scholarly journals Production Data Analysis of Hydraulically Fractured Horizontal Wells from Different Shale Formations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2165
Author(s):  
Sulaiman A. Alarifi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
History Matching ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Maximum Flow Rate ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Shale Formations ◽  
Production History ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Fractured Horizontal Wells

A comprehensive overview and analysis of the productivity of 1216 recently abandoned multi-stage hydraulically fractured horizontal wells from five shale formations in the United States (US) is presented in this study. In this study, two decline curve analysis (DCA) methods were used to match actual production history data using least-squares fitting to find the best fit production parameters to reliably forecast production. The production history matching conducted resulted in very accurate matches (correlation coefficient of 0.99) between actual production data and the two DCA methods (Arps hyperbolic decline and stretched exponential production decline (SEPD) models). Using the outcomes from production history matching, universal averages of decline parameters for Arps hyperbolic decline and SEPD models were developed for each of the five formations. Furthermore, hindcasting was performed by matching a portion of the known production history and comparing the remaining portion of the known production history to the forecast. The Arps hyperbolic decline and SEPD methods were used to match production using only limited early production data (three months, six months, one year and two years). The main goals for fitting the DCA model to early production data was to estimate the optimum decline parameters that are then used to forecast production and estimate ultimate recovery. Production history matching using limited early production periods produced accurate production forecasts using as few as six months of production history (correlation coefficients between 0.85 and 0.94 using Arps hyperbolic decline). The main outcome of this study was a production analysis conducted on the production data of more than 1000 wells from five different shale formations to present the expected production behaviors of similar wells. Different production key performance indicators (KPIs) such as average well life, cumulative production volumes at different periods, average drop in production rate within the first year of production, average time to reach maximum flow rate, and the maximum flow rate were measured on all the wells from the five formations to provide an overview of the production performance of each formation.

A New Approach To Estimating Ultimate Recovery for Multistage Hydraulically Fractured Horizontal Wells by Utilizing Completion Parameters Using Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sulaiman A. Alarifi ◽  
Jennifer Miskimins
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
New Approach ◽  
History Data ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Production History ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Fractured Horizontal Wells

Summary Reserves estimation is an essential part of developing any reservoir. Predicting the long-term production performance and estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) in unconventional wells has always been a challenge. Developing a reliable and accurate production forecast in the oil and gas industry is mandatory because it plays a crucial part in decision-making. Several methods are used to estimate EUR in the oil and gas industry, and each has its advantages and limitations. Decline curve analysis (DCA) is a traditional reserves estimation technique that is widely used to estimate EUR in conventional reservoirs. However, when it comes to unconventional reservoirs, traditional methods are frequently unreliable for predicting production trends for low-permeability plays. In recent years, many approaches have been developed to accommodate the high complexity of unconventional plays and establish reliable estimates of reserves. This paper provides a methodology to predict EUR for multistage hydraulically fractured horizontal wells that outperforms many current methods, incorporates completion data, and overcomes some of the limitations of using DCA or other traditional methods to forecast production. This new approach is introduced to predict EUR for multistage hydraulically fractured horizontal wells and is presented as a workflow consisting of production history matching and forecasting using DCA combined with artificial neural network (ANN) predictive models. The developed workflow combines production history data, forecasting using DCA models and completion data to enhance EUR predictions. The predictive models use ANN techniques to predict EUR given short early production history data (3 months to 2 years). The new approach was developed and tested using actual production and completion data from 989 multistage hydraulically fractured horizontal wells from four different formations. Sixteen models were developed (four models for each formation) varying in terms of input parameters, structure, and the production history data period it requires. The developed models showed high accuracy (correlation coefficients of 0.85 to 0.99) in predicting EUR given only 3 months to 2 years of production data. The developed models use production forecasts from different DCA models along with well completion data to improve EUR predictions. Using completion parameters in predicting EUR along with the typical DCA is a major addition provided by this study. The end product of this work is a comprehensive workflow to predict EUR that can be implemented in different formations by using well completion data along with early production history data.

History Matching and Rate Forecasting in Unconventional Oil Reservoirs With an Approximate Analytical Solution to the Double-Porosity Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 070-082 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Ogunyomi ◽  
T. W. Patzek ◽  
L. W. Lake ◽  
C. S. Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
History Matching ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Double Porosity ◽  
Unconventional Reservoirs ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Double Porosity Model ◽  
Fractured Horizontal Wells ◽  
Porosity Model

Summary Production data from most fractured horizontal wells in gas and liquid-rich unconventional reservoirs plot as straight lines with a one-half slope on a log-log plot of rate vs. time. This production signature (half-slope) is identical to that expected from a 1D linear flow from reservoir matrix to the fracture face, when production occurs at constant bottomhole pressure. In addition, microseismic data obtained around these fractured wells suggest that an area of enhanced permeability is developed around the horizontal well, and outside this region is an undisturbed part of the reservoir with low permeability. On the basis of these observations, geoscientists have, in general, adopted the conceptual double-porosity model in modeling production from fractured horizontal wells in unconventional reservoirs. The analytical solution to this mathematical model exists in Laplace space, but it cannot be inverted back to real-time space without use of a numerical inversion algorithm. We present a new approximate analytical solution to the double-porosity model in real-time space and its use in modeling and forecasting production from unconventional oil reservoirs. The first step in developing the approximate solution was to convert the systems of partial-differential equations (PDEs) for the double-porosity model into a system of ordinary-differential equations (ODEs). After which, we developed a function that gives the relationship between the average pressures in the high- and the low-permeability regions. With this relationship, the system of ODEs was solved and used to obtain a rate/time function that one can use to predict oil production from unconventional reservoirs. The approximate solution was validated with numerical reservoir simulation. We then performed a sensitivity analysis on the model parameters to understand how the model behaves. After the model was validated and tested, we applied it to field-production data by partially history matching and forecasting the expected ultimate recovery (EUR). The rate/time function fits production data and also yields realistic estimates of ultimate oil recovery. We also investigated the existence of any correlation between the model-derived parameters and available reservoir and well-completion parameters.

scholarly journals Correction to Flow Rate Profile Interpretation for a Two-Phase Flow in Multistage Fractured Horizontal Wells by Inversion of DTS Data

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (41) ◽  
pp. 26955-26955
Author(s):  
Hongwen Luo ◽  
Beibei Jiang ◽  
Haitao Li ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Zhangxin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Fractured Horizontal Wells ◽  
Rate Profile

Lichen sclerosis–induced long segment anterior urethral stricture: The early outcome of one-stage repair using dorsolateral onlay buccal mucosa graft

2021 ◽  
pp. 039156032110033
Author(s):  
Atef Fathi ◽  
Omar Mohamed ◽  
Osama Mahmoud ◽  
Gamal A Alsagheer ◽  
Ahmed M Reyad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Urethral Stricture ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Maximum Flow Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Onlay Graft ◽  
Voiding Symptoms ◽  
Stricture Recurrence

Background: Substitution urethroplasty using buccal mucosal grafts can be performed by several approaches including ventral onlay graft, dorsal onlay graft, or ventral urethrotomy with dorsal inlay graft. Our study aims to evaluate the surgical outcome of dorsolateral buccal mucosal graft for long segment anterior urethral stricture >6 cm in patients with Lichen sclerosus (LS). Methods: A retrospective study included patients who underwent repair for long segment anterior urethral stricture >6 cm due to LS between January 2013 and April 2019. All patients were followed-up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively and then yearly by clinical symptoms, uroflowmetry, and calculation of post-void residual urine volume. Retrograde urethrogram was requested for patients with voiding symptoms or decreased maximum flow rate. Stricture recurrence that required subsequent urethrotomy or urethroplasty was considered failure. The success rate and surgical complications were collected and analyzed. Results: Thirty patients were identified. The median age (range) was 39 (25–61) years and a median (range) stricture length was 8 (6–14) cm. Most of postoperative complications were of minor degree. The success rate at median follow-up of 15 (12–24) months was 86.5%. The median maximum flow rate increased significantly from 6 (2–11) ml/s preoperatively to 18 (range: 6–23) ml/s at the 6th month ( p value < 0.001). Conclusion: Dorsolateral buccal mucosal grafts urethroplasty for long anterior urethral stricture caused by LS has a high success rate and low risk of complications including stricture recurrence.

scholarly journals Maximum Flow Rate of a Single Component, Two-Phase Mixture

1965 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Single Component ◽  
Maximum Flow Rate ◽  
Vapor Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
Phase Mixture ◽  
Local Slip

A theoretical model is developed for predicting the maximum flow rate of a single component, two-phase mixture. It is based upon annular flow, uniform linear velocities of each phase, and equilibrium between liquid and vapor. Flow rate is maximized with respect to local slip ratio and static pressure for known stagnation conditions. Graphs are presented giving maximum steam/water flow rates for: local static pressures between 25 and 3,000 psia, with local qualities from 0.01 to 1.00; local stagnation pressures and enthalpies which cover the range of saturation states.

Effect of Blade Angle of Attack and Hub to Tip Ratio on Mass Flow Rate in an Axial Fan at a Fixed Rotational Speed

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad J. Izadi ◽  
Alireza Falahat
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Maximum Flow Rate ◽  
Maximum Mass ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Axial Fan

In this investigation an attempt is made to find the best hub to tip ratio, the maximum number of blades, and the best angle of attack of an axial fan with flat blades at a fixed rotational speed for a maximum mass flow rate in a steady and turbulent conditions. In this study the blade angles are varied from 30 to 70 degrees, the hub to tip ratio is varied from 0.2 to 0.4 and the number of blades are varied from 2 to 6 at a fixed hub rotational speed. The results show that, the maximum flow rate is achieved at a blade angle of attack of about 45 degrees for when the number of blades is set equal to 4 at most rotational velocities. The numerical results show that as the hub to tip ratio is decreased, the mass flow rate is increased. For a hub to tip ratio of 0.2, and an angle of attack around 45 degrees with 4 blades, a maximum mass flow rate is achieved.

The characters exploration of a piezoelectric pump with fishtail-shaped bluffbody

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110386
Author(s):  
Yi Hou ◽  
Lipeng He ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Baojun Yu ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Maximum Flow Rate ◽  
Bluff Bodies ◽  
Conical Flow ◽  
Piezoelectric Pump ◽  
Valveless Piezoelectric Pump ◽  
Shape And Size

This paper focuses on a new structure in the valveless piezoelectric pump, which has a combination structure of the conical flow channel and two fishtail-shaped bluffbodies in the chamber of the pump. The fishtail-shaped bluffbody is inspired by the shape of the swimming fish to diminish the backflow and optimize the performance of the pump. The performance is studied by changing the shape and size of the inlet and outlet, the bluff bodies’ height and the space between two bluff bodies. The results show that the 3 mm × 3 mm square inlet, 3 mm diameter round outlet, 3 mm height of bluffbodies, 6.8 mm pitch of bluffbodies has a best performance in all 10 prototypes, which implements a maximum flow rate of 87.5 ml/min at 170 V 40 Hz with a noise of 42.6 dB. This study makes a preliminary investigation and theoretical explanation for the subsequent optimization of this structure, improved the performance of the valveless piezoelectric pump, broaden the thinking of the design for the bluffbody for better performance of the valveless piezoelectric pump.

Transport of Particle-Laden Fluids Through Fixed-Valve Micropumps

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Sheng Jang ◽  
Christopher J. Morris ◽  
Nigel R. Sharma ◽  
Ron L. Bardell ◽  
Fred K. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Surface Charge ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Flow Rate ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Polystyrene Microspheres ◽  
Negative Surface

Abstract Micropumps designed for the flow-rate range of 100–1000μl/min have been developed by a number of research groups. However, little data is available regarding the ability of various designs to directly transport liquids containing particles such as cells, microspheres utilized for bead chemistry, or contaminants. In this study the ability of pumps with no-moving-parts valves (NMPV) to transport particles was investigated. The results showed that a NMPV micropump was able to directly pump suspensions of polystyrene microspheres from 3.1 to 20.3μm in diameter. The pump functioned without clogging at microsphere number densities as high as 9000 particles/μl of suspension, which corresponded to over 90,000 particles per second passing through the pump at a flow rate of 600μl/min. Performance with polystyrene microspheres was the same as pure water up to the point of cavitation. Microspheres manufactured with negative surface charge cavitated less readily that other microspheres studied that were manufactured without surface charge. However, cavitation did not appear to be a function of microsphere size, total surface area or number density. Thus pumping polystyrene microspheres was found to be more affected by surface effects than by size, surface area or number density within the range of parameters considered. In the case of charged microspheres, the maximum flow rate was reduced by 30% compared to pure water whereas for uncharged microspheres the maximum flow rate was reduced by approximately 80%.

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