scholarly journals DC-Microgrid Operation Planning for an Electric Vehicle Supply Infrastructure

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetto Aluisio ◽  
Sergio Bruno ◽  
Luca De Bellis ◽  
Maria Dicorato ◽  
Giuseppe Forte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Operation Planning ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Non Linear

The integration of electric vehicles (EVs) in power systems can be encouraged by charging station diffusion. These stations can perform smart charging processes, and can take advantage of the involvement of distributed generation sources in a microgrid framework. Furthermore, since photovoltaic batteries and EVs are sources based on direct current (DC), the realization of a DC microgrid structure is promising, though challenging. In this paper, a mixed-integer linear procedure for determining optimal operation planning of a DC-based electric vehicle supply infrastructure is proposed. The procedure aims at optimizing daily operational costs, based on forecast of photovoltaic production and EV exploitation. Peculiar aspects of energy storage devices and of the DC microgrid framework are accounted for through a non-linear iterative procedure. The proposed approach is applied to a test DC microgrid on different operation days and its effectiveness is compared to non-linear formulation solved by means of a genetic algorithm.

scholarly journals Energy Management System Optimization of Drug Store Electric Vehicles Charging Station Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6163
Author(s):  
Yongyi Huang ◽  
Atsushi Yona ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida ◽  
Paras Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations

Electric vehicle charging station have become an urgent need in many communities around the world, due to the increase of using electric vehicles over conventional vehicles. In addition, establishment of charging stations, and the grid impact of household photovoltaic power generation would reduce the feed-in tariff. These two factors are considered to propose setting up charging stations at convenience stores, which would enable the electric energy to be shared between locations. Charging stations could collect excess photovoltaic energy from homes and market it to electric vehicles. This article examines vehicle travel time, basic household energy demand, and the electricity consumption status of Okinawa city as a whole to model the operation of an electric vehicle charging station for a year. The entire program is optimized using MATLAB mixed integer linear programming (MILP) toolbox. The findings demonstrate that a profit could be achieved under the principle of ensuring the charging station’s stable service. Household photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles are highly dependent on energy sharing between regions. The convenience store charging station service strategy suggested gives a solution to the future issues.

scholarly journals Electric vehicle dispatching in smart charging station: a pricing strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 675 (1) ◽  
pp. 012163
Author(s):  
Xuliang Zhao ◽  
Jiguang Xue ◽  
Tong Wu ◽  
Hong Xue ◽  
Sitong Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Vehicle Dispatching ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Smart Charging

scholarly journals Unidirectional DC/DC Converter with Voltage Inverter for Fast Charging of Electric Vehicle Batteries

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4791
Author(s):  
Jerzy Ryszard Szymanski ◽  
Marta Zurek-Mortka ◽  
Daniel Wojciechowski ◽  
Nikolai Poliakov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Frequency Converters ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
Variable Speed Motor

The paper proposes the adaptation of the industrial plant’s power network to supply electric vehicle (EV) fast-charging converters (above 300 kW) using renewable energy sources (RESs). A 600 V DC microgrid was used to supply energy from RESs for the needs of variable speed motor drives and charging of EV batteries. It has been shown that it is possible to support the supply of drive voltage frequency converters (VFCs) and charging of EV batteries converters with renewable energy from a 600 V DC microgrid, which improves the power quality indicators in the power system. The possibility of implementing the fast EV batteries charging station to the industrial plant’s power system in such a way that the system energy demand is not increased has also been shown. The EV battery charging station using the drive converter has been presented, as well as the results of simulation and laboratory tests of the proposed solution.

scholarly journals EV Smart Charging with Advance Reservation Extension to the OCPP Standard

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3263
Author(s):  
Simone Orcioni ◽  
Massimo Conti
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Advance Reservation ◽  
End User ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Central Station ◽  
Grid Management ◽  
Charge Point

An accurate management of the interactions among end user, electric vehicle, and charging station during recharge is fundamental for the diffusion of electric mobility. The paper proposes an extension of the Open Charge Point Protocol standard with the aim of including the user in the charging optimization process. The user negotiates with the central station a recharge reservation giving his/her preference and flexibility. The charging station management system provides different solutions based on user’s flexibility. This negotiation allows the optimization of the power grid management considering the user requests and constraints. The complete architecture has been designed, implemented on a web server and on a smartphone app, and tested. Results are reported in this work.

Non-Linear Control of a DC Microgrid for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkarim Benamar ◽  
Pierre Travaillé ◽  
Jean-Michel Clairand ◽  
Guillermo Escrivá-Escrivá
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Linear Control ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations

scholarly journals Electric vehicle routing problem with backhauls considering the location of charging stations and the operation of the electric power distribution system

TecnoLógicas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (44) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Carlos Cubides ◽  
Andrés Arias Londoño ◽  
Mauricio Granada Echeverri
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Routing ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Vehicle Routing Problem ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Charging Stations

Logistics companies are largely encouraged to make greener their operations through an efficient solution with electric vehicles (EVs). However, the driving range is one of the limiting aspects for the introduction of EVs in logistics fleet, due to the low capacity provided by the batteries to perform the routes. In this regards, it is necessary to set up a framework to virtually increase this battery capacity by locating EV charging stations (EVCSs) along the transportation network for the completion of their routes. By the other side, the Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) express the concern associated with the inclusion of new power demands to be attended (installation of EVCSs) in the Distribution Network (DN), without reducing the optimal power supply management for the end-users. Under these circumstances, in this paper the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls and optimal operation of the Distribution Network (EVRPB-DN) is introduced and formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming model, considering the operation of the DN in conditions of maximum power demand. Different candidate points for the EVs charging are considered to recharge the battery at the end of the linehaul route or during the backhaul route. The problem is formulated as a multi-objective approach where the transportation and power distribution networks operation are modeled. The performance and effectiveness of the proposed formulation is tested in VRPB instance datasets and DN test systems from the literature. Pareto fronts for each instance are presented, using the ε-constraint methodology.

scholarly journals Flexibility of Electric Vehicle Demand: Analysis of Measured Charging Data and Simulation for the Future

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marte K. Gerritsma ◽  
Tarek A. AlSkaif ◽  
Henk A. Fidder ◽  
Wilfried G.J.H.M. van Sark
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Congestion Management ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
Vehicle Demand ◽  
High Flexibility ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
High Scenario ◽  
Evening Peak

This paper proposes a method for analyzing and simulating the time-dependent flexibility of electric vehicle (EV) demand. This flexibility is influenced by charging power, which depends on the charging stations, the EV characteristics, and several environmental factors. Detailed charging station data from a Dutch case study have been analysed and used as input for a simulation. In the simulation, the interdependencies between plug-in time, connection duration, and required energy are respected. The data analysis of measured data reveals that 59% of the aggregated EV demand can be delayed for more than 8 h, and 16% for even more than 24 h. The evening peak shows high flexibility, confirming the feasibility of congestion management using smart charging within flexibility constraints. The results from the simulation show that the average daily EV demand increases by a factor 21 between the ‘Present-day’ and the ‘High’ scenario, while the maximum EV demand peak increases only by a factor 6, as a result of the limited simultaneity of the transactions. Further, simulations using the average charging power of individual measured transactions yield more accurate results than simulations using a fixed value for charging power. The proposed method for simulating future EV flexibility provides a basis for testing different smart charging algorithms.

Optimal Power Generation Unit Sizing for Combined Heating and Power Systems With Uncertain Loads and Fuel/Electricity Prices

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Smith ◽  
Kyungtae Yun ◽  
Robert Thomas ◽  
Rogelio Luck
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Optimal Sizing ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Analytical Scheme

An optimal sizing method is developed in this work based on an analytical scheme for determining optimal operation decisions. Using the analytic optimal operation scheme allows for a more thorough optimal sizing method because of the minimal computational effort required as compared to mixed integer programming approaches. For example, an optimal sizing method based on this approach can more feasibly consider several years of weather data and the range of likely fuel/electricity costs for the term of operation of the PGU. The optimal sizing method in this work takes advantage of this efficient optimal operation scheme and provides a robust optimal solution with respect to weather and fuel/electricity cost uncertainty. A case study of a medium sized office building is carried out by testing the algorithm for a range of 20 commercially available diesel engine PGUs.

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