ON THE QUESTION OF THE BASIC PERIODIZATION OF IMITATIONS OF THE ROMAN IMPERIAL DENARII IN THE CHERNYAKHIV CULTURE AREA: THE CONCEPT OF TWO «WAVES»

Imitations of Roman coins, the findings of which are very numerous and diverse in Ukraine, have already attracted the attention of researchers. The material accumulated over the last two decades, when taking into account its scale and diversity, allows us to state that imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture, is an unique and large-scale phenomenon, visible on the imaginary «map» of ancient numismatics. In this context, the growing number of new findings of imitations actualizes the task of more detailed and meaningful categorization of the accumulated material, in order to create a certain integral «canvas» of such a phenomenon as the imitations of Roman coins from the area of Chernyakhiv culture. The article is devoted to the improvement of the existing typology and periodization of imitations of Roman imperial denarii, which were made in the area of Chernyakhiv culture during the II - IV centuries. To solve this problem, the authors proposed and used an analytical scheme, consisting of a set of classification parameters for the typology of imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture. The use of this scheme allowed to form «profiles» and to substantiate the presence in the general set of imitations of two large, non-intersecting groups («waves») of imitations. Further analysis allowed to describe and compare these two «waves» of imitation in more detail. It was found that the first «wave» refers to the period of gradual entry of the Roman silver coins into the area of Chernyakhiv culture (II - early III century), which significantly clarifies the common view, according to which all imitations belong to the second half of the III century or even later. The second «wave» of imitations really refers to the second half of the III - early IV century, as it was established in the literature. Thus, the results of the study substantiated a comprehensive approach to the classification of imitations of Roman coins in the area of Chernyakhiv culture and significantly clarified the chronological framework of their production. In the future, the concept of two «waves» and the analytical scheme proposed by the authors may contribute to a more accurate classification and periodization of the whole array of imitations of Roman coins, which were made in the area of Chernyakhiv culture

Electron Bernstein wave aided heating of collisional nanocluster plasma by nonlinear interactions of two super-Gaussian laser beams

In this present theoretical study, we investigate electron Bernstein wave (EBW) aided collisional nanocluster plasma heating by nonlinear interaction of two super-Gaussian laser beams. The interactions of laser beams electric field profiles with electronic clouds of nanoclusters cause the beat wave. The nonlinear ponderomotive force is generated through the beat wave. There may be good potential to excite the EBW aiding cluster plasma to lead electron heating via cyclotron damping of the Bernstein wave. An analytical scheme is proposed for the anomalous heating and evolution of electron temperature by using this mechanism. Graphical discussions were promised to achieve extreme heating rate via the spatial shape of super-Gaussian laser beams and the resonance condition of beat wave to surface plasmon frequency. The heating is controlled by tuning the laser beam width, mode index, collisional frequency, clustered radius, and density.

Impact of Imperial Discourses on Changing Subjectivities in Core and Periphery: A Study of British India and British Nigeria

Eurocentric imperialism incorporated the non-European geographical region in the economic and political milieu of Europe and made the world a global whole. To Mitchel Foucault, the process started with endo-colonization of European people and advent of rational governance exercises experimented first in European states and later exported to non-western regions. The study aims to analyze the different outcomes of European governmentality in European core and non-European periphery and changing subjectivities and cognitions in non-European world with ruptures accompanied by European modernity. The theoretical frame and conceptual toolkit of Archaeology/Genealogy, Governmentality, Power/knowledge etc. are borrowed from Michel Foucault the postmodern historian of ideas. For analytical purpose, the concept of Archeological historicity is linked with World System approach as employed by Lenin and Immanuel Wallerstein. The analytical scheme is to describe events in longue durée from sixteenth century; record shifts in the core Europe, and parallel shifts in peripheral colonial/postcolonial world, to understand the material and discursive conditions of existence. The finding of research is that events and processes lead to different outcomes in core and periphery. A two-level comparison is made: the comparison of European Core with two peripheral regions, i.e., British India and British Nigeria and comparison of two peripheral regions incorporated in the world system as reservoirs of raw material and market

Newly Developed Analytical Scheme and Its Applications to the Some Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations with the Conformable Derivative

This paper presents a novel and general analytical approach: the rational sine-Gordon expansion method and its applications to the nonlinear Gardner and (3+1)-dimensional mKdV-ZK equations including a conformable operator. Some trigonometric, periodic, hyperbolic and rational function solutions are extracted. Physical meanings of these solutions are also presented. After choosing suitable values of the parameters in the results, some simulations are plotted. Strain conditions for valid solutions are also reported in detail.

Anomalous Nonlinear Dynamics Behavior of Fractional Viscoelastic Beams

Fractional models and their parameters are sensitive to intrinsic microstructual changes in anomalous materials. We investigate how such physics-informed models propagate the evolving anomalous rheology to the nonlinear dynamics of mechanical systems. In particular, we study the vibration of a fractional, geometrically nonlinear viscoelastic cantilever beam, under base excitation and free vibration, where the viscoelasticity is described by a distributed-order fractional model. We employ Hamilton's principle to obtain the equation of motion with the choice of specific material distribution functions that recover a fractional Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic model of order $\alpha$. Through spectral decomposition in space, the resulting time-fractional partial differential equation reduces to a nonlinear time-fractional ordinary differential equation, where the linear counterpart is numerically integrated through a direct L1-difference scheme. We further develop a semi-analytical scheme to solve the nonlinear system through a method of multiple scales, yielding a cubic algebraic equation in terms of the frequency. Our numerical results suggest a set of $\alpha$-dependent anomalous dynamic qualities, such as far-from-equilibrium power-law decay rates, amplitude super-sensitivity at free vibration, and bifurcation in steady-state amplitude at primary resonance.

Analytical control of silicified graphite SG-P

An analytical scheme for the analysis of silicified graphite SG-P, a four-phase composite material consisting of silicon, carbon, silicon carbide and silicon dioxide, has been developed. The procedure can be successfully used in the quality control of raw materials and in the study of the phase composition of finished products The porosity and density of the graphite base, as well as the impurities contained in the base and silicon change the course of silicification and the properties of the finished product as well. The impurities are the main reason for the formation of delamination, swelling, cracking and light spots on the treated surfaces. It should be noted that the iron content 0.023 – 0.17 wt.% in the carbon material intended for silicification, leads to catalytic graphitization of the artificial graphite and dispersion in the silicon melt. Methods of rapid assessment of the quality of raw materials are to be used to provide quick understanding of their suitability for manufacturing final products on their base. Quality control of the silicified graphite produced at the JSC «Research Institute Graphite» is carried out by determination of the phase composition of the finished product by chemical and X-ray diffraction methods of analysis. The content of silicon carbide (not less than 45%), unbound silicon and carbon (not more than 20 and 35%, respectively) affects the corrosion resistance and thermal expansion of silicified graphite.

The globalization of Just Transition in the world of labour: politics of scale and scope

Just Transition has become the major expression of labour environmentalism at the global level and global union organizations have played a central role. My goal in this article is to provide an analytically informed account of this trajectory. The first part of this contribution, therefore, clarifies the analytical scheme. In the second and main part I will use this analytical scheme to trace the role of global unions in the globalization of just transition within global labour. In particular I will argue that the globalization of just transition within the world of labour remains a work in progress while it reflects both North-South and sectoral dynamics. I close by commenting on the causes behind these findings and the prospects and challenges of broadening just transition.

CoKnowEMe: An Edge Evaluation Scheme for QoS of IoMT Microservices in 6G Scenario

The forthcoming 6G will attempt to rewrite the communication networks’ perspective focusing on a shift in paradigm in the way technologies and services are conceived, integrated and used. In this viewpoint, the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) represents a merger of medical devices and health applications that are connected through networks, introducing an important change in managing the disease, treatments and diagnosis, reducing costs and faults. In 6G, the edge intelligence moves the innovative abilities from the central cloud to the edge and jointly with the complex systems approach will enable the development of a new category of lightweight applications as microservices. It requires edge intelligence also for the service evaluation in order to introduce the same degree of adaptability. We propose a new evaluation model, called CoKnowEMe (context knowledge evaluation model), by introducing an architectural and analytical scheme, modeled following a complex and dynamical approach, consisting of three inter-operable level and different networked attributes, to quantify the quality of IoMT microservices depending on a changeable context of use. We conduct simulations to display and quantify the structural complex properties and performance statistical estimators. We select and classify suitable attributes through a further detailed procedure in a supplementary information document.

Instrumental Photon Activation Analysis with Short-Time Irradiation for Geochemical Research

This paper introduces instrumental photon activation analysis (IPAA) utilizing short-lived products of photonuclear reactions, mainly (γ, n) and (γ, p), initiated by bremsstrahlung from the MT-25 microtron. A rapid nondestructive IPAA method for geochemical major element analysis is introduced as a tool for the basic geochemical characterization of rocks. Procedures were developed and parameters such as beam energy and irradiation-decay-counting times optimized with a representative set of geochemical reference materials, and an optimized scheme was applied in analysis of various geological samples. A complete analytical scheme combined with long-time irradiation IPAA and the possibility of utilization of photoexcitation reactions (γ, γ′) are briefly outlined.

Een streepjesbroek in ruil voor roggebrood

In this article a collection of more than 2.200 letters written in 1944 is presented from Dutch protestant archives. They shed light on different experiences of people in the dogmatic and juridical conflict in the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Gereformeerde Kerken in Nederland), which led to the schism of the Vrijmaking (Liberation) of 1944, under the circumstances of World War II. This collection will be made publicly available at the Archief- en Documentatiecentrum voor de Gereformeerde Kerken in Nederland (ADC) in Kampen in the near future together with an analytical scheme to facilitate all kinds of research into this collection by theologians, historians, sociologists and linguists.