scholarly journals Regional Emissions Analysis of Light-Duty Battery Electric Vehicles

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1482
Author(s):  
Andrew Burnham ◽  
Zifeng Lu ◽  
Michael Wang ◽  
Amgad Elgowainy
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
State Level ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicles ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Vehicle Operation ◽  
Gasoline Vehicles ◽  
Light Duty Vehicle

Light-duty battery electric vehicles (BEVs) can reduce both greenhouse gas (GHG) and criteria air pollutant (CAPs) emissions, when compared to gasoline vehicles. However, research has found that while today’s BEVs typically reduce GHGs, they can increase certain CAPs, though with significant regional variability based on the electric grid mix. In addition, the environmental performance of electric and gasoline vehicles is not static, as key factors driving emissions have undergone significant changes recently and are expected to continue to evolve. In this study, we perform a cradle-to-grave life cycle analysis using state-level generation mix and vehicle operation emission data. We generated state-level emission factors using a projection from 2020 to 2050 for three light-duty vehicle types. We found that BEVs currently provide GHG benefits in nearly every state, with the median state’s benefit being between approximately 50% to 60% lower than gasoline counterparts. However, gasoline vehicles currently have lower total NOx, urban NOx, total PM2.5, and urban PM2.5 in 33%; 15%; 70%; and 10% of states, respectively. BEV emissions will decrease in 2050 due to a cleaner grid, but the relative benefits when compared to gasoline vehicles do not change significantly, as gasoline vehicles are also improving over this time.

scholarly journals Analysis of the influence of RDE test data processing methods on the emission results of China 6 light duty vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Penghui Wu ◽  
Nenghui Yu ◽  
Yuanjun Zhang ◽  
Zhijun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Emission Factor ◽  
Vehicle Emission ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Light Duty Vehicle ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles ◽  
Data Processing Methods

The CO2 moving average window(MAW) method is used to process RDE (real drive emissions) emissions data in China 6 light duty vehicle emissions regulations, while the Euro 6 light duty vehicle emission regulations allow to use both of MAW and power binning(PB) method to deal with RDE emission data. In order to study the difference between the two data processing methods and analyze the differences in the emission results, 10 different types of light duty vehicles are conducted RDE test with PEMS (portable emissions measurement system), and the test data are processed by the two methods separately. The results show that there is a little difference between MAW and PB, while both of them can satisfy the vehicle emission assessment. The PB method calculates the emission factors higher than the MAW method. After removing the cold start and idle condition data, the results of PB is similar to MAW. Besides, reducing the average speed limit of urban working conditions in PB has a greater impact on the urban driving condition emission factor, but less on the whole cycle emission factor.

scholarly journals Well-to-wheels greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions from battery electric vehicles in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Zheng ◽  
Xiaoyi He ◽  
Hewu Wang ◽  
Michael Wang ◽  
Shaojun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicles ◽  
Well To Wheels

scholarly journals Environmental Implications of the National Power Roadmap with Policy Directives for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solhee Kim ◽  
Rylie E. O. Pelton ◽  
Timothy M. Smith ◽  
Jimin Lee ◽  
Jeongbae Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Environmental Index ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicles ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Gasoline Vehicles ◽  
National Power

The environmental impact of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) largely depends on the environmental profile of the national electric power grid that enables their operation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental performance of BEV usage in Korea considering the changes and trajectory of the national power roadmap. We examined the environmental performance using a weighted environmental index, considering eight impact categories. The results showed that the weighted environmental impact of Korea’s national power grid supply would increase overall by 66% from 2015 to 2029 using the plan laid out by the 7th Power Roadmap, and by only 33% from 2017 to 2031 using the 8th Power Roadmap plan. This change reflects the substantial amount of renewables in the more recent power mix plan. In 2016, BEV usage in Korea resulted in emissions reductions of about 37% compared with diesel passenger vehicles, and 41% compared with gasoline vehicles per kilometer driven (100 g CO2e/km versus 158 g and 170 g CO2e/km, respectively) related to transportation sector. By 2030, BEV usage in Korea is expected to achieve a greater emissions reduction of about 53% compared with diesel vehicles and 56% compared with gasoline vehicles. However, trade-offs are also expected because of increased particulate matter (PM) pollution, which we anticipate to increase by 84% compared with 2016 conditions. Despite these projected increases in PM emissions, increased BEV usage in Korea is expected to result in important global and local benefits through reductions of climate-changing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

scholarly journals Influence of Test Cycles on Energy Consumption Test of Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Kunqi Ma ◽  
Hanzhengnan Yu ◽  
Jingyuan Li ◽  
Xiaopan An
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Cycle ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Light Duty Vehicle ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Vehicle Test

In order to verify the necessity of the application of China Automotive Test Cycle which is constructed through actual driving data in china of more than 55 million kilometers in the energy consumption test of electric vehicles in China, this paper compares the characteristics of New European Test Cycle (NEDC), World-wide harmonized Light duty Test Cycle (WLTC) and China light-duty vehicle test cycle for passenger car(CLTC-P), and analyzes the differences of vehicle energy demand under different test cycles from theoretical and simulation point, simulation results show that the endurance mileage is longest and the energy recovery strategy is more effective under CLTC-P cycle. Finally, four types of vehicles are selected to carry out the endurance mileage test under these three test cycles. The test results are consistent with the simulation results. Therefore, in order to make the test results of electric vehicle energy consumption closer to the actual use of our country, CLTC-P should be selected to replace NEDC and WLTC cycle.

Light duty vehicle fuel economy – Comparison of ice, hybrid and electric vehicles based on different driving cycles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeu Cavalcante Cordeiro de Melo ◽  
Sérgio William Botero ◽  
Rogério Nascimento de Carvalho ◽  
Antônio Carlos Scardini Villela ◽  
Guilherme Bastos Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Light Duty Vehicle

scholarly journals Congestion Control for Mixed-Mode Traffic with Emission Cost

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ya Li ◽  
Renhuai Liu ◽  
Yuanyang Zou ◽  
Yingshuang Ma ◽  
Guoxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Congestion Control ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Battery Electric Vehicles ◽  
Operation Costs ◽  
Traffic Assignment Problem ◽  
Gasoline Vehicles ◽  
Distance Limit

This paper presents two models to investigate the traffic assignment problem. In the two models, the emission cost for gasoline vehicles (GVs) is considered. The credit schemes are considered in the constraint of the models. The operation costs for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and GVs are also studied. Particularly, the constraints related to the credit schemes can be utilized to adjust the number of GVs and to promote growth of the number of BEVs, which is a novel idea that was not studied. Preliminary numerical experiments demonstrate that the models are effective and the extended distance limit of BEVs can raise the volume of BEVs under the condition that the unit traffic cost of BEVs is lower than GVs. Therefore, it is feasible to control the quantity of GVs by adjusting the total credit schemes, and it is viable to reduce the emission by enlarging the number of BEVs’ users.

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