent plane, thus a typical two-axis proportional-integral-differential (PID)-based CCC is utilized for its control. Finally, the two-axis control commands generated by the typical CCC are coupled to three-axis control commands according to the geometry of the established equivalent plane. Experimental tests are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the presented method. The testing results illustrate that the proposed equivalent-plane CCC performs much better than conventional method in both error estimation and error control.

Precise Position Control of Piezo Actuator

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-1-32-12
Author(s):  
Jian-Xin Xu ◽  
Sanjib Kumar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
Piezo Actuator ◽  
Precise Position

scholarly journals Design of a magnetic encoder using Hall effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-261
Author(s):  
William Alejandro López-Contreras ◽  
José Danilo Rairán-Antolines
Keyword(s):  
Hall Effect ◽  
Relative Motion ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Linearization Method ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Voltage Variation ◽  
Hall Sensors

We present the design of a magnetic encoder to measure angular position. The proposed encoder includes two Hall sensors in quadrature in a fixed platform. In addition, and over the sensors, there are two permanent magnets in a shaft. The relative motion between the fixed and the movable components generate a voltage variation in the sensors, which serve to generate the approximation of the angular position. We detail the acquisition process and the linearization method, because we consider that these are the most important contributions of this work. Lastly, we show the application of the encoder in the position control of a direct current motor to show the performance of the encoder estimating fast and slow angular position changes.

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