scholarly journals Method for Systematic Assessment of Requirement Change Risk in Industrial Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8697
Author(s):  
Iris Graessler ◽  
Christian Oleff ◽  
Philipp Scholle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Requirement Change ◽  
Requirement Changes

Requirement changes and cascading effects of change propagation are major sources of inefficiencies in product development and increase the risk of project failure. Risk management regarding these requirement changes yields the potential to handle such changes efficiently. Currently unlocked, a systematic approach is required for risk management to assess the risk of a requirement change with appropriate effort in industrial application. Within the paper at hand, a novel method for systematic assessment of requirement change risk is presented. It is developed in a multiple case study approach with three product development projects from different industrial branches. The change risk is assessed by combining change likelihood and change impact. Propagation effects are considered by analyzing requirement interrelations. To limit application effort, a tailorable approach towards assessment of change causes based on generalized influence factors and a pre-defined rule set for semi-automatized assessment of requirements interrelations is used. A software prototype is developed and implemented to enable evaluation and transfer to industrial application. The approach is evaluated using a combination of case study projects, stakeholder workshops, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Applying the method, the risks of requirement changes are assessed systematically, and subsequent risk management is enabled. The contribution at hand opens up the research space of risk management in handling requirement changes which is currently almost unexploited. At the same time, it enables more efficient product development.

scholarly journals Non-Performing Finance in Sharia Financial Institutions in Indonesia: A Case Study Of BPRS Adeco (Aceh Development Corporate)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayah ◽  
Tabrani Tabrani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Financing Risk ◽  
City District ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
High Level ◽  
Finance Risk

High level of Non-Performing Finance (NPF) has become one of risks facing intermediary financial institutions including Islamic banks. Indonesia’s Financial Authority found that NPF ratio of Islamic banks is relatively higher (4,12%) that the one of conventional banks (2,96%) (OJK 2017). Literature indicate the influence of bank’s internal and external factors on high NPF. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the high level of NPF and its settlement and strategies to reduce the level of NPF in Sharia Rural Banking (BPRS/Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Syariah). Taking BPRS Adeco (Aceh Development Corporate) in Langsa City District, Aceh, as a case study, this research takes a qualitative approach. Through a survey to 26 BPRS Adeco employees and semi-structured interviews with 4 employees, this study found three factors leading to an increase in the NPF ratio, namely weak bank’s financing risk management, changing economic conditions and regulations, and the conditions of customers who are vulnerable to socio-economic change. It found that the NPF can be gradually resolved by intensifying the communication to the delinquent customers followed by policies of restructuring the customers’ financing. It also found that the strategies to reduce NPF ratios include improving bank risk financing management, upgrading the quality of human resources in risk management, and providing business mentoring and coaching to the customers. It can be concluded that the strategies made by the BPRS ADECO succeeded in reducing the NPF rate from 15.62% in the June 2012 period to 3.60% in the December 2018 period. The finding implies that Islamic financial institutions, including BPRS, urgently need good finance risk management, particularly in monitoring the financed customers’ business and in mitigating external conditions of the economy and their changing related regulations in order to settle the problem of non-performing finance and to strengthen their finance risk management.

Requirements Culture: A Case Study on Product Development and Requirement Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vittoria Elena ◽  
Chase Wentzky ◽  
Joshua D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Vice Presidents ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Tool Company ◽  
The Individual

Abstract A desire to better understand requirements and their uses within product development inspired this case study conducted at a large power tool company. Researchers were interested in determining if a requirements culture existed within the company investigated, how this culture varied across departments, and how individuals at the company viewed requirements in engineering design. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted by five teams of interviewers over the course of two months to answer these questions. Employees in various positions across the company were interviewed in the study including Project Engineers, a CAD Designer, an Industrial Designer, Project Managers, and Vice Presidents. Through a detailed analysis of the interview transcripts and documentation, it was determined that the company did have a definite requirement culture and that the transfer of requirements across departments must remain consistent for the individual groups to be effective. Furthermore, it was found that employee engagement with requirements was more significant with those who were involved in the early stages of product development.

scholarly journals Stimuli of Collaboration in Product Development: A Case Study in a Project Manufacturing Company

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Aki Jääskeläinen ◽  
Jussi Heikkilä ◽  
Anna Hiidensalo ◽  
Otto Thitz
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Joint Product ◽  
Manufacturing Company ◽  
Focal Company ◽  
Development Initiatives ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThere is already a wide acceptance on the importance of involving supplier and customer companies in product development. Decent understanding prevails on the relationship-oriented approach to product development including various collaboration forms. However, there is less research on the factors explaining the decision of attending to joint product development. In addition, less studies have examined the integrated role of both suppliers and customers in product development initiatives. This study searches answers to the following research questions: 1. What is the role of different actors in product development initiatives? 2. What factors motivate suppliers and customers to participate in product development? The research is carried out as an in-depth qualitative single case study in a large project manufacturing company. It takes the perspective of a focal company striving for product improvements. The first part of the empirical study consists of 15 semi-structured interviews. The second part includes two discursive workshops and builds upon the results of the interviews. This study contributes to the existing research by explaining the challenges and conditions facilitating joint product development with supplier and purchaser companies. The results highlight the role of customers in improving the effectiveness of product development. As a practical contribution, the paper reports the application of workshop method as a facilitator of collaboration between supplier, purchaser (focal company) and customer companies.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATION DESIGN IN MOTION: DESIGNING AN ORGANIZATION FOR AGILITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2349-2358
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Shafiee Kristensen ◽  
Mitra Shafiee ◽  
Sara Shafiee
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Organization Design ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Organizational Agility ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Contingency Perspective ◽  
Large Size

AbstractIncreasingly competitive and multifaceted business landscapes and the accelerating pace of innovation require organizations to build in-house capability to evaluate the effectiveness of their design and redesign their organizational structure to drive agile product development. The purpose of this research is to examine how the ability of an organization to implement agile is affected by the organization design. A case study based on 35 semi-structured interviews and field observations at a leading, large-size, Danish software development company was carried out. Adopting the contingency perspective, this paper presents the relevant organizational elements that can increase organizational agility and how the companies can leverage the advantages of the design. Accordingly, it provides a framework that compromises eighteen core organizational practices grouped into four categories (organizational structure and governance, culture and people, IT tools and data infrastructure, and processes) to understand the effect of organization design on agile product development.

Sustaining Organizational Culture in the Globally Distributed Environment

2011 ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy L. Milhauser
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Distributed Teams ◽  
Distributed Environment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Geographic Boundaries ◽  
Globally Distributed

Organizations of all sizes are finding it necessary to expand their operations across geographic boundaries in a phenomenon that has been referred to as the globally distributed team. While this trend is typically a response to business opportunity, it is not without challenges. One of those challenges is how to maintain organizational culture as teams become globally distributed. The goal of the research detailed in this chapter was to examine a single organization that has been utilizing distributed teams to facilitate product development. A single case study method was used. Data was gathered through a series of semi-structured interviews with employees who participated in a distributed product development team. The chapter includes a review of the organization’s approach to orienting employees to the organizational culture, maintaining focus on the culture over a period of years, and extending the culture to support globalization while maintaining the integration of distributed teams into the overall organization.

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) in the context of risk management in new product development

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 899-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Segismundo ◽  
Paulo Augusto Cauchick Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Product Development ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
New Product ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Content Type

PurposeEffectively managing risk is an essential element of successful project management. In this sense, the present study seeks to propose a systematisation of technical risk management through the use of FMEA to optimise the decision making process in new product development (NPD).Design/methodology/approachThe methodological approach adopted in this paper is a case study at an automaker in Brazil. Data were gathered from various sources, mostly participant observation and document analysis of two important NPD programmes. The risk management system was described and its influence on programs development analysed.FindingsResults included a reduction in the number of project and test planning loopings as well as a reduced number of prototypes needed to approve product components. In addition, there was a positive influence on the product development decision‐making process, evidenced by better allocation of resources among projects at the programme.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to a single case study which considers two major NPD programmes. Replications among other units of analysis are needed to further validate current findings.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the few published studies that report and discuss the FMEA within a broad context of risk analysis.

scholarly journals The role of paediatric nurses in medication safety prior to the implementation of electronic prescribing: a qualitative case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Farre ◽  
Gemma Heath ◽  
Karen Shaw ◽  
Teresa Jordan ◽  
Carole Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Medication Safety ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Electronic Prescribing ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Medication Process

Objectives To explore paediatric nurses’ experiences and perspectives of their role in the medication process and how this role is enacted in everyday practice. Methods A qualitative case study on a general surgical ward of a paediatric hospital in England, one year prior to the planned implementation of ePrescribing. Three focus groups and six individual semi-structured interviews were conducted, involving 24 nurses. Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, anonymized and subjected to thematic analysis. Results Two overarching analytical themes were identified: the centrality of risk management in nurses’ role in the medication process and the distributed nature of nurses’ medication risk management practices. Nurses’ contribution to medication safety was seen as an intrinsic feature of a role that extended beyond just preparing and administering medications as prescribed and placed nurses at the heart of a dynamic set of interactions, practices and situations through which medication risks were managed. These findings also illustrate the collective nature of patient safety. Conclusions Both the recognized and the unrecognized contributions of nurses to the management of medications needs to be considered in the design and implementation of ePrescribing systems.

Requirement Change Propagation Prediction Approach: Results From an Industry Case Study

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beshoy Morkos ◽  
Joshua D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Data Management System ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
Engineering Change ◽  
Change Notification ◽  
Requirement Change ◽  
Propagation Prediction ◽  
Requirement Changes ◽  
Prediction Approach

This paper presents an industry case study investigating change propagation due to requirement changes. This paper makes use of a change propagation prediction tool, ΔDSM, to identify if the propagated changes could have been identified and predicted. The study used an automation firm’s client project as the study subject. The project entailed 160 requirements, changing over the span of 15 month. Engineering change notifications were developed for each change and documented under the firm’s data management system. This study makes use of the change notifications to identify if any of the change were as a result of a previous change. The findings of this paper indicated the changes that occurred could have been predicted as the ΔDSM was able to predict affected requirements. This was identified by finding subsequent requirements in the engineering change notification documentation that the ΔDSM indicated might change.

scholarly journals Priorisierung von Anforderungen für die Entwicklung mechatronischer Systeme

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Gräßler
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mechatronic Systems ◽  
Structure Matrix ◽  
Influence Area

In the development of mechatronic systems, risks are caused by changing requirements. In this paper, an approach towards the assessment of such kind of risks is presented. Starting with the requirements list, interactions between requirements are structured in the Requirements Structure Matrix (RSM) semi-automatically. In parallel, requirements are categorized according to their source (“influence area”) and prioritized. This priorization is based on the risk of change. It is characterised by the criteria “dynamics”, “uncertainty of knowledge base” and “relevance for product development”. The approach is validated by two approaches: structured interviews with project managers and developers as well as a case study focusing on a pedelec. By application of the approach, cross-disciplinary relations of requirements can be considered in order to reduce iterations in the development of mechatronic systems such as the pedelec.

scholarly journals A Risk Management Framework for New Product Development: A Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chompoonoot Kasemset ◽  
Jaruwan Wannagoat ◽  
Wassanai Wattanutchariya ◽  
Korrakot Y. Tippayawong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Product Development ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
New Product ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Risk Management Framework
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document