scholarly journals Engineered 3D Polymer and Hydrogel Microenvironments for Cell Culture Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fan ◽  
Urs Staufer ◽  
Angelo Accardo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
In Vitro Drug Screening ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Printing Techniques

The realization of biomimetic microenvironments for cell biology applications such as organ-on-chip, in vitro drug screening, and tissue engineering is one of the most fascinating research areas in the field of bioengineering. The continuous evolution of additive manufacturing techniques provides the tools to engineer these architectures at different scales. Moreover, it is now possible to tailor their biomechanical and topological properties while taking inspiration from the characteristics of the extracellular matrix, the three-dimensional scaffold in which cells proliferate, migrate, and differentiate. In such context, there is therefore a continuous quest for synthetic and nature-derived composite materials that must hold biocompatible, biodegradable, bioactive features and also be compatible with the envisioned fabrication strategy. The structure of the current review is intended to provide to both micro-engineers and cell biologists a comparative overview of the characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks of the major 3D printing techniques, the most promising biomaterials candidates, and the trade-offs that must be considered in order to replicate the properties of natural microenvironments.

A three-dimensional cell biology model of human hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro

Tumor Biology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Tang ◽  
Jiefeng Cui ◽  
Rongxin Chen ◽  
Kun Guo ◽  
Xiaonan Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Dimensional Cell

scholarly journals Advances in 3D Printing for Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3149
Author(s):  
Angelika Zaszczyńska ◽  
Maryla Moczulska-Heljak ◽  
Arkadiusz Gradys ◽  
Paweł Sajkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Scaffold Fabrication ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Printing Techniques ◽  
State Of Art

Tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds have enormous significance for the possibility of regeneration of complex tissue structures or even whole organs. Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques allow fabricating TE scaffolds, having an extremely complex structure, in a repeatable and precise manner. Moreover, they enable the easy application of computer-assisted methods to TE scaffold design. The latest additive manufacturing techniques open up opportunities not otherwise available. This study aimed to summarize the state-of-art field of 3D printing techniques in applications for tissue engineering with a focus on the latest advancements. The following topics are discussed: systematics of the available 3D printing techniques applied for TE scaffold fabrication; overview of 3D printable biomaterials and advancements in 3D-printing-assisted tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Spheroids as a Type of Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures—Examples of Methods of Preparation and the Most Important Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Białkowska ◽  
Piotr Komorowski ◽  
Maria Bryszewska ◽  
Katarzyna Miłowska
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Interactions ◽  
Natural Cell

Cell cultures are very important for testing materials and drugs, and in the examination of cell biology and special cell mechanisms. The most popular models of cell culture are two-dimensional (2D) as monolayers, but this does not mimic the natural cell environment. Cells are mostly deprived of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions. A much better in vitro model is three-dimensional (3D) culture. Because many cell lines have the ability to self-assemble, one 3D culturing method is to produce spheroids. There are several systems for culturing cells in spheroids, e.g., hanging drop, scaffolds and hydrogels, and these cultures have their applications in drug and nanoparticles testing, and disease modeling. In this paper we would like to present methods of preparation of spheroids in general and emphasize the most important applications.

scholarly journals Engineered Heterochronic Parabiosis in 3D Microphysiological System for Identification of Muscle Rejuvenating Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunki Lee ◽  
Jeongmoon J. Choi ◽  
Song Ih Ahn ◽  
Nan Hee Leea ◽  
Woojin M. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Muscle Stem Cell ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
On Chip

AbstractExposure of aged mice to a young systemic milieu revealed remarkable rejuvenation effects on aged tissues, including skeletal muscle. Although some candidate factors have been identified, the exact identity and the underlying mechanisms of putative rejuvenating factors remain elusive, mainly due to the complexity of in vivo parabiosis. Here, we present an in vitro muscle parabiosis system that integrates young- and old-muscle stem cell vascular niche on a three-dimensional microfluidic platform designed to recapitulate key features of native muscle stem cell microenvironment. This innovative system enables mechanistic studies of cellular dynamics and molecular interactions within the muscle stem cell niche, especially in response to conditional extrinsic stimuli of local and systemic factors. We demonstrate that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling from endothelial cells and myotubes synergistically contribute to the rejuvenation of the aged muscle stem cell function. Moreover, with the adjustable on-chip system, we can mimic both blood transfusion and parabiosis and detect the time-varying effects of anti-geronic and pro-geronic factors in a single organ or multi-organ systems. Our unique approach presents a complementary in vitro model to supplement in vivo parabiosis for identifying potential anti-geronic factors responsible for revitalizing aging organs.

scholarly journals Organs-On-Chip Models of the Female Reproductive System

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Mancini ◽  
Virginia Pensabene
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
Paracrine Signalling ◽  
On Chip

Microfluidic-based technology attracts great interest in cell biology and medicine, in virtue of the ability to better mimic the in vivo cell microenvironment compared to conventional macroscale cell culture platforms. Recent Organs-on-chip (OoC) models allow to reproduce in vitro tissue and organ-level functions of living organs and systems. These models have been applied for the study of specific functions of the female reproductive tract, which is composed of several organs interconnected through intricate endocrine pathways and communication mechanisms. To date, a disease and toxicology study of this system has been difficult to perform. Thus, there is a compelling need to develop innovative platforms for the generation of disease model and for performing drug toxicity/screening in vitro studies. This review is focused on the analysis of recently published OoC models that recreate pathological and physiological characteristics of the female reproductive organs and tissues. These models aim to be used to assess changes in metabolic activity of the specific cell types and the effect of exposure to hormonal treatment or chemical substances on some aspects of reproduction and fertility. We examined these models in terms of device specifications, operating procedures, accuracy for studying the biochemical and functional activity of living tissues and the paracrine signalling that occurs within the different tissues. These models represent a powerful tool for understanding important diseases and syndromes affecting women all around the world. Immediate adoption of these models will allow to clarify diseases, causes and adverse events occurring during pregnancy such as pre-eclampsia, infertility or preterm birth, endometriosis and infertility.

scholarly journals Dolomite-Foamed Bioactive Silicate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Repair

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Fiume ◽  
Dilshat Tulyaganov ◽  
Graziano Ubertalli ◽  
Enrica Verné ◽  
Francesco Baino
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

The use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds is recognized worldwide as a valuable biomedical approach for promoting tissue regeneration in critical-size bone defects. Over the last 50 years, bioactive glasses have been intensively investigated in a wide range of different clinical applications, from orthopedics to soft tissue healing. Bioactive glasses exhibit the unique capability to chemically bond to the host tissue and, furthermore, their processing versatility makes them very appealing due to the availability of different manufacturing techniques for the production of porous and interconnected synthetic bone grafts able to support new tissue growth over the whole duration of the treatment. As a novel contribution to the broad field of scaffold manufacturing, we report here an effective and relatively easy method to produce silicate glass-derived scaffolds by using, for the first time in the biomedical field, dolomite powder as a foaming agent for the formation of 3D bone-like porous structures. Morphological/structural features, crystallization behavior, and in vitro bioactivity in a simulated body fluid (SBF) were investigated. All the tested scaffolds were found to fulfil the minimum requirements that a scaffold for osseous repair should exhibit, including porosity (65–83 vol.%) and compressive strength (1.3–3.9 MPa) comparable to those of cancellous bone, as well as hydroxyapatite-forming ability (bioactivity). This study proves the suitability of a dolomite-foaming method for the production of potentially suitable bone grafts based on bioactive glass systems.

Laser-based 3D cell printing for tissue engineering

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar Koch ◽  
Andrea Deiwick ◽  
Boris Chichkov
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Cell Printing ◽  
Printing Technique ◽  
Cell Patterns ◽  
Printing Techniques

AbstractCurrently, different 3D printing techniques are investigated for printing biomaterials and living cells. An ambitious aim is the printing of fully functional tissue or organs. Furthermore, for manifold applications in biomedical research and in testing of pharmaceuticals or cosmetics, printed tissue could be a new method, partly substituting test animals. Here we describe a laser-based printing technique applied for the arrangement of vital cells in two and three-dimensional patterns and for tissue engineering. First printed tissue, tested in vitro and in vivo, and printing of cell patterns for investigating cell-cell interactions are presented.

scholarly journals Digital Twins for Tissue Culture Techniques—Concepts, Expectations, and State of the Art

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Johannes Möller ◽  
Ralf Pörtner
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Techniques to provide in vitro tissue culture have undergone significant changes during the last decades, and current applications involve interactions of cells and organoids, three-dimensional cell co-cultures, and organ/body-on-chip tools. Efficient computer-aided and mathematical model-based methods are required for efficient and knowledge-driven characterization, optimization, and routine manufacturing of tissue culture systems. As an alternative to purely experimental-driven research, the usage of comprehensive mathematical models as a virtual in silico representation of the tissue culture, namely a digital twin, can be advantageous. Digital twins include the mechanistic of the biological system in the form of diverse mathematical models, which describe the interaction between tissue culture techniques and cell growth, metabolism, and the quality of the tissue. In this review, current concepts, expectations, and the state of the art of digital twins for tissue culture concepts will be highlighted. In general, DT’s can be applied along the full process chain and along the product life cycle. Due to the complexity, the focus of this review will be especially on the design, characterization, and operation of the tissue culture techniques.

scholarly journals Current Advances in 3D Tissue and Organ Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Georgia Pennarossa ◽  
Sharon Arcuri ◽  
Teresina De Iorio ◽  
Fulvio Gandolfi ◽  
Tiziana A. L. Brevini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Culture Systems

Bi-dimensional culture systems have represented the most used method to study cell biology outside the body for over a century. Although they convey useful information, such systems may lose tissue-specific architecture, biomechanical effectors, and biochemical cues deriving from the native extracellular matrix, with significant alterations in several cellular functions and processes. Notably, the introduction of three-dimensional (3D) platforms that are able to re-create in vitro the structures of the native tissue, have overcome some of these issues, since they better mimic the in vivo milieu and reduce the gap between the cell culture ambient and the tissue environment. 3D culture systems are currently used in a broad range of studies, from cancer and stem cell biology, to drug testing and discovery. Here, we describe the mechanisms used by cells to perceive and respond to biomechanical cues and the main signaling pathways involved. We provide an overall perspective of the most recent 3D technologies. Given the breadth of the subject, we concentrate on the use of hydrogels, bioreactors, 3D printing and bioprinting, nanofiber-based scaffolds, and preparation of a decellularized bio-matrix. In addition, we report the possibility to combine the use of 3D cultures with functionalized nanoparticles to obtain highly predictive in vitro models for use in the nanomedicine field.

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