scholarly journals Remediation of Organically Contaminated Soil Through the Combination of Assisted Phytoremediation and Bioaugmentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
pp. 4757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel Anza ◽  
Oihane Salazar ◽  
Lur Epelde ◽  
José María Becerril ◽  
Itziar Alkorta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Paenibacillus Sp ◽  
Cow Slurry

Here, we aimed to bioremediate organically contaminated soil with Brassica napus and a bacterial consortium. The bioaugmentation consortium consisted of four endophyte strains that showed plant growth-promoting traits (three Pseudomonas and one Microbacterium) plus three strains with the capacity to degrade organic compounds (Burkholderia xenovorans LB400, Paenibacillus sp. and Lysinibacillus sp.). The organically contaminated soil was supplemented with rhamnolipid biosurfactant and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate to increase the degradability of the sorbed contaminants. Soils were treated with organic amendments (composted horse manure vs. dried cow slurry) to promote plant growth and stimulate soil microbial activity. Apart from quantification of the expected decrease in contaminant concentrations (total petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), the effectiveness of our approach was assessed in terms of the recovery of soil health, as reflected by the values of different microbial indicators of soil health. Although the applied treatments did not achieve a significant decrease in contaminant concentrations, a significant improvement of soil health was observed in our amended soils (especially in soils amended with dried cow slurry), pointing out a not-so-uncommon situation in which remediation efforts fail from the point of view of the reduction in contaminant concentrations while succeeding to recover soil health.

Use and understanding of organic amendments in Australian agriculture: a review

Soil Research ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Quilty ◽  
S. R. Cattle
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Seaweed Extracts ◽  
Wide Range

A wide range of organic amendments (OA) is currently available to Australian farmers. These products have numerous agronomic applications, including the supply of plant nutrients, control of pests and diseases, and in management of soil health. Several of these products are also used in contaminated and degraded land remediation. The most commonly identifiable groups of OA in Australia are composts, compost teas, vermicasts, humic substances, meat, blood and bone meal, fish hydrolysates, seaweed extracts, bio-inoculants, biodynamic products, and biochars. Many of these OA contain nutrients within organic molecular structures; these nutrients are usually not immediately available to plants and must first be mineralised. Mineralisation often occurs as OA are consumed by microbes, thereby stimulating soil microbial activity. The application of OA such as bio-inoculants, humic substances, and seaweed extracts can potentially stimulate crop growth and development through the actions of plant growth-promoting hormones, including cytokinins, auxins, and gibberellins. Yet despite these apparent benefits, the widespread adoption of OA in Australia has been limited, due in part to the high application rates required to produce agronomic benefits, a lack of consistency in the composition of some products, a poor public perception of their utility, and a lack of unbiased scientific research into the agricultural potential of these products.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Bio-Wastes in Combination with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria on Growth and Productivity of Okra

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2065
Author(s):  
Hammad Anwar ◽  
Xiukang Wang ◽  
Azhar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Rafay ◽  
Maqshoof Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria with multiple growth-promoting traits play a significant role in soil to improve soil health, crop growth and yield. Recent research studies have focused on the integration of organic amendments with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to enhance soil fertility and reduce the hazardous effects of chemical fertilizers. This study aims to evaluate the integrated application of biochar, compost, fruit and vegetable waste, and Bacillus subtilis (SMBL 1) to soil in sole application and in combined form. The study comprises eight treatments—four treatments without inoculation and four treatments with SMBL 1 inoculation in a completely randomized design (CRD), under factorial settings with four replications. The results indicate that the integrated treatments significantly improved okra growth and yield compared with sole applications. The integration of SMBL 1 with biochar showed significant improvements in plant height, root length, leaf chlorophyll a and b, leaf relative water content, fruit weight, diameter and length by 29, 29, 50, 53.3, 4.3, 44.7 and 40.4%, respectively, compared with control. Similarly, fruit N, P and K contents were improved by 33, 52.7 and 25.6% and Fe and Zn in shoot were 37.1 and 35.6%, respectively, compared with control. The results of this study reveal that the integration of SMBL 1 with organic amendments is an effective approach to the sustainable production of okra.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of bioremediation process in hydrocarbon - contaminated soils

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Lilija Kalediene ◽  
Grazina Giedraityte ◽  
Rapolas Liuzinas
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Bacterial Treatment

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of introduced indigenousbacterial isolates for ex situ bioremediation of fuel oil contaminated soil. For this purposethree hydrocarbon-degrading indigenous bacterial isolates were screened from petroleumoil contaminated soil and repeatedly used for inoculation of fuel oil contaminated soil.The total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) content was determined by gravimetric method,Hydrocarbon fractions (alkanes, aromatics, asphaltenes and resins) present in TPH wereobtained by silica gel column chromatography. The study showed that some introducedbacterial isolates effectively adapted to the contaminated soil. The bioaugmentation effectwas calculated to raise the numbers of bacteria by approximately one order of magnitudefrom the indigenous population at the site. Ex situ study showed that the introducedbacterial consortium effectively adapted to the local environment of the soil at thebioremediation site.Our results indicated that disappearance of TPH from inoculated soil samples dependedon the general soil impurity, term of bacterial treatment, level of TPH contamination andindividual microorganism efficacy. With application of bacterial consortium andfertilizers, the TPH level was reduced to 60 - 66% after three months.

Bioremediation model of oil-contaminated soil in Lapindo mud using multisymbiotic organism

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 586-601
Author(s):  
Yuni Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Interaction Pattern ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tripartite Symbiosis

PurposeThe study aimed at developing the bioremediation model of Lapindo mud through multisymbiotic organism.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted using completely randomized design. The model plants chosen in this research were soybean. The interaction pattern during the treatment was used to develop the bioremediation model based on the parameters.FindingsThe results showed that there was an effect of the type of organism on the parameters, namely: the growth of plant (biomass, height, length of root, and number of leaves), the biomass of root nodules, the percentage of mycorrhizal infection, the content of water, nitrogen, phosphorus, and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). There was a pattern of multisymbiotic interaction between each organism and roles of each symbiont in that interaction. Therefore, the plants were capable of surviving in the environment of Sidoarjo Lapindo mud. This pattern can be named as the bioremediation model proposed, which is the analogy of tripartite symbiosis between plants, mycorrhizae, and Rhizobium but also adding plant growth bacteria such as phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and hydrocarbon degradation bacteria. The implementation of this model can be used to treat oil-contaminated soil in order to be used as a plant growth medium.Originality/valuePhytoremediation is a new and promising approach to remove contaminants in the environment but using plants alone for remediation confronts many limitations. Therefore, the application of plant-growth-promoting rhizobia (PGPR) has been extended to remediate contaminated soils in association with plants (Zhuang et al., 2007). The development of the model will use the analogy of tripartite symbiosis between plants, mycorrhizae, and Rhizobium. The developed model will be based on the interaction pattern on each parameters obtained. Bioremediation is chosen because it is considered an effective technique to transform toxic components into less toxic products without disrupting the surrounding environment. Besides, bioremediation is cheaper and environment-friendly because it utilizes microorganisms to clean pollutants from the environment (Nugroho, 2006).

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Health with Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils Using Two Different Remediation Technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10078
Author(s):  
Sang Hwan Lee ◽  
Jung Hyun Lee ◽  
Woo Chul Jung ◽  
Misun Park ◽  
Min Suk Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Accurate Estimation

For sustainable soil management, there is an increasing demand for soil quality, resilience, and health assessment. After remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC)-contaminated soils, changes in the physicochemical and ecological characteristics of the soil were investigated. Two kinds of remediation technologies were applied to contaminated soils: land farming (LF) and high temperature thermal desorption (HTTD). As a result of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), PHC-contaminated soils were efficiently remediated by LF and HTTD. The soil health could not be completely recovered after the removal of pollutants due to adverse changes in the soil properties, especially in soil enzyme activities. Therefore, monitoring is necessary for accurate estimation of soil ecotoxicity and effective remediation, and additional soil management, such as fertilizer application or organic amendments, is needed to restore soil heath. In the case of HTTD, soil ecological properties are severely changed during the remediation process. The decision to reuse or recycle remediated soils should reflect changes in soil quality. HTTD is a harsh remediation method that results in deterioration of soil fertility and ecological functions. Alternatives, such as low-temperature thermal desorption or additional soil management using fertilizer or organic amendments, for example, are needed.

Composting Study of Petroleum Contaminated Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Xue Ying Song ◽  
Ru Jing Liang ◽  
Yu Shuang Li ◽  
Xin Xin Li ◽  
Xiao Jun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil

Composting has been shown to be an effective bioremediation technique for the treatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. In this research, the major objective of this research was to find the appropriate mix ratio of organic amendments for enhancing the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons during diesel oil contaminated soil composting. The spent mushroom was added as an amendment for supplementing organic matter for composting of contaminated soil. The volumn ratios of contaminated soil to organic amendments were 1:1, 1.5:1 and 2:1. Target contaminant of this research was diesel oil, which was spiked at 16240 mg/kg sample on a dry weight basis. The degradation of diesel oil was significantly enhanced by the addition of these organic amendments relative to straight soil control. Degradation rates of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were the greatest at the ratio of 1:1 of contaminated soil to organic amendments on the volumn ratio. The abiotic loss of TPH was only about 6.83% of initial TPH.

scholarly journals Quanti-Qualitative Response of Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cycla) to Soil Amendment with Biochar-Compost Mixtures

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Angela Libutti ◽  
Anna Rita Rivelli
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Total N ◽  
Qualitative Response ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Two Factors

In recent years, soil addition with organic amendments, such as biochar and compost, has gained attention as an effective agronomic practice to sustain soil fertility, enhance plant growth and crop yield. Well known are the positive effects of compost on yield of a wide crop varieties, while both positive and negative responses are reported for biochar Therefore, the aim of the study was to verify the effect of biochar mixed with three types of compost on quanti-qualitative response of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. cycla), a leafy green vegetable rich in dietary antioxidants, largely consumed worldwide. A factorial experiment in pots with two factors, including biochar (without biochar and with biochar from vine pruning residues) and compost (without compost, with compost from olive pomace, with vermicompost from cattle manure, and with compost from cattle anaerobic digestate), was setup. Two growth cycles were considered, and a set of quantitative (height of plants, number, area and fresh weight of leaves) and qualitative parameters (carotenoids, chlorophyll, total N, and NO3−content of leaves) were analyzed. Biochar decreased plant growth and NO3− leaf content; on the contrary, it increased total N leaf content, while compost improved all the considered parameters. The interactive effect of biochar and compost was evident only on total N and NO3− leaf content. In our experimental conditions, the compost showed to be the best option to improve Swiss chard growth and increase the content of phytopigments, while the biochar-compost mixtures did not produce the expected effect.

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