scholarly journals Analyses of the Compositions, Antioxidant Capacities, and Tyrosinase-Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Two New Varieties of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat Using Four Solvents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7631
Author(s):  
Yen Hua Chen ◽  
Sheng Lei Yan ◽  
Jane Yii Wu ◽  
Chang Wei Hsieh ◽  
Sue Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat

Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat is traditionally used as both medicine and food in China. In this study, extracts of C. morifolium Ramat Hang Ju No. 1 (No. 1) and No. 2 (No. 2) were produced using four different solvents: 95% ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and distilled water. In total, eight types of extracts were analyzed for extraction yields and total flavonoids, polyphenols, glycans, reducing sugars, and chlorogenic acids. The antioxidant capacities and tyrosinase-inhibitory activities of these extracts were also determined. Among them, the ethanolic extract of No. 1 (No. 1A) had the highest levels of total flavonoids (16.71 mg rutin equivalent/g dry weight (DW)), polyphenols (7.07 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DW), and chlorogenic acids (6595.46 μg/g DW) and the water extract of No. 1 (No. 1D) had the highest levels of total glycans (9.24 mg/g DW), and reducing sugars (23.32 μg/g DW). In terms of antioxidant capacity, No. 1A (1.0 mg/mL) demonstrated the best 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (96.2 ± 0.4%), ferrous ion chelating ability (55.44 ± 0.03%), and reducing power (0.988 ± 0.003). No. 1D (1.0 mg/mL) showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity (39.34 ± 0.03%). From these results, high levels of total flavonoids and polyphenols correlate with antioxidant capacity. Moreover, high levels of total chlorogenic acid in No. 1A and No. 1D correlate with high levels of tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Therefore, No. 1A has the potential to be used in daily health drinks, foods and skin whitening products. These results can be applied to similar flower plant extracts.

scholarly journals Phenolic Constituents from the Heartwood of Artocapus Altilis and their Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Ha Khoa Nguyen ◽  
Hai Xuan Nguyen ◽  
Mai Thanh Thi Nguyen ◽  
Nhan Trung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

From the MeOH extract of the heartwood of Artocapus altilis, thirteen phenolic compounds have been isolated, namely curcumin (1), desmethoxycurcumin (2), retrodihydrochalcone (3), apigenin (4), tangeretin (5), nobiletin (6), O-methyldehydrodieugenol (7), dehydrodieugenol (8), β-hydroxypropiovanillone (9), p-coumaric acid (10), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (11), vanillin (12), and vanillic acid (13). This is the first report on the presence of these compounds in the heartwood of A. altilis. Compounds 1, 2, and 10 showed more potent tyrosinase inhibitory activities, with IC50 values ranging from 2.3 to 42.0 μM, than the positive control kojic acid (IC50, 44.6 μM). The most active compound, p-coumaric acid (10) (IC50, 2.3 μM), was 22 times more active in tyrosinase inhibitory activity than kojic acid.

Polyphenols, Vitamin C, in Vitro Antioxidant Capacity, α-Amylase and COX-2 Inhibitory Activities of Citrus Samples from Aceh, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Thieme ◽  
Anna Westphal ◽  
Angelika Malarski ◽  
Volker Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract. This study was conducted to analyse antioxidant potencies, vitamin C contents, polyphenol profiles, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potencies of citrus fruits from Indonesia. Total phenolics contents (TPC) of seven citrus fruits from northern Aceh, Indonesia, were measured using Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) and Fast Blue BB (FBBB) methods. Total flavonoid content (TFC) test showed for peel and pulp extracts of calung and jeruk takengon (local mandarin) the highest values. H-TEAC (hydrophilic trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) and H-ORAC (hydrophilic oxygen reactive absorbance capacity) antioxidant capacity were highest for peel and pulp of jeruk takengon, calung and kruet mameh. Interestingly, peel extracts showed no α-amylase inhibition activity whilst pulp showed weak inhibitory activity. Polyphenol composition was dominated by flavanones, with hesperidin and neohesperidin as main flavanones (hesperidin: 131–5433 mg/100 g DW, neohesperidin: 431–4131 mg/100 g DW). Vitamin C contents were highly correlated with antioxidant capacities in pulp (R2 = 0.95 and R2 = 0.94 at p < 0.01 for H-TEAC and H-ORAC, respectively), and TPC and TFC were highly correlated with antioxidant capacities (R2 = 0.99 and R2 = 0.98 for TPC FC in pulp and R2 = 0.93 and R2 = 0.84 in peel for H-TEAC and H-ORAC, respectively; R2 = 0.88 and R2 = 0.80 in pulp, and R2 = 0.68 and R2 = 0.75 for TFC in peel for H-TEAC and H-ORAC at p < 0.01). In-vitro COX-2 inhibitory activity tests resulted in higher activity for pulp compared to the corresponding peel extracts except for calung. Pulp extract of jeruk takengon showed the highest activity. In general, local citrus fruits from Aceh, Indonesia, are potential sources of polyphenols and vitamin C.

scholarly journals Alpha-glucosidase and Alpha-amylase Inhibitory Activities, Molecular Docking and Antioxidant Capacities of Salvia Aurita Constituents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninon G.E.R Etsassala ◽  
Jelili A. Badmus ◽  
Jeanine L. Marnewick ◽  
Felix Nchu ◽  
Ahmed A. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Abietane Diterpenes ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most dangerous metabolic diseases with high rate of mortality worldwide. It is well known that insulin resistance and deficiency in insulin production from pancreatic &beta;-cells are the main characteristic of DM. Due to the detrimental side effects of the current treatment, there is a considerable need to develop new effective antidiabetic drugs, especially alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitors with lesser adverse effects. These inhibitors are known to be directly involved in the delay of carbohydrate digestion, resulting in a reduction of glucose absorption rate and consequently reduce the post-prandial raise of plasma glucose, which can reduce the risk of long-term diabetes complications. Hence, natural products are well-known sources for the discovery of new scaffold for drugs discovery, including new antidiabetic drugs. The phytochemical investigation of Salvia aurita collected from Hogobach pass, Eastern Cape, South Africa (SA), yielded four known abietane diterpenes namely carnosol (1), rosmanol (2), 7-methoxyrosmanol (3), 12-methoxycarnosic acid (4) and one flavonoid named 4,7-dimethylapigenin (5). Structural characterization of these isolated compounds was conducted using 1 and 2D NMR, in comparison with reported spectroscopic data. These compounds are reported for the first time from S. aurita. The biological evaluation of the isolated compound against alpha-glucosidase exhibited strong inhibitory activities for 3 and 2 with IC50 values of 4.2 &plusmn; 0.7 and 16.4 &plusmn; 1.1 &micro;g/mL respectively, while 4 and 1 demonstrated strong alpha-amylase inhibitory activity amongst the isolated compounds with IC50 of 16.2 &plusmn; 0.3 and 19.8 &plusmn; 1.4 &micro;g/mL. Molecular docking analysis confirms strong inhibitory activity of 3 against alpha-glucosidase. Additionally, excellent antioxidant capacities were displayed by 2, 1 and 3 respectively as ORAC (25789.9 &plusmn; 10.5; 23961.8 &plusmn; 14.1; 23939.3 &plusmn; 2.4) &micro;M TE/g; 1 and 2 as FRAP (3917.8 &plusmn; 2.1; 1522.3 &plusmn; 0.9) &micro;M AAE/g; 5 and 2 as TEAC (3190.4 &plusmn; 2.8; 2055.0 &plusmn; 2.6) &micro;M TE/g. The methanolic extract of S. aurita is a rich source of abietane diterpenes with excellent antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities that can be useful to modulate oxidative stress, and might possibly be excellent candidates for the management of diabetes. This is the first scientific report on the phytochemical isolation and biological evaluation of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of Salvia aurita.

scholarly journals Flavonoids from Artocarpus anisophyllus and their Bioactivities

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Mariam Abdul Lathiff ◽  
Noraini Jemaon ◽  
Siti Awanis Abdullah ◽  
Shajarahtunnur Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Prenylated Flavonoids ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
First Time

Two new prenylated flavonoids, 4′,5-dihydroxy-6,7-(2,2-dimethylpyrano)-2′-methoxy-8-γ,γ-dimethylallylflavone 1 and 3′-hydroxycycloartocarpin 2 along with six known flavonoids, 5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-8-prenylflavanone 3, isobavachalcone 4, pyranocycloartobiloxanthone A 5, artocarpin 6, chaplashin 7 and cycloartocarpin 8 were isolated for the first time from the leaves and the heartwoods of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. The structures of isolated flavonoids were elucidated spectroscopically using 1D and 2D NMR, FTIR, MS, UV and also by comparison with literature data. These flavonoids were screened for their antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. The dichloromethane and ethyl acetate crude extracts together with 3′-hydroxycycloartocarpin 2, pyranocycloartobiloxanthone A 5 and artocarpin 6 showed DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity with SC50 values of 80.2, 40.0, 152.9, 20.2 and 140.0 μg/mL in 30 min, respectively. Pyranocycloartobiloxanthone A 5 exhibited significant tyrosinase inhibitory activity against tyrosinase from mushroom with IC50 values of 60.5 μg/mL.

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